scholarly journals Memory reconsolidation impairments in sign-tracking to an audiovisual compound stimulus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed L. Drame ◽  
Maria Balaet ◽  
Jonathan L. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Compound Stimulus ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Training Context ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Memory Reactivation ◽  
Compound Stimuli ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Auditory Component

AbstractStudies of memory reconsolidation of pavlovian memories have typically employed unimodal conditioned stimuli, despite the use of multimodal compound stimuli in other settings. Here we studied sign-tracking behaviour to a compound audiovisual stimulus. First, we observed not unexpectedly that sign-tracking was poorer to the audiovisual compound than to unimodal visual stimuli. Then, we showed that, depending on the parameters of compound stimulus re-exposure at memory reactivation, systemic MK-801 treatment either impaired extinction to improve signtracking at test, or disrupted reconsolidation to impair test behaviour. When memory reactivation consisted of re-exposure to only the auditory component of the compound stimulus, we observed sign-tracking impairments following MK-801 treatment, but only under certain test conditions. This was in contrast to the consistent impairment following reactivation with the full audiovisual compound. Moreover, the parameters of auditory stimulus presentation to enable MK-801-induced impairment at test varied depending on whether the stimulus was presented within or outside the training context. These findings suggest that behaviour under the control of appetitive pavlovian compound stimuli can be modulated by targeting both extinction and reconsolidation, and that it is not necessary to re-expose to the full compound stimulus in order to achieve a degree of modulation of behaviour.

scholarly journals Memory reconsolidation impairments in sign-tracking to an audiovisual compound stimulus

2020 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 112774
Author(s):  
Mohamed L. Drame ◽  
Maria Balaet ◽  
Jonathan L.C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Compound Stimulus ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Sign Tracking

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MK-801 AND REACTIVATION ON SPATIAL MEMORY RECONSOLIDATION IN RATS IN 8-ARM RADIAL MAZE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Zaichenko ◽  
Felix Zakirov ◽  
Valentina Gruzdeva ◽  
Vladimir Markevich ◽  
Grigory Grigoryan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Radial Maze ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Mk 801

Better, worse, or different than expected - On the role of value and identity prediction errors in fear memory reactivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gerlicher ◽  
Merel Kindt ◽  
Sjoerd A Verweij
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Fear Memory ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Memory Reactivation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Propranolol Hcl

Although reconsolidation-based interventions constitute a promising new avenue to treating fear and anxieties disorders, the success of the intervention is not guaranteed. The initiation of memory reconsolidation is dependent on whether a mismatch between the experienced and predicted outcome – a prediction error (PE) – occurs during fear memory reactivation. It remains, however, elusive whether any type of PE renders fear memories susceptible to reconsolidation disruption. Here, we investigated whether a value PE, elicited by an outcome that is better or worse than expected, is necessary to make fear memories susceptible to reconsolidation disruption or whether a model-based identity PE, i.e., a PE elicited by an outcome equally aversive but different than expected, would be sufficient. Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors with propranolol HCl after reactivation did, however, not reduce the expression of fear after either type of PE. Instead, we observed intact fear memory expression 24h after reactivation in the value-, identity- and a no-PE control group. The present results do not corroborate our earlier findings of reconsolidation disruption and point towards challenges that the field is currently facing in observing evidence for memory reconsolidation at all. We provide potential explanations for the unexpected failure of replicating reconsolidation disruption and discuss future directions.

Easy to Make, Hard to Revise: Updating Spontaneous Trait Inferences in the Presence of Trait-Inconsistent Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-625
Author(s):  
Irmak Olcaysoy Okten ◽  
Gordon B. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Single Point ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Memory Reactivation ◽  
Inconsistent Information ◽  
Spontaneous Trait Inferences ◽  
Trait Inferences ◽  
Over Time

Previous research has shown that perceivers spontaneously form trait inferences from others' behaviors received at a single point in time. The present work examined the persistence of spontaneous trait inferences (STIs) in the presence of trait-inconsistent information about others. We hypothesized that STIs should be resistant to change over time and in the presence of new trait-inconsistent information due to perceivers forming and storing multiple STIs independently in memory. Consistently, Experiments 1a and 1b showed that initial STIs were not affected by new trait-inconsistent information. Experiments 2 and 3 revealed that STIs were persistent over 48 hours. Two experiments also tested memory reconsolidation as a possible mechanism of updating first impressions. While STIs were not substantially affected, spontaneous goal inferences (SGIs) were elevated among those with a better explicit memory of behaviors after learning trait-inconsistent information following a memory reactivation procedure. Implications of these findings on impression formation and updating processes are discussed.

scholarly journals Propofol-induced deep sedation reduces emotional episodic memory reconsolidation in humans

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. eaav3801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Galarza Vallejo ◽  
Marijn C. W. Kroes ◽  
Enrique Rey ◽  
Maria Victoria Acedo ◽  
Stephan Moratti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Memory Reactivation ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Human Participants

The adjustment of maladaptive thoughts and behaviors associated with emotional memories is central to treating psychiatric disorders. Recent research, predominantly with laboratory animals, indicates that memories can become temporarily sensitive to modification following reactivation, before undergoing reconsolidation. A method to selectively impair reconsolidation of specific emotional or traumatic memories in humans could translate to an effective treatment for conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder. We tested whether deep sedation could impair emotional memory reconsolidation in 50 human participants. Administering the intravenous anesthetic propofol following memory reactivation disrupted memory for the reactivated, but not for a non-reactivated, slideshow story. Propofol impaired memory for the reactivated story after 24 hours, but not immediately after propofol recovery. Critically, memory impairment occurred selectively for the emotionally negative phase of the reactivated story. One dose of propofol following memory reactivation selectively impaired subsequent emotional episodic memory retrieval in a time-dependent manner, consistent with reconsolidation impairment.

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