scholarly journals Action Observation Network activity related to object-directed and socially-directed actions in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Lesourd ◽  
Alia Afyouni ◽  
Franziska Geringswald ◽  
Fabien Cignetti ◽  
Lisa Raoul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
The Social

AbstractThe Action Observation Network (AON) encompasses brain areas consistently engaged when we observe other’s actions. Although the core nodes of the AON are present from childhood, it is not known to what extent they are sensitive to different action features during development. As social cognitive abilities continue to mature during adolescence, the AON response to socially-oriented actions, but not to object-related actions, may differ in adolescents and adults. To test this hypothesis, we scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 28 typically-developing teenagers and 25 adults while they passively watched videos of hand actions varying along two dimensions: sociality (i.e. directed towards another person or not) and transitivity (i.e. involving an object or not). We found that observing actions recruited the same fronto-parietal and occipito-temporal regions in adults and adolescents. The modulation of voxelwise activity by the social or transitive nature of the action was similar in both groups of participants. Multivariate pattern analysis, however, revealed that the accuracy in decoding the social dimension from the brain activity patterns, increased with age in lateral occipital and parietal regions, known to be involved in semantic representations of actions, as well as in posterior superior temporal sulcus, a region commonly associated with perception of high level features necessary for social perception. Change in decoding the transitive dimension was observed only in the latter region. These findings indicate that the representation of others’ actions, and in particular their social dimensions, in the adolescent AON is still not as robust as in adults.Significance statementThe activity of the action observation network in the human brain is modulated according to the purpose of the observed action, in particular the extent to which it involves interaction with an object or another person. How this conceptual representation of actions is implemented during development is largely unknown. Here, using multivoxel pattern analysis of fMRI data, we discovered that, while the action observation network is in place in adolescence, the fine-grain organization of its posterior regions is less robust than in adults to decode the social or transitive dimensions of an action. This finding highlights the late maturation of social processing in the human brain.

scholarly journals A Role for the Action Observation Network in Apraxia After Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Pizzamiglio ◽  
Zuo Zhang ◽  
James Kolasinski ◽  
Jane M. Riddoch ◽  
Richard E. Passingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Observation ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network

PROTESTANT ENVIRONMENT OF UKRAINE: IN SEARCH OF RELIGIOUS TYPOLOGIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ALLUKRAINIAN UNION OF CHURCHES OF EVANGELICAL CHRISTIAN BAPTISTS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
Ivan Kunderenko
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nonviolent Resistance ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Groups

Applying the typology of R. Niebuhr to the Protestant environment of Ukraine is nearly impossible, because despite the preserved faith statements, the level of involvement of Protestants in Ukrainian society has changed significantly. Thus, the usual classification is not efficient due to the dynamics of the social dimension of Protestants and the background of theological conservatism. Author agrees with the proposed paradigm of D. Hollinger, that in any interaction with society there are two dimensions, in the middle of which we can make a certain ranking. The impact can be individual or structural, as well as reactionary or preventive. The following vectors have become especially common among Protestants: 1. Christian relief; 2. Creating alternative Christian institutions; 3. Evangelism, not just a method to introduce beliefs to others, but also as a vehicle of structural changes in society; 4. Prophetic proclamation as a way to react on existing negative trends; 5. Political lobbying with an attempt to prevent the adoption of certain bills, or vice versa, their promotion; 6. Creation of political parties or political groups; 7. Nonviolent resistance; 8. The practice of Christian incarnation as a manifestation of faithfulness to God with the understanding that the attainability of ethical standards is possible only within the Christian community; 9. Individual impact with understanding that Christians hold views and moral (ethical) principles that differ from secular society, however Christians apply those principles, within and outside boundaries of Christendom.

Dangerousness and mental disease in France: From stigmatization to prevention process

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 538-538
Author(s):  
C. Gheorghiev ◽  
B. Lahutte ◽  
H. Boisseaux
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
French Studies ◽  
Violent Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

IntroductionAlthough in close and old connections with psychiatry, dangerousness exceeds psychiatric field because of its transversal feature. By involving a potential attack of others’ integrity, dangerousness implies a social dimension.ObjectiveThe aim was to study social representations of mental disease, which are dominated by the specter of dangerousness and lead to its stigmatization, in order to outline a prevention prospect.MethodThe method was based on a review of literature of main French studies of social representations of mental disorder and mechanisms which lead to its stigmatization.ResultsThe representations of psychiatry in general population are homogeneous and consensual, organized around the figure of the « mad », the « mentally ill » and the « depressive people ». Madness and mental disease are associated with the most violent behaviors and the use of psychoactive drugs. Two dimensions appear in the representation of the dangerous individual, one linked to a trained aggressiveness, the second to an impulsive aggressiveness, confirming the validity of the usual distinction between criminological and psychiatric dangerousness. Three main data are at the source of stigmatization : the fear of what is discerned like a threat, the anomaly through the difference which is carried, and the social regulation.ConclusionThe struggle against mental disease stigmatization can be part of a prevention process allowing through the rehabilitation of the patient in the society the performance of a care which exceeds the simple treatment of the disorder.

Activity in the action observation network enhances emotion regulation during observation of risk-taking: an fMRI study

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuki Tamura ◽  
Yoshiya Moriguchi ◽  
Shigekazu Higuchi ◽  
Akiko Hida ◽  
Minori Enomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Development of the action observation network during early adolescence: a longitudinal study

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Shaw ◽  
Marie-Helene Grosbras ◽  
Gabriel Leonard ◽  
G. Bruce Pike ◽  
Tomáš Paus
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network

scholarly journals Object Presence Modulates Activity within the Somatosensory Component of the Action Observation Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 668-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Turella ◽  
Federico Tubaldi ◽  
Michael Erb ◽  
Wolfgang Grodd ◽  
Umberto Castiello
Keyword(s):  
Action Observation ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network

scholarly journals Largely shared neural codes for biological and nonbiological observed movements but not for executed actions in monkey premotor areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Albertini ◽  
Marco Lanzilotto ◽  
Monica Maranesi ◽  
Luca Bonini
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Neural Codes ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Premotor Areas

The neural processing of others' observed actions recruits a large network of brain regions (the action observation network, AON), in which frontal motor areas are thought to play a crucial role. Since the discovery of mirror neurons (MNs) in the ventral premotor cortex, it has been assumed that their activation was conditional upon the presentation of biological rather than nonbiological motion stimuli, supporting a form of direct visuomotor matching. Nonetheless, nonbiological observed movements have rarely been used as control stimuli to evaluate visual specificity, thereby leaving the issue of similarity among neural codes for executed actions and biological or nonbiological observed movements unresolved. Here, we addressed this issue by recording from two nodes of the AON that are attracting increasing interest, namely the ventro-rostral part of the dorsal premotor area F2 and the mesial pre-supplementary motor area F6 of macaques while they 1) executed a reaching-grasping task, 2) observed an experimenter performing the task, and 3) observed a nonbiological effector moving in the same context. Our findings revealed stronger neuronal responses to the observation of biological than nonbiological movement, but biological and nonbiological visual stimuli produced highly similar neural dynamics and relied on largely shared neural codes, which in turn remarkably differed from those associated with executed actions. These results indicate that, in highly familiar contexts, visuo-motor remapping processes in premotor areas hosting MNs are more complex and flexible than predicted by a direct visuomotor matching hypothesis.

scholarly journals Cerebellar Engagement in an Action Observation Network

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Sokolov ◽  
A. Gharabaghi ◽  
M. S. Tatagiba ◽  
M. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Action Observation ◽  
Action Observation Network ◽  
Observation Network
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