scholarly journals Contrasting responses of protistan plant parasites and phagotrophs to ecosystems, land management and soil properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Fiore-Donno ◽  
Tim Richter-Heitmann ◽  
Michael Bonkowski
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
List Type ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Plant Parasites

AbstractFunctional traits are increasingly used in ecology to link the structure of microbial communities to ecosystem processes. We investigated two important protistan lineages, Cercozoa and Endomyxa (Rhizaria) in soil using Illumina sequencing and analysed their diversity and functional traits along with their responses to environmental factors in grassland and forest across Germany. From 600 soil samples, we obtained 2,101 Operational Taxonomy Units representing ~18 million Illumina reads (region V4, 18S rRNA gene). All major taxonomic and functional groups were present, dominated by small bacterivorous flagellates (Glissomonadida). Endomyxan plant parasites were absent from forest. In grassland, they were promoted by more intensive land use management. Grassland and forest strikingly differed in community composition. Relative abundances of bacterivores and eukaryvores were contrastingly influenced by environmental factors, indicating bottom-up regulation by food resources. These patterns provide new insights into the functional organization of soil biota and indications for a more sustainable land-use management.HighlightsProtistan plant parasites of worldwide importance (Phytomyxea) are absent from forestProtistan plant parasites are enhanced by land use intensification in grasslandOpposite responses of protistan trophic guilds to environmental conditions in forestDrastic differences in protistan community composition between grassland and forest

Indicators for sustainable land use management in Santiago de Chile

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1074-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Weiland ◽  
Annegret Kindler ◽  
Ellen Banzhaf ◽  
Annemarie Ebert ◽  
Sonia Reyes-Paecke
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Santiago De Chile

An Attempt to Develop Sustainable Land Use Management using Geoinformatics: A Case Study of Wurayah Biosphere Reserve, UAE

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eslam A. Al-Hogaraty ◽  
Farouk El-Baz ◽  
Reinhard Zölitz-Möller ◽  
Zeinelabidin A. Rizk ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel Moati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Land Use Management

scholarly journals Development of a system dynamics model for sustainable land use management

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien‐Hwa Yu ◽  
Ching‐Ho Chen ◽  
Cheng‐Fang Lin ◽  
Shiu‐Liang Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
System Dynamics Model ◽  
Dynamics Model

scholarly journals Biofilm thickness matters: Deterministic assembly of different functions and communities in nitrifying biofilms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Suarez ◽  
Maria Piculell ◽  
Oskar Modin ◽  
Silke Langenheder ◽  
Frank Persson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Microbial Biofilms

ABSTRACTMicrobial biofilms are important in natural ecosystems and in biotechnological applications. Biofilm architecture influences organisms’ spatial positions, who their neighbors are, and redox gradients, which in turn determine functions. We ask if and how biofilm thickness influences community composition, architecture and functions. But biofilm thickness cannot easily be isolated from external environmental factors. We designed a metacommunity system in a wastewater treatment plant, where either 50 or 400 µm thick nitrifying biofilms were grown simultaneously on biofilm carriers in the same reactor. Model simulations showed that the 50 µm biofilms could be fully oxygenated whereas the 400 µm biofilms contained anaerobic zones. The 50 and 400 µm biofilms developed significantly different communities. due to deterministic factors were stronger than homogenizing dispersal forces in the reactor, despite the fact that biofilms experienced the same history and external conditions. Relative abundance of aerobic nitrifiers was higher in the 50 µm biofilms, while anaerobic ammonium oxidizers were more abundant in the 400 µm biofilms. However, turnover was larger than the nestedness component of between-group beta-diversity, i.e. the 50 µm biofilm was not just a subset of the thicker 400 µm biofilm with reduced taxa richness. Furthermore, the communities had different nitrogen transformation rates. The study shows that biofilm thickness has a strong impact on community composition and ecosystem function, which has implications for biotechnological applications, and for our general understanding of biofilms.IMPORTANCEMicroorganisms colonize all surfaces in water and form biofilms. Diffusion limitations form steep gradients of energy and nutrient sources from the water phase into the deeper biofilm parts, influencing community composition through the biofilm. Thickness of the biofilm will affect diffusion gradients, and is therefore presumably important for biofilm composition. Since environmental factors determine thickness, studies of how thickness influences biofilm functions and community assembly, have been difficult to perform. We studied biofilms for wastewater treatment with fixed thicknesses of 50 and 400 µm during otherwise similar conditions and history. Despite growing in the same wastewater reactor, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and confocal microscopy showed the formation of two different communities, performing different ecosystem functions. Using statistical methods, we show for the first time, how biofilm thickness influences community assembly. The results help our understanding of the ecology of microbial biofilms, and in designing engineered systems based on ecological principles.

scholarly journals Farmers’ knowledge and adoption of sustainable land-use management systems in Matalom, Leyte, Philippines

2005 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Fe Gabunada ◽  
Agnes Rola
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Management System ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Contour Hedgerow ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis

This study compared the knowledge levels between adaptors and non-adaptors of sustainable land-use management system in Matalom, Leyte, investigate the influence of farrners’ knowledge and other factors on the extent of adoption of technologies, and identify implications that may enhance technology adoption. The sustainable land-use management systems considered in this study included contour hedgerow and agroforestry technologies. The adoptors of sustainable land-use management systems have significantly higher knowledge than the non-adoptors. Their knowledge is significantly and positively affected by their level of education, attendance to related trainings, and contact with extension agents. Results of the Tobit regression analysis showed that the extent of adoption of sustainable land-use management system in the study area is significantly and positively influenced by farmers’ knowledge and other factors such as access to credit and membership in alayon (labor-sharing group)

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