Age does not affect sex effect of conditioned pain modulation of pressure and thermal pain across 2 conditioning stimuli

BACKGROUND: Conditioned pain modulation paradigms are often used to assess the diffuse noxious inhibitory control (DNIC) system. DNICs provide one of the main supraspinal pain inhibitory pathways and are impaired in several chronic pain populations. Only one previous study has examined the psychometric properties of the conditioned pain modulation technique and this study did not evaluate intersession reliability.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the intra- and intersession reliability of two conditioned pain modulation paradigms using different conditioning stimuli, and to determine the time course of conditioned pain inhibition following stimulus removal.METHODS: An electronic pressure transducer was used to determine the pressure-pain threshold at the knee during painful conditioning of the opposite hand using the ischemic arm test and the cold pressor test. Assessments were completed twice on one day and repeated once approximately three days later.RESULTS: The two conditioning stimuli resulted in a similar increase in the pressure-pain threshold at the knee, reflecting presumed activation of the DNIC system. Intrasession intraclass correlation coefficients for the cold pressor (0.85) and ischemic arm tests (0.75) were excellent. The intersession intraclass correlation coefficient for the cold pressor test was good (0.66) but was poor for the ischemic arm test (−0.4). Inhibition of the pressure-pain threshold remained significant at 10 min following conditioning, but returned to baseline by 15 min.CONCLUSIONS: Within-session reliability of DNIC assessment using conditioned pain modulation paradigms was excellent, but the applicability of assessing pain modulation over multiple sessions was influenced by the conditioning stimulus. The cold pressor test was the superior technique.

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Medication overuse reinstates conditioned pain modulation in women with migraine

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102417727545 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 1148-1158 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nathalie Guy ◽

Daniel Voisin ◽

Aurélien Mulliez ◽

Pierre Clavelou ◽

Radhouane Dallel

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteer ◽

Temporal Summation ◽

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Episodic Migraine ◽

Pain Modulation ◽

Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Pain Thresholds ◽

Thermal Pain

Background This study investigated the effects of medication overuse and withdrawal on modulation of pain processing in women with migraine. Temporal summation of laser-evoked thermal pain was used to measure the effects of conditioned pain modulation. Methods 36 female participants (12 healthy volunteers, 12 with episodic migraine and 12 with medication overuse headache) were included in a two session protocol. Medication overuse headache subjects were also tested three weeks after medication overuse headache withdrawal. Mechanical and laser-evoked thermal pain thresholds were measured on the back of the non-dominant hand where, later, temporal summation of laser-evoked thermal pain to repetitive thermal stimuli was elicited for 30 min, at an intensity producing moderate pain. Between the 10th and 20th minutes, the contralateral foot was immersed into a water bath at a not painful (30℃) or painfully cold (8℃; conditioned pain modulation) temperature. Results Episodic migraine, medication overuse headache and medication overuse headache withdrawal were associated with an increase in extracephalic temporal summation of laser-evoked thermal pain as compared to healthy volunteer subjects, while there was no alteration of laser-evoked thermal and mechanical extracephalic pain thresholds in these subjects. Conditioned pain modulation was highly efficient in temporal summation of laser-evoked thermal pain in healthy volunteer subjects, with a solid post-effect (reduction of pain). Conditioned pain modulation was still present, but reduced, in episodic migraine. By contrast, conditioned pain modulation was normal in medication overuse headache and strongly reduced in medication overuse headache withdrawal. Furthermore, in medication overuse headache withdrawal, the post-effect was no longer a decrease, but a facilitation of pain. Conclusions These data show that a decrease in conditioned pain modulation does not underlie medication overuse headache in women. On the contrary, medication overuse reinstated conditioned pain modulation in female migraine patients. They also identify different phenotypes of pain modulation in migraine patients. Registration number N° 2008-A00471-54.

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Genetic variation in catechol‐O‐methyltransferase is associated with individual differences in conditioned pain modulation in healthy subjects

The Journal of Gene Medicine ◽

10.1002/jgm.3374 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olga A. Korczeniewska ◽

Fengshen Kuo ◽

Ching‐Yu Huang ◽

Cibele Nasri‐Heir ◽

Junad Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Pain Modulation ◽

Conditioned Pain Modulation

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Office-Cycling: A Promising Way to Raise Pain Thresholds and Increase Metabolism with Minimal Compromising of Work Performance

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/5427201 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rebecca Tronarp ◽

André Nyberg ◽

Mattias Hedlund ◽

Charlotte K. Häger ◽

Suzanne McDonough ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Performance ◽

Work Performance ◽

Pain Threshold ◽

Pressure Pain Threshold ◽

Pain Modulation ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Thermal Pain ◽

Metabolic Expenditure ◽

Pointing Precision ◽

Mouse Pointing

Aim.Establishing the effects of low intensity cycling (LC), moderate intensity cycling (MC), and standing at a simulated office workstation on pain modulation, work performance, and metabolic expenditure.Methods.36 healthy adults (21 females), mean age 26.8 (SD 7.6) years, partook in this randomized3×3crossover trial with 75 minutes of LC on 20% of maximum aerobic power (MAP) output, 30 minutes of MC on 50% of MAP, and standing 30 minutes with 48-hour wash-out periods. Outcome measures were pain modulation (pressure pain threshold (PPT) and thermal pain threshold)), work performance (transcription, mouse pointing, and cognitive performance), and metabolic expenditure.Results.PPTs increased in all conditions. PPT trapezius showed the highest increase after LC, 39.3 kilopascals (kPa) (15.6; 78.6), compared to MC, 17.0 kPa (2.8; 49.9), and standing, 16.8 kPa (−5.6; 39.4),p=0.015. Transcription was reduced during LC and MC. Mouse pointing precision was best during standing and worst and slowest during MC. Cognitive performance did not differ between conditions. Metabolic expenditure rates were 1.4 (1.3; 1.7), 3.3 (2.3; 3.7), and 7.5 (5.8; 8.7) kcal/minute during standing, LC, and MC, respectively(p<0.001).Conclusions.LC seems to be the preferred option; it raised PPTs, more than doubled metabolic expenditure, whilst minimally influencing work performance.

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