scholarly journals Determinants of human population growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1425) ◽  
pp. 1197-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Lutz ◽  
Ren Qiang
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Human Population Growth ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Birth

The 20th century has seen unprecedented growth of the human population on this planet. While at the beginning of the century the Earth had an estimated 1.6 billion inhabitants, this number grew to 6.1 billion by the end of the century, and further significant growth is a near certainty. This paper tries to summarize what factors lie behind this extraordinary expansion of the human population and what population growth we can expect for the future. It discusses the concept of demographic transition and the preconditions for a lasting secular fertility decline. Recent fertility declines in all parts of the world now make it likely that human population growth will come to an end over the course of this century, but in parts of the developing world significant population growth is still to be expected over the coming decades. The slowing of population growth through declining birth rates, together with still increasing life expectancy, will result in a strong ageing of population age structure. Finally, this paper presents a global level systematic analysis of the relationship between population density on the one hand, and growth and fertility rates on the other. This analysis indicates that in addition to the well–studied social and economic determinants, population density also presents a significant factor for the levels and trends of human birth rates.

scholarly journals Human population growth offsets climate-driven increase in woody vegetation in sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brandt ◽  
Kjeld Rasmussen ◽  
Josep Peñuelas ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Guy Schurgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Human Population Growth ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals A Review of Nanotechnology Application for Seawater Desalination Process. SOIJST Vol. 1 (1):155-179

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Human Population ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Human Population Growth ◽  
Freshwater Resource ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness

As freshwater resource decreasing rapidly due to high rate of human population growth, many researchers have done studies to develop methods for producing freshwater supply. Seawater desalination is one of the method that has the credibility to be implemented. However, conventional seawater desalination processes suffer from a number of problems related to energy efficiency and cost. In spite of this, nanotechnology has been applied to the process. In this paper, we give an overview and explanations concerning the roles of nanotechnology in seawater desalination processes which consist of pretreatment, reverse osmosis (RO), and disinfection. In addition, the comparisons between conventional and nanotechnology-applied processes as related to its efficiency and effectiveness are also provided.

Predicting impacts of future human population growth and development on occupancy rates of forest-dependent birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Brown ◽  
Therese M. Donovan ◽  
W. Scott Schwenk ◽  
David M. Theobald
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Human Population Growth ◽  
Occupancy Rates

Interdisciplinary approaches for the management of existing and emerging human - wildlife conflicts

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piran C. L. White ◽  
Alastair I. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Human Population Growth ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches

Human–wildlife conflicts are increasing throughout the world, principally due to a combination of human population growth, increased pressure on land and natural resources and climate change. Many human–wildlife conflicts stem from differences in objectives between various stakeholder groups, especially where the wildlife in question is a resource that can be exploited for economic or cultural benefit, or where the conservation of wildlife is at odds with human population growth or development pressure. Conflicts can be exacerbated by an incomplete understanding of their causes and/or inappropriate intervention measures. Many traditional forms of intervention are also subject to increasing scrutiny and criticism from society. Here, we highlight the potential strategic benefits that can be made by an interdisciplinary approach to human–wildlife conflict situations, by integrating knowledge and understanding across the natural and social sciences. We also stress the potential tactical benefits from combining new approaches to management with more traditional ones. We emphasise the potential contribution of more recent developments in decision-making under conditions of limited data availability and uncertainty. Finally, we recommend that monitoring should play a more prominent role, both in assessing the role of stakeholder engagement in participatory decision-making and in contributing to the evidence base that will allow competing hypotheses about specific systems to be evaluated in an iterative manner.

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