scholarly journals A new interpretation of thalamocortical circuitry

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1428) ◽  
pp. 1767-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Adams ◽  
Kingsley Cox
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Almost All

Almost all the information that is needed to specify thalamocortical and neocortical wiring derives from patterned electrical activity induced by the environment. Wiring accuracy must be limited by the anatomical specificity of the cascade of events triggered by neural activity and culminating in synaptogenesis. We present a simple model of learning in the presence of plasticity errors. One way to achieve learning specificity is to build better synapses. We discuss an alternative, circuit–based, approach that only allows plasticity at connections that support highly selective correlations. This circuit resembles some of the more puzzling aspects of thalamocorticothalamic circuitry.

scholarly journals The size of a major epidemic of a vector-borne disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (A) ◽  
pp. 235-247
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Daley ◽  
Randall J. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Basic Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Vector Borne Disease ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

Based on a simple model due to Dietz, it is shown that the size of a major epidemic of a vector-borne disease with basic reproduction ratio R 0>1 is dominated by the size of a standard SIR (susceptible–infected–removed) epidemic with direct host-to-host transmission of disease and the same R 0. Further bounds and numerical illustrations are provided, broadly spanning situations where the size of the epidemic is short of infecting almost all those susceptible. The total size is moderately sensitive to changes in the population parameters that contribute to R 0, so that the fluctuating behaviour in ‘annual’ epidemics is not surprising.

scholarly journals A Statist Political Economy and High Demand for Education in South Korea

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ki Su Kim
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
South Korea ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
South Korean ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Developmental Policies ◽  
Academic Year

In the 1998 academic year, 84 percent of South Korea's high school "leavers" entered a university or college while almost all children went up to high schools. This is to say, South Korea is now moving into a new age of universal higher education. Even so, competition for university entrance remains intense. What is here interesting is South Koreans' unusually high demand for education. In this article, I criticize the existing cultural and socio-economic interpretations of the phenomenon. Instead, I explore a new interpretation by critically referring to the recent political economy debate on South Korea's state-society/market relationship. In my interpretation, the unusually high demand for education is largely due to the powerful South Korean state's losing flexibility in the management of its "developmental" policies. For this, I blame the traditional "personalist ethic" which still prevails as the

scholarly journals Research Protocol: Intravenous Access during Resuscitation: the IVAR trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
YM Smulders ◽  
Prabath WB Nanayakkara ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Central Venous Access ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Central Access ◽  
Resuscitated Patients ◽  
Almost All

Objective: To compare the effects of central versus peripheral drug administration on the rate of return of organised electrical activity and/or spontaneous circulation during CPR. Study design: Randomized clinical trial. Study population: Hospitalized patients and patients presenting at the emergency department, older than 18 years, requiring CPR. Intervention: Central venous access Main study parameters/endpoints: Combined primary endpoint: rate of appearance of organised electrical activity or return of spontaneous circulation. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: All patients are treated according to the guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council, which are endorsed by the local VUMC CPR-committee. Central access will be obtained by cannulation of the external or internal jugular vein. To avoid interference with initial management, central venous access will be obtained after initiation of chest compressions, first attempt at defibrillation (if applicable), securing the airway and obtaining a peripheral access. All resuscitated patients require vascular access and almost all successfully resuscitated patients require central venous access. Obtaining central access during CPR may be associated with a slightly higher complication rate, such as arterial puncture and pneumothorax. Possible benefits for study subjects are a higher success rate of CPR.

scholarly journals The Diversity of Broad Emission-Line Profiles

1997 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 197-198
Author(s):  
Giovanna M. Stirpe ◽  
Andrew Robinson ◽  
David J. Axon
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Emission Line ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Active Galaxies ◽  
Broad Line ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
Broad Emission ◽  
Power Law Function ◽  
Broad Emission Line ◽  
Almost All

AbstractWe present preliminary results from a study of broad-line profiles in active galaxies. A simple model in which the emissivity is a broken power-law function of radius, and the BLR clouds emit anisotropically, yields very good fits to almost all the Ha profiles in our data base.

THE FRENCH FOUNDATIONS OF HUTTON’S THEORY OF THE EARTH, PART TWO: HUTTON’S DEBTS TO ROUELLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-364
Author(s):  
GREGORY F.W. TODD
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
History Of Geology ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
High Degree

This contribution, in two parts, addresses a long-standing problem in the history of geology: Was the geological theory of James Hutton derived inductively from observations and scientific knowledge, or was it derived a priori as a speculative system? Hutton’s own writings do little to clarify the question, and the conflict in interpretations has remained at an impasse. This contribution proposes to resolve that conflict by focusing on the two years Hutton spent as a young man studying chemistry in Paris. I argue that Hutton studied with one of the great chemistry teachers of the eighteenth century, Guillaume-François Rouelle, and that Rouelle’s teachings provided the foundations of Hutton’s geological theory. Part One of this contribution reviewed evidence that Hutton was a student of Rouelle’s, and concluded with a high degree of confidence, but less than certainty, that Hutton did study with Rouelle. In this Part Two, it is argued that Hutton adopted almost all the geological ideas found in Rouelle’s lectures. This Part Two also proposes a reconstruction of the development of Hutton’s cyclical model of Earth strata, taken as the starting point of his broader theory, to show that it developed from observations and inductions, and his study with Rouelle, and was not developed as an a priori system. That conclusion will require a new interpretation of Hutton’s theory, which should now be understood as part of a continuum of geological knowledge developing during the eighteenth century.

The Accepted Outsider: A New Interpretation of The Folktale of Momotaro

IZUMI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-303
Author(s):  
Robi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Almost All

Momotaro is one of the most widely heard folktales in Japanese society, even becoming a compulsory material taught in all elementary schools in Japan. Folktale is something that reflects the structure of thinking of society. Therefore, the folktale of Momotaro was examined to reveal the thinking structure covered in the story. The thought is the view of Japanese society towards people outside their community. This view in Japanese culture is very important. Surprisingly, until now there has been no researcher who relates this folktale to this view. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to fill this void, by presenting a new interpretation different from the previous studies. This research is cultural research, not literary research. Almost all cultural research on Momotaro cannot be separated from the use of a historical approach. What distinguishes it from previous research is the use of a non-historical approach. This study used Levi-Strauss’ structural approach. This approach is to look at the forms of structure or 'logic' used in the folktale of Momotaro, more specifically the logic about the meaning of outsiders for Japanese society.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document