scholarly journals Socially intelligent robots: dimensions of human–robot interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1480) ◽  
pp. 679-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Dautenhahn
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Intelligent Robots ◽  
Human Child ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Robotics

Social intelligence in robots has a quite recent history in artificial intelligence and robotics. However, it has become increasingly apparent that social and interactive skills are necessary requirements in many application areas and contexts where robots need to interact and collaborate with other robots or humans. Research on human–robot interaction (HRI) poses many challenges regarding the nature of interactivity and ‘social behaviour’ in robot and humans. The first part of this paper addresses dimensions of HRI, discussing requirements on social skills for robots and introducing the conceptual space of HRI studies. In order to illustrate these concepts, two examples of HRI research are presented. First, research is surveyed which investigates the development of a cognitive robot companion. The aim of this work is to develop social rules for robot behaviour (a ‘robotiquette’) that is comfortable and acceptable to humans. Second, robots are discussed as possible educational or therapeutic toys for children with autism. The concept of interactive emergence in human–child interactions is highlighted. Different types of play among children are discussed in the light of their potential investigation in human–robot experiments. The paper concludes by examining different paradigms regarding ‘social relationships’ of robots and people interacting with them.

Intersubjectivity in human–agent interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Cassell ◽  
Andrea Tartaro
Keyword(s):  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Embodied Conversational Agents ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Agent ◽  
Unconscious Communication ◽  
Agent Interaction ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Robotics

What is the hallmark of success in human–agent interaction? In animation and robotics, many have concentrated on the looks of the agent — whether the appearance is realistic or lifelike. We present an alternative benchmark that lies in the dyad and not the agent alone: Does the agent’s behavior evoke intersubjectivity from the user? That is, in both conscious and unconscious communication, do users react to behaviorally realistic agents in the same way they react to other humans? Do users appear to attribute similar thoughts and actions? We discuss why we distinguish between appearance and behavior, why we use the benchmark of intersubjectivity, our methodology for applying this benchmark to embodied conversational agents (ECAs), and why we believe this benchmark should be applied to human–robot interaction.

Fake Empathy and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1556-1572
Author(s):  
Jordi Vallverdú ◽  
Toyoaki Nishida ◽  
Yoshisama Ohmoto ◽  
Stuart Moran ◽  
Sarah Lázare
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Basic Emotion ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Different Levels

Empathy is a basic emotion trigger for human beings, especially while regulating social relationships and behaviour. The main challenge of this paper is study whether people's empathic reactions towards robots change depending on previous information given to human about the robot before the interaction. The use of false data about robot skills creates different levels of what we call ‘fake empathy'. This study performs an experiment in WOZ environment in which different subjects (n=17) interacting with the same robot while they believe that the robot is a different robot, up to three versions. Each robot scenario provides a different ‘humanoid' description, and out hypothesis is that the more human-like looks the robot, the more empathically can be the human responses. Results were obtained from questionnaires and multi- angle video recordings. Positive results reinforce the strength of our hypothesis, although we recommend a new and bigger and then more robust experiment.

scholarly journals The Importance of Realism, Character, and Genre: How Theatre Can Support the Creation of Likeable Sociable Robots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise LePage
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Romantic Comedy ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Narrative Studies ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
And Robotics

AbstractStage plays, theories of theatre, narrative studies, and robotics research can serve to identify, explore, and interrogate theatrical elements that support the effective performance of sociable humanoid robots. Theatre, including its parts of performance, aesthetics, character, and genre, can also reveal features of human–robot interaction key to creating humanoid robots that are likeable rather than uncanny. In particular, this can be achieved by relating Mori's (1970/2012) concept of total appearance to realism. Realism is broader and more subtle in its workings than is generally recognised in its operationalization in studies that focus solely on appearance. For example, it is complicated by genre. A realistic character cast in a detective drama will convey different qualities and expectations than the same character in a dystopian drama or romantic comedy. The implications of realism and genre carry over into real life. As stage performances and robotics studies reveal, likeability depends on creating aesthetically coherent representations of character, where all the parts coalesce to produce a socially identifiable figure demonstrating predictable behaviour.

Individual Differences in Human-Robot Interaction in a Military Multitasking Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Y. C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Military Vehicle ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Modality Preference ◽  
And Robotics

A military vehicle crew station environment was simulated and a series of three experiments was conducted to examine the workload and performance of the combined position of the gunner and robotics operator in a multitasking environment. The study also evaluated whether aided target recognition (AiTR) capabilities (delivered through tactile and/or visual cuing) for the gunnery task might benefit the concurrent robotics and communication tasks and how the concurrent task performance might be affected when the AiTR was unreliable (i.e., false alarm prone or miss prone). Participants’ spatial ability was consistently found to be a reliable predictor of their targeting task performance as well as their modality preference for the AiTR display. Participants’ attentional control was found to significantly affect the way they interacted with unreliable automated systems.

scholarly journals Editorial

Robotica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Pedro J Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Mobile Manipulators ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Intelligent Robots ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Summer Schools

The idea underlying this Special Issue arises from previous successfully international events organized in this robotics context. Thus, during 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, hosted in Edmonton, Canada, a Workshop, with the same title was successfully organized by this guest editor. Moreover, this editor was involved in this research area, as co-Chair of the “Manipulation and Grasping Interest Group”, within the European Robotics Research Network (i.e. EURON), from 2001, organizing also a couple of International Summer Schools, supported by EURON, on these topics (Spain, 2001 and 2004). On the other hand, as time goes by, more and more robotics applications are oriented towards working in all kind of service domains, such as hospitals, museums, etc. Hence, the interest on those robotic systems, integrating manipulation and navigation capabilities, namely mobile manipulators, is drastically increasing around the entire world. Therefore, this special issue is trying to face this new scenario providing a comprehensive overview of some key topics, foundations and applications within the Mobile Manipulators context, including human-robot interaction aspects and critical issues related with navigation and manipulation performance, among others.

Fake Empathy and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Vallverdú ◽  
Toyoaki Nishida ◽  
Yoshisama Ohmoto ◽  
Stuart Moran ◽  
Sarah Lázare
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Basic Emotion ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Different Levels

Empathy is a basic emotion trigger for human beings, especially while regulating social relationships and behaviour. The main challenge of this paper is study whether people's empathic reactions towards robots change depending on previous information given to human about the robot before the interaction. The use of false data about robot skills creates different levels of what we call ‘fake empathy'. This study performs an experiment in WOZ environment in which different subjects (n=17) interacting with the same robot while they believe that the robot is a different robot, up to three versions. Each robot scenario provides a different ‘humanoid' description, and out hypothesis is that the more human-like looks the robot, the more empathically can be the human responses. Results were obtained from questionnaires and multi- angle video recordings. Positive results reinforce the strength of our hypothesis, although we recommend a new and bigger and then more robust experiment.

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