Genomic characterization of a novel human adenovirus type 31 recombinant in the hexon gene

A novel human recombinant adenovirus of species A (HAdV-A31 MZ) was isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis in Japan. The complete genome of HAdV-A31 strain MZ contains 33 776 bp. Analysis of the hexon gene of HAdV-A31 MZ indicated that its hexon sequence is the result of a genetic recombination between those of HAdV-A31 and a close relative to HAdV-A12. The recombination sites were found around the border of hypervariable loops 1 and 2 in the hexon gene, which are the most important determinants for virus neutralization. Loops 1 and 2 of this virus were genetically related to HAdV-A12, whereas all other parts of the genome were highly similar to HAdV-A31. In order to understand the evolution of adenoviruses correctly and to avoid misidentification of HAdV types, we recommend characterizing not only the hexon gene, but also the penton base and fiber genes.

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Isolation and partial characterization of a human adenovirus type 4 temperature-sensitive mutant (Mastadenovirus h 4 tsl)

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m84-022 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 135-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Linda M. Mofford ◽

R. G. Marusyk

Keyword(s):

Selection Procedure ◽

Temperature Shift ◽

Human Adenovirus ◽

Adenovirus Type ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Penton Base ◽

Virus Stock ◽

Ts Mutant ◽

Viruslike Particles

A random selection procedure was used to isolate a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of human adenovirus type 4 (Mastadenovirus h 4 tsl) from nitrous acid mutagenized virus stock. The mutant displayed restricted growth at the nonpermissive temperature of 39 °C. Analysis of the mutant grown at 39 °C, by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoretic analysis, showed the mutant to be defective in the expression of the penton base and fibre structural components. The mutant was, however, capable of synthesizing immunologically reactive hexon components. Temperature-shift experiments revealed detectable fibre and penton to be present following shift-down from 39 to 32 °C. Time-sequence analysis of shift-down experiments suggested a possible defect in processing of the components, as indicated by an increase of immunologically detectable penton base. The ability of the mutant to assemble viruslike particles at 39 °C was confirmed by electron microscopy. Though the particles assembled appeared as mature virions, crystalline arrays of packed particles were less in number and somewhat smaller in size than those observed at 32 °C.

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Genomic characterization of human adenovirus type 4 strains isolated worldwide since 1953 identifies two separable phylogroups evolving at different rates from their most recent common ancestor

Virology ◽

10.1016/j.virol.2019.08.028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 538 ◽

pp. 11-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriel Gonzalez ◽

Camden R. Bair ◽

Daryl M. Lamson ◽

Hidemi Watanabe ◽

Laura Panto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Ancestor ◽

Human Adenovirus ◽

Adenovirus Type ◽

Recent Common Ancestor ◽

Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽

Genomic Characterization

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Predicting the Next Eye Pathogen: Analysis of a Novel Adenovirus

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.00595-12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Christopher M. Robinson ◽

Xiaohong Zhou ◽

Jaya Rajaiya ◽

Mohammad A. Yousuf ◽

Gurdeep Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systems Biology ◽

Genetic Recombination ◽

Human Adenovirus ◽

Adenovirus Type ◽

Genetic Alterations ◽

Laboratory Simulation ◽

Penton Base ◽

Emerging Viruses ◽

Evolutionary Mechanisms

ABSTRACTFor DNA viruses, genetic recombination, addition, and deletion represent important evolutionary mechanisms. Since these genetic alterations can lead to new, possibly severe pathogens, we applied a systems biology approach to study the pathogenicity of a novel human adenovirus with a naturally occurring deletion of the canonical penton base Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) loop, thought to be critical to cellular entry by adenoviruses. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a new highly recombinant species D human adenovirus (HAdV-D60). A synthesis ofin silicoand laboratory approaches revealed a potential ocular tropism for the new virus.In vivo, inflammation induced by the virus was dramatically greater than that by adenovirus type 37, a major eye pathogen, possibly due to a novel alternate ligand, Tyr-Gly-Asp (YGD), on the penton base protein. The combination of bioinformatics and laboratory simulation may have important applications in the prediction of tissue tropism for newly discovered and emerging viruses.IMPORTANCEThe ongoing dance between a virus and its host distinctly shapes how the virus evolves. While human adenoviruses typically cause mild infections, recent reports have described newly characterized adenoviruses that cause severe, sometimes fatal human infections. Here, we report a systems biology approach to show how evolution has affected the disease potential of a recently identified novel human adenovirus. A comprehensive understanding of viral evolution and pathogenicity is essential to our capacity to foretell the potential impact on human disease for new and emerging viruses.

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