scholarly journals Rare case report of infective endocarditis due to Kocuria kristinae in a patient with ventricular septal defect

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Maqsood Ali ◽  
Gule Raana Waseem ◽  
Shazia Arif
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Background. Infective endocarditis (IE) is an uncommon but life-threatening infection. It is commonly associated with diseased or damaged valves. Patients with congenital heart disease are more prone to getting IE than the general population. The typical organisms that cause IE include Staphylococcus , Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus viridians and Enterococci. However, the importance of rare micro-organisms like Kocuria kristinae should not be underestimated especially when isolated from multiple blood cultures in patients suspected of IE. Case presentation. We report a rare case of right-sided infective endocarditis due to K. kristinae in a young non-diabetic, non-addict female of low socioeconomic class who presented with undiagnosed fever for 1 year. She was investigated and treated for fever by several general practitioners without relief. Later on, she was diagnosed by a local cardiologist to have perimembranous ventricular septal defect with a small pulmonary valve vegetation. She was referred to a tertiary care cardiac hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan for further management. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography confirmed IE secondary to preexisting congenital heart disease complicated with a small pulmonary vegetation. Her blood cultures yielded growth of K. kristanae, a rare micro-organism to cause IE. The patient responded to the antibiotic therapy. Conclusion. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for K. kristanae IE as a possible cause of a prolonged fever especially in the presence of congenital heart disease. Antibiotic susceptibility is required for adequate therapy.

scholarly journals Infective endocarditis caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Washio ◽  
Shun-ichiro Sakamoto ◽  
Ryoichi Saito ◽  
Takahito Nei ◽  
Masayo Morishima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Positive Results

We report a case with infective endocarditis (IE) due to Cardiobacterium valvarum . The patient was a 57-year-old male, who was referred to our hospital based on suspected IE detected by transthoracic echocardiography at a neighbourhood clinic. Three sets of blood cultures obtained on admission yielded positive results, and revealed rather slender and linear Gram-negative bacilli with a rosette formation that dyed minimally, with a pale white appearance. Although no isolates were identified by conventional methods, C. valvarum was ultimately identified by 16 S ribosomal RNA genotyping. HACEK group strains are difficult to identify by conventional methods. Therefore, if Gram-negative bacilli are isolated from IE patients, 16 S ribosomal RNA genotyping will be necessary. Furthermore, IE due to C. valvarum is very rare. We thus discuss our case in comparison with previous reports.

Infective Endocarditis

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
Jane W. Newburger ◽  
Alexander S. Nadas
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Flow Through

Infective endocarditis is one of the most serious complications of structural heart disease. It occurs primarily in children and adolescents with preexisting anatomic abnormalities of the heart, with an incidence that varies with the specific cardiac lesion. An identifiable potential source of bacteremia precedes infective endocarditis in approximately one fifth of cases in children. The high mortality (19% to 25%), morbidity, and prolonged treatment course of infective endocarditis make its diagnosis, management, and prevention a matter of great importance to pediatricians. PREDISPOSING FACTORS Structural Heart Disease Cardiac malformations are the major predisposing factor to infective endocarditis. Although rheumatic heart disease has gradually declined as a substrate for endocarditis, the increased survival of children with congenital heart disease in the past two decades has increased the number and age of children susceptible to infective endocarditis. In general, lesions leading to a high velocity of blood flow through a heart valve, septal defect, or blood vessel are associated with increased susceptibility to endocarditis (Table 1). Children at highest risk are those with cyanotic congenital heart disease (eg, tetralogy of Fallot), ventricular septal defect with aortic regurgitation, left-sided valvar regurgitation or obstruction, prosthetic valves, and recent cardiac surgery. Endocarditis is exceedingly uncommon in individuals with isolated atrial septal defect secundum and with mild pulmonic valve stenosis.

Cardiovascular

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Tanya M. Monaghan ◽  
James D. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Aortic Valve Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Coarctation Of The Aorta ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Prosthetic Valves

This chapter is about cardiovascular medicine, and covers mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, mixed mitral valve disease, mixed aortic valve disease, tricuspid regurgitation, prosthetic valves, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, coarctation of the aorta, persistent ductus arteriosus, Fallot’s tetralogy, dextrocardia, infective endocarditis, and congenital heart disease diagrams.

scholarly journals Infective endocarditis of partial atrioventricular septal defect: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-660
Author(s):  
Maja Stefanovic ◽  
Ilija Srdanovic ◽  
Aleksandra Milovancev ◽  
Stamenko Susak ◽  
Snezana Tadic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Atrioventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Mitral Leaflet

Introduction. Partial atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is a form of congenital heart disease (CHD) rarely detected in adults. Infective endocarditis represents a severe complication that carries a substantial risk. Case report. We here reported a case of a 43-year-old female with previously diagnosed adult CHD (partial AVSD and bicuspid aortic valve) presented to the hospital with fever and malaise 14 days prior to admission. On the lung computed tomography scan inflammatory consolidations were found and dual antibiotic therapy (ceftazidime and clarithromycin) was administered without significant regression of pulmonary inflammatory consolidations. The antibiotic treatment was continued with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combined with levofloxacin and metronidazole. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a large vegetation (dimension, 3.6 x 1.8 cm) attached to the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve floating between right atrium and right ventricle through tricuspid valve with high embolic potential. Endocarditis team reached a decision for immediate surgical intervention. The operative findings revealed the partial AVSD, common atrioventricular valve with cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet in the A2 segment and detached and cleft septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. Vegetation (size 4 x 3 cm) was attached to the septal side of the tricuspid annulus, basal segment of the anterior mitral leaflet and edge of the atrial septal defect freely floating between right atrium, right ventricle and left atrium. Excision of the vegetation and AVSD plastics were done, as well as the reconstruction of the mitral and tricuspid annuli and leaflets. The treatment was continued with antibiotics and completed in 18 days with full recovery. Conclusion. Early and precious diagnosis and optimal management that combines both conventional and surgical approaches are crucial for reducing the risk of complications and mortality in patients with infective endocarditis in grown-up congenital heart disease.

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemi Dodo ◽  
John S. Child
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Congenital Heart

scholarly journals Infective endocarditis in adults with congenital heart disease: still a potentially lethal disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P2135-P2135
Author(s):  
O. Tutarel ◽  
R. Schiff ◽  
R. Alonso-Gonzalez ◽  
A. Kempny ◽  
A. Uebing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Congenital Heart

scholarly journals Prevalence and profile of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension in Down syndrome in a pediatric cardiology service

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Alves Mourato ◽  
Lúcia Roberta R. Villachan ◽  
Sandra da Silva Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Atrioventricular Septal Defect

OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequence and profile of congenital heart defects in Down syndrome patients referred to a pediatric cardiologic center, considering the age of referral, gender, type of heart disease diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and its association with pulmonary hypertension at the initial diagnosis.METHODS:Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of 138 patients with Down syndrome from a total of 17,873 records. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed, using Epi-Info version 7.RESULTS: Among the 138 patients with Down syndrome, females prevailed (56.1%) and 112 (81.2%) were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. The most common lesion was ostium secundum atrial septal defect, present in 51.8%, followed by atrioventricular septal defect, in 46.4%. Ventricular septal defects were present in 27.7%, while tetralogy of Fallot represented 6.3% of the cases. Other cardiac malformations corresponded to 12.5%. Pulmonary hypertension was associated with 37.5% of the heart diseases. Only 35.5% of the patients were referred before six months of age.CONCLUSIONS: The low percentage of referral until six months of age highlights the need for a better tracking of patients with Down syndrome in the context of congenital heart disease, due to the high frequency and progression of pulmonary hypertension.

ABNORMAL CAPILLARY MORPHOLOGY IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
Stella B. Kontras ◽  
JoAnn G. Bodenbender
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Definitive Surgery ◽  
Vascular Compartment

Capillary morphology has been studied in 111 normal children. In 98% of these cases, straight hairpin forms make up over 80% of the capillaries examined. Thirty children with congenital heart disease showed 80% abnormal capillary patterns consisting of dilated, tortuous, and branched loops. These were most marked in cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot and ventricular septal defect with pulmonary hypertension. These cases also were associated with microscopic hemorrhages, increased capillary fragility and actual postoperative hemorrhagic complications. Definitive surgery in two cases, though improving the patient, did not result in changes in the abnormal capillary patterns. It is suggested that the role of the capillary structure in rheology of blood in the microvasculature has largely been ignored and that abnormalities in this vascular compartment may affect perfusion of tissues. The association of abnormalities in coagulation studies, hemorrhage, and thrombosis with congenital heart disease may in part be related to the morphologic vascular abnormalities. The abnormal capillary findings may be due to maturational arrest or dysmaturity of this portion of the cardiovascular system or may be the result of chronic hypoxia.

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