scholarly journals Chronic activation of fear engrams induces extinction-like behavior in ethanol-exposed mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Cincotta ◽  
Nathen J. Murawski ◽  
Stephanie L. Grella ◽  
Olivia McKissick ◽  
Emily Doucette ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTAlcohol withdrawal directly impacts the brain’s stress and memory systems, which may underlie individual susceptibility to persistent drug and alcohol-seeking behaviors. Numerous studies demonstrate that forced alcohol abstinence, which may lead to withdrawal, can impair fear-related memory processes in rodents such as extinction learning, however the underlying neural circuits mediating these impairments remain elusive. Here, we tested an optogenetic strategy aimed at mitigating fear extinction impairments in male c57BL/6 mice following exposure to alcohol (i.e., ethanol) and forced abstinence. In the first experiment, extensive behavioral extinction training in a fear-conditioned context was impaired in ethanol-exposed mice compared to controls. In the second experiment, neuronal ensembles processing a contextual fear memory in the dorsal hippocampus were tagged and optogenetically reactivated repeatedly in a distinct context in ethanol-exposed and control mice. Chronic activation of these cells resulted in a context-specific, extinction-like reduction in fear responses in both control and ethanol-exposed mice. These findings suggest that while ethanol can impair fear extinction learning, optogenetic manipulation of a fear engram is sufficient to induce an extinction-like reduction in fear responses.

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Bouton ◽  
Drina Vurbic ◽  
Amanda M. Woods

Author(s):  
Alexandra Wille ◽  
Verena Maurer ◽  
Paolo Piatti ◽  
Nigel Whittle ◽  
Dietmar Rieder ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 1264-1274
Author(s):  
Madelyne A. Bisby ◽  
A.A. Stylianakis ◽  
K.D. Baker ◽  
R. Richardson

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C Riddle ◽  
Morgan C McKenna ◽  
Yone J Yoon ◽  
Siobhan S Pattwell ◽  
Patricia Mae G Santos ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (8S) ◽  
pp. 303-304
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Crombie ◽  
Anneliis Sartin-Tarm ◽  
Kyrie Sellnow ◽  
Rachel Ahrenholtz ◽  
Sierra Lee ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Leena Lohiniva ◽  
Iman Heweidy ◽  
Samiha Abdu ◽  
Abouelata Omar ◽  
Caroline Ackley ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasingly pervasive due to multiple, complex prescribing and consuming behaviours. Accordingly, behaviour change is an important component of response to AMR. Little is known about the best approaches to change antibiotic use practices and behaviours. This project aims to develop a context-specific behaviour change strategy focusing on promoting appropriate prescription practices following the World Health Organization recommendations for surgical prophylaxis in an orthopaedic surgery unit in Egypt.Methods: The project included a formative qualitative research study was based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore the determinants for inappropriate prescription of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis at an orthopaedic unit. The intervention was developed to following the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) in a knowledge co-production workshop with infection prevention and control experts that ensured that the theory based intervention was a culturally acceptable, practical and implementable intervention. Results: The prescription of surgical prophylaxis was influenced by five TDF domains including, knowledge, belief in consequences (mistrust towards infection prevention and control measures), environmental factors (lack of prescription guidelines) , professional role and reinforcement (a lack of appropriate follow up actions influenced prescription of surgical prophylaxis). The appropriate set of behaviour change functions of BCW and related activities to improve the current practices included education, enablement, persuasion, environmental restructuring and restriction. Conclusions The study showed that a theory based and context specific intervention can be created by using the TDF and BCW together with knowledge-co creation to improve the prescription of surgical prophylaxis in and Egyptian orthopaedic unit. The intervention need to piloted and scaled up.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1568132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-François Rousseau ◽  
Myriam El Khoury-Malhame ◽  
Emmanuelle Reynaud ◽  
Sarah Boukezzi ◽  
Aïda Cancel ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Rinki Saha ◽  
Martin Kriebel ◽  
Rachel Anunu ◽  
Hansjuergen Volkmer ◽  
Gal Richter‐Levin

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