Decision letter for "Unravelling the distinct contribution of cell shape changes and cell intercalation to tissue morphogenesis: the case of the Drosophila trachea"

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Tissue Morphogenesis ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Cell Intercalation ◽  
Shape Changes

scholarly journals Direct laser manipulation reveals the mechanics of cell contacts in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 1416-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapil Bambardekar ◽  
Raphaël Clément ◽  
Olivier Blanc ◽  
Claire Chardès ◽  
Pierre-François Lenne
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Tissue Morphogenesis ◽  
Cell Contacts ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Shape Changes ◽  
Cell Cell

Cell-generated forces produce a variety of tissue movements and tissue shape changes. The cytoskeletal elements that underlie these dynamics act at cell–cell and cell–ECM contacts to apply local forces on adhesive structures. In epithelia, force imbalance at cell contacts induces cell shape changes, such as apical constriction or polarized junction remodeling, driving tissue morphogenesis. The dynamics of these processes are well-characterized; however, the mechanical basis of cell shape changes is largely unknown because of a lack of mechanical measurements in vivo. We have developed an approach combining optical tweezers with light-sheet microscopy to probe the mechanical properties of epithelial cell junctions in the early Drosophila embryo. We show that optical trapping can efficiently deform cell–cell interfaces and measure tension at cell junctions, which is on the order of 100 pN. We show that tension at cell junctions equilibrates over a few seconds, a short timescale compared with the contractile events that drive morphogenetic movements. We also show that tension increases along cell interfaces during early tissue morphogenesis and becomes anisotropic as cells intercalate during germ-band extension. By performing pull-and-release experiments, we identify time-dependent properties of junctional mechanics consistent with a simple viscoelastic model. Integrating this constitutive law into a tissue-scale model, we predict quantitatively how local deformations propagate throughout the tissue.

scholarly journals Viscoelastic Dissipation Stabilizes Cell Shape Changes during Tissue Morphogenesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 3132-3142.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Clément ◽  
Benoît Dehapiot ◽  
Claudio Collinet ◽  
Thomas Lecuit ◽  
Pierre-François Lenne
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Tissue Morphogenesis ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Shape Changes

Tissue morphogenesis coupled with cell shape changes

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadayoshi Watanabe ◽  
Yoshiko Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Tissue Morphogenesis ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Shape Changes

scholarly journals Unified quantitative characterization of epithelial tissue development

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Guirao ◽  
Stéphane U Rigaud ◽  
Floris Bosveld ◽  
Anaïs Bailles ◽  
Jesús López-Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Tissue Morphogenesis ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shape Changes

Understanding the mechanisms regulating development requires a quantitative characterization of cell divisions, rearrangements, cell size and shape changes, and apoptoses. We developed a multiscale formalism that relates the characterizations of each cell process to tissue growth and morphogenesis. Having validated the formalism on computer simulations, we quantified separately all morphogenetic events in the Drosophila dorsal thorax and wing pupal epithelia to obtain comprehensive statistical maps linking cell and tissue scale dynamics. While globally cell shape changes, rearrangements and divisions all significantly participate in tissue morphogenesis, locally, their relative participations display major variations in space and time. By blocking division we analyzed the impact of division on rearrangements, cell shape changes and tissue morphogenesis. Finally, by combining the formalism with mechanical stress measurement, we evidenced unexpected interplays between patterns of tissue elongation, cell division and stress. Our formalism provides a novel and rigorous approach to uncover mechanisms governing tissue development.

scholarly journals Myosin-II-mediated cell shape changes and cell intercalation contribute to primitive streak formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Rozbicki ◽  
Manli Chuai ◽  
Antti I. Karjalainen ◽  
Feifei Song ◽  
Helen M. Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Cell Intercalation ◽  
Shape Changes

scholarly journals Viscoelastic dissipation stabilizes cell shape changes during tissue morphogenesis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Clément ◽  
C. Collinet ◽  
B. Dehapiot ◽  
T. Lecuit ◽  
P.-F. Lenne
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Tissue Morphogenesis ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Cellular Forces ◽  
Transient Forces ◽  
Shape Changes

Tissue morphogenesis relies on the production of active cellular forces. Understanding how such forces are mechanically converted into cell shape changes is essential to our understanding of morphogenesis. Here we use Myosin II pulsatile activity during Drosophila embryogenesis to study how transient forces generate irreversible cell shape changes. Analyzing the dynamics of junction shortening and elongation resulting from Myosin II pulses, we find that long pulses yield less reversible deformations, typically a signature of dissipative mechanics. This is consistent with a simple viscoelastic description, which we use to model individual shortening and elongation events. The model predicts that dissipation typically occurs on the minute timescale, a timescale commensurate with that of force generation by Myosin II pulses. We test this estimate by applying time-controlled forces on junctions with optical tweezers. Our results argue that active junctional deformation is stabilized by dissipation. Hence, tissue morphogenesis requires coordination between force generation and dissipation.

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