scholarly journals Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Systematic Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 687-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge J. Castillo ◽  
John L. Reagan
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cd20 Expression ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Relapse Rates

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a very aggressive variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma initially described in the oral cavity of HIV-infected individuals. PBL represents a diagnostic challenge given its characteristic morphology and lack of CD20 expression, and also a therapeutic challenge, with early responses to therapy, but with high relapse rates and poor prognosis. In recent years, our understanding and clinical experience with PBL has increased in both HIV-positive and -negative settings. However, given its rarity, most of the data available rely on case reports and case series. The main goal of this article is to systematically review the most recent advances in epidemiology; pathophysiology; clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics; therapy; and prognosis in patients with PBL. Specific covered topics include new pathological markers for diagnosis, its association with Epstein-Barr virus, and the need of more intensive therapies.

Gastrointestinal Tract Plasmablastic Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Adults: A Histopathological Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 735-748
Author(s):  
Absalom Mwazha ◽  
Gamalenkosi Bonginkosi Nhlonzi ◽  
Pedzisai Mazengenya
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Molecular Features

Background. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that is characterized by the expression of plasma cell antigens and loss of pan B-cell antigens. The neoplasm is extensively reported in the oral cavity and anorectal region but rarely in the gastrointestinal tract, where only isolated case reports and small case series have been reported. In the current study, morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of 17 cases of gastrointestinal tract PBL were reviewed. Methods. Ten-year retrospective study that reappraised the histomorphological and immunophenotypical profiles of HIV-associated PBLs in the gastrointestinal tract. Results. The mean age of the study patients was 41 years with a 3:1 ratio of males to females. The most common site of tumor origin was the small intestine (42%), followed by the stomach (29%) and the colon (29%). Majority of the cases showed a predominant diffuse (82%) growth pattern. Immunoblasts and plasmablasts were observed in all cases. Plasmacytic differentiation was seen in 5 (29%) cases. Additional observations not previously described or emphasized in literature includes pseudo-alveolar growth pattern, centroblast-predominance, multinucleated giant cells, and clear cell change. Immunohistochemistry revealed absence of pan B-cell antigens and expression of plasma cell antigens in all cases. Epstein-Barr virus–encoded RNA was expressed in 53% of the cases. Conclusions. This study highlights the spectrum of histopathological features seen in gastrointestinal tract PBLs. Awareness of this entity and its histopathological features in the gastrointestinal tract is essential for making a timely and accurate diagnosis and improving patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Cytological Diagnosis of Plasmablastic Lymphoma Involving the Parotid Gland: A Case Report with Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
Ghaleb Elyamany ◽  
Ahmed Fouly ◽  
Abdulmalik Alqahtani ◽  
Assem Alrumeh ◽  
Shuaa Asiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Tissue Biopsy ◽  
Parotid Swelling ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), characterized by its association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), aggressive nature, and plasmacytic/plasmablastic differentiation. PBL remains a therapeutic and diagnostic challenge. Diagnosis of PBL by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is reported infrequently. We herein describe the cytodiagnosis of a rare case of HIV-negative PBL in a 58-year-old man without EBV infection presented by parotid swelling. The current case study highlights the cytomorphologic features that may help to distinguish PBL from other mimics. However, although the cytomorphologic features may suggest PBL, a definitive diagnosis requires additional studies including tissue biopsy and immunohistochemistry, in addition to biochemical investigations and radiological workup to establish the diagnosis and exclude similar conditions. In conclusion, FNAC is a very useful, simple, rapid and reliable procedure for diagnosis of the lymphoma. FNAC provided the earliest clue to diagnosis of PBL, which was later confirmed by tissue biopsy.

Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive CD20- and CD45-Negative Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Diagnostic Challenge

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Starr ◽  
Dong Hyang Kwon ◽  
Bhaskar Kallakury
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Large B Cell

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is characterized by medium- to large-sized neoplastic cells that express a wide range of B-cell markers including CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD79a. Also, as this is a hematopoietic malignancy, there is expression of the leukocyte common antigen CD45. Lack of CD20 expression occurs in a specific rare heterogeneous subgroup of DLBCL including primary effusion lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma, and large B-cell lymphoma arising in HHV8+ multicentric Castleman disease. In this article, we report a rare case of CD20- and CD45-negative Epstein-Barr virus–positive DLBCL in which the entities listed above were ruled out, thereby posing a significant diagnostic challenge. Arriving at the correct diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus–positive DLBCL was supported by immunoreactivity for the B-cell transcription factor Oct-2 and the pan-B cell marker CD79a.

scholarly journals Pathobiology of Hodgkin Lymphoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Paolo Piccaluga ◽  
Claudio Agostinelli ◽  
Anna Gazzola ◽  
Claudio Tripodo ◽  
Francesco Bacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Epstein Barr

Despite its well-known histological and clinical features, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) has recently been the object of intense research activity, leading to a better understanding of its phenotype, molecular characteristics, histogenesis, and possible mechanisms of lymphomagenesis. There is complete consensus on the B-cell derivation of the tumor in most cases, and on the relevance of Epstein-Barr virus infection and defective cytokinesis in at least a proportion of patients. The REAL/WHO classification recognizes a basic distinction between lymphocyte predominance HL (LP-HL) and classic HL (cHL), reflecting the differences in clinical presentation and behavior, morphology, phenotype, and molecular features. cHL has been classified into four subtypes: lymphocyte rich, nodular sclerosing, with mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte depleted. The borders between cHL and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma have become sharper, whereas those between LP-HL and T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma remain ill defined. Treatments adjusted to the pathobiological characteristics of the tumor in at-risk patients have been proposed and are on the way to being applied.

Atypical presentation of plasmablastic lymphoma in immunocompetent patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e243310
Author(s):  
Muhammad Danish Khan ◽  
Shiva Natarajan ◽  
Venkata Lekharaju
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Aggressive Lymphoma ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Frail Elderly Patient ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Epstein Barr

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an uncommon and aggressive type of mature B cell lymphoma rarely involving gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Here, we describe a case of PBL involving the colon in HIV/Epstein-Barr virus negative immunocompetent patient who presented with anaemia and weight loss but no significant GI symptoms. It emphasises that even in the absence of classical risk factors, one should consider possibility of this condition as this is potentially curable. Also, we would like to highlight the diagnostic and treatment challenges of such an aggressive lymphoma in a frail elderly patient with multiple comorbidities.

Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Arising on Cardiac Prostheses

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan V. Miller ◽  
Dennis J. Firchau ◽  
Rebecca F. McClure ◽  
Paul J. Kurtin ◽  
Andrew L. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Large B Cell
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