X. Observations on the development of the semilunar valves of the aorta and pulmo­nary artery of the heart of the chick

1869 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 387-411 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Semilunar Valves ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Branchial Arteries ◽  
Longitudinal Division ◽  
Clear Description

In the accounts of the development of the heart of vertebrate animals given by various embryological writers, we find an apparently clear description of the mode in which the permanent aorta and pulmonary artery are formed by the longitudinal division of a single large vessel, the truncus arteriosus, into two vessels. The truncus arteriosus is, as is well known, the large arterial trunk that commences in the originally single ventricle of the heart, and terminates by splitting up into the branchial arteries. It conveys the whole of the blood from the ventricle to the system of the embryo, and is also known by the name of bulbus aortæ (see Plate XXXI. fig. 1). In studying the descriptions given by different authors of its division into two vessels, it appeared to me very strange that with such a clear description of the mode of division nothing at all, or only very little, should be said about the mode of development of the semilunar valves attached to the commencement of these vessels. Kölliker is the only author I have been able to find who makes any mention of their mode of development, and his account, which I shall presently quote, is very brief and unsatisfactory. Nowhere have I found any drawings of these parts in their rudimentary state. I was therefore obliged to conclude that very little was known about this point, probably in consequence of the difficulty of accurately examining such minute parts at an early period of development, and I was hence led to attempt the observations recorded in the present paper. They were made during the years 1865, 1866, and 1867, on the embryo of the common domestic fowl, artificially incubated. Though not nearly as complete as I could have wished them to be, they nevertheless demonstrate certain new and interesting facts connected with the develop­ment of the semilunar valves, and the formation of the aorta and pulmonary artery in the bird’s heart. These appear to me to be valuable, as possibly throwing light on some of the congenital malformations of this part of the heart. In working at the develop­ment of the semilunar valves, I was also obliged to examine very closely into the mode of division of the truncus arteriosus into two vessels, and found that the manner in which it becomes divided differs from that usually described to occur in some very important particulars. The development of the semilunar valves is so closely connected with the process of division of the truncus arteriosus that I have found it best to unite the description of each stage of the one with that of the corresponding stage of the other.

scholarly journals Observations on the development of the semilunar valves of the aorta and pulmonary artery of the heart of the chick

1868 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 329-335
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Semilunar Valves ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Branchial Arteries

Kölliker is the only embryological author in whom I have found any information about the development of the semilunar valves of the aorta and pulmonary artery, and I have not been able to discover any observations later than his. After speaking of the formation of the aorta and pulmonary artery by the division of the truncus arteriosus into two vessels this being, as is well known, the large single arterial trunk conveying the blood from the rudimentary ventricle into the branchial arteries, he says, “Simultaneously with the division the semilunar valves also become developed, and I saw them already present in both arteries in an embryo of the seventh week. They are, however, at first nothing but horizontally projecting crescentic growths of the middle and of the epithelial coats by which the lumen at this spot receives the form of a three-rayed star. At what time they first become visible as distinct pockets I have not yet investigated.” The division of the truncus arteriosus is described by Rathke as occurring in birds and mammalia by the formation on its interior of two oppositely situated longitudinal ridges, which then grow together throughout its whole extent and completely divide the vessel into two lateral halves, one representing the commencement of the aorta, and the other that of the pulmonary artery. Though the semilunar valves are said by Kölliker, and quite correctly, to develope simultaneously with the division, he gives no information about the manner in which they are connected with it, or the part of the vessel in which they originate, and nowhere are any drawings given of them in their rudimentary state. I was hence led to conclude that very little was known about this point, and to make the observations the results of which are here recorded. They seem to me valuable, as throwing light on some of the congenital malformations of this part of the heart. They were made during 1865, 1866, and 1867, on the embryos of the common fowl, and I have had no opportunity of investigating human or other mammalian embryos with reference to this point. But from the great likeness between the hearts of birds, mammalia, and man at different periods of their development, it seems pretty certain that the arterial semilunar valves in man and mammalia generally must pass through the same stages of development as those of the bird, which, in the fully developed state, quite resemble them.

scholarly journals P720 Antenatal and postnatal echocardiographic diagnosis of Truncus Arteriosus III (TAIII) complicated by spontaneous PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) closure and LPA (left pulmonary artery) disconnection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Alabdulkarim ◽  
A T I F Asahari ◽  
A M Alotay ◽  
SHERIF Thabet ◽  
TURKI Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Fetal Echocardiography ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Ductal Closure

Abstract Introduction TA III is a rare form of truncus arteriosus when the branch pulmonary arteries originate independently from the common arterial trunk or aortic arch, with origin of one pulmonary artery from the underside of the aortic arch from a ductus arteriosus. Accurate diagnosis and timing of surgery is essential for survival of neonates affected. Purpose Illustration of various imaging modalities utilized to diagnose and manage this lesion and the importance of spontaneous PDA closure. Results TAIII diagnosed at 24 weeks gestation by fetal echocardiography images 1,2,3. Baby was spontaneously delivered at term with 3 Kg weight and 8,9 Apgar score. Diagnosis was confirmed by transthoracic echocardiography images 4,5 , however on 7th day of life routine echocardiogram was performed to assess PDA , markedly decreased flow noted in LPA/left pulmonary veins and no PDA could be seen at that time images 5,6. Spontaneous ductal closure was confirmed by tomography image 7 then cardiac intervention performed to establish LPA patency image 8,9. Successful total repair was done within the neonatal period with excellent results at follow up ( image 10 at 3 years old). Conculsions 1- TAIII can can be diagnosed and assessed by echocardiography. 2- PDA patency to maintain LPA continuity is essential in TAIII management. 3- Successful total surgical repair with good outcomes can be achieved for neonates with this rare complex cyanotic CHD. Abstract P720 Figure. Images

Staged Repair of Van Praagh Truncus Type A3

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
Srujan Ganta ◽  
Nicole Duster ◽  
Howaida El-Said ◽  
John Artrip ◽  
Rohit Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Drug Eluting Stent ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Right Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Drug Eluting ◽  
The Right

Van Praagh (VP) A3 variant of truncus arteriosus (or common arterial trunk) is defined by only one pulmonary artery (usually the right) originating from the common trunk, while the other lung is supplied either by collaterals or a pulmonary artery arising from the aortic arch. This report describes a staged approach to manage a VP-A3 variant truncus arteriosus with ductal origin of the left pulmonary artery (LPA), a hypoplastic right pulmonary artery, and cyanosis. Initially, the ductal portion of the proximal LPA was stented with a Resolute Onyx drug-eluting stent. The pulmonary arteries grew and at four months of age had an acceptable McGoon ratio and Nakata index. The patient then underwent repair which included unifocalization of the branch pulmonary arteries, closure of the ventricular septal defect, and placement of a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery homograft conduit.

Surgical Repair of Type I Truncus Arteriosus 7 Years After Pulmonary Artery Banding: A case Report.

1998 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
Masao Suzuki ◽  
Akio Ohtaki ◽  
Shigeru Ohki ◽  
Takashi Ibe ◽  
Jun Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Banding ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Type I

FEMINISM IN EUROPE: FACING NEW CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
DARIA POTAPOVA ◽  
◽  
SERGEY SHPAGIN
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Women's Equality ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to topical issues of the development of the ideology of feminism in modern conditions. The purpose of the work is to identify the factors of the dynamics of the ideology of feminism at the beginning of the 21st century. The main versions of classical feminism are characterized: liberal, Marxist and radical. There is a close connection between the origins of feminism and Marxism, but even in the early period the interaction of these ideological and political movements was problematic. There is also an interaction of feminism with new social movements in the West in the 20th century. The contradictory consequences of the development of the women's movement for the ideology of feminism are noted: on the one hand, the actualization of the feminist agenda in Western countries created the conditions for significant successes in protecting women's rights and recognizing feminism as a real political force, on the other hand, these same successes reduced the relevance of the liberal version of feminism. Recent developments in Europe have a significant impact on the feminist agenda. Globalization and, in particular, the migration crisis of the 2010s are considered as one of the new factors in the ideological dynamics of feminism. The influx of migrants from Muslim countries not only places a burden on state budgets and reduces the level of security of life on the continent, but also erodes the civilizational identity of European society. Muslim migrants do not seek to integrate into European society, often ignore the fundamental values of European civilization, and above all, women's equality. This situation creates incentives not only to renew the political goals of feminists, but also to revise the ideological foundations of their ideology itself. In particular, it is possible to move away from the traditional reliance on left-wing political slogans and replace the popular Marxist phraseology among radical Islamists with values related to the protection of democratic gains of European society.

Intramural Coronary Artery in Truncus Arteriosus: Importance of Preoperative Echocardiographic Diagnosis and Impact on Surgical Planning

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshid Mir ◽  
Harold M. Burkhart ◽  
Kumar Ponniah ◽  
Kent Ward
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Left Main Coronary Artery ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Coronary Artery Anomalies ◽  
Transesophageal Echocardiogram ◽  
Coronary Anatomy ◽  
Common Arterial Trunk ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Intramural Coronary Artery

Coronary artery anomalies are known to be associated with truncus arteriosus (common arterial trunk). Delineation of coronary anatomy preoperatively is important to avoid complications intraoperatively and postoperatively. We report the case of a 12-year-old boy with repaired truncus arteriosus who presented with moderate to severe truncal valve regurgitation and severe conduit stenosis. He was noted to have intramural left main coronary artery on a transesophageal echocardiogram performed preoperatively.

Intramural Left Coronary Artery in Truncus Arteriosus

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Hussein ◽  
Simone Speggiorin ◽  
Frances Bu’Lock ◽  
Antonio F. Corno
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Low Cardiac Output ◽  
Output State ◽  
Common Arterial Trunk ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Intramural Coronary Artery

An intramural coronary artery in the setting of truncus arteriosus (common arterial trunk) is an uncommon association. Following an uneventful surgical repair, a neonate developed a low cardiac output state deteriorating into cardiac arrest shortly after arrival into the intensive care unit, requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Echocardiography and angiography showed occlusion of the left coronary artery, prompting emergency surgical reexploration. A “slit-like” orifice with an intramural left coronary artery was successfully unroofed, allowing full recovery. Full definition of the proximal coronary anatomy beyond the orifices should be investigated preoperatively in truncus arteriosus, as a missed intramural segment could lead to significant morbidity or mortality.

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