scholarly journals Multiple modulation synthesis with high spatial resolution for noninvasive deep neurostimulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoqin Xiao ◽  
Xiaozheng Lai ◽  
Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Division Frequency ◽  
Time Division

ABSTRACTNoninvasive neurostimulation plays a pivotal role in direct control of neural circuit and modulating neuronal function. However, it is difficult to balance both spatial focality and depth of penetration in stimulating deep neurons. Here, we designed time-division, frequency & polarity modulation synthesis (TMFPMS) for stimulating deep neurons noninvasively with low-frequency envelope. We demonstrated its spatial resolution: mm-level via computational simulation including finite element analysis and Hodgkin-Huxley action potential model. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that TMFPMS neurostimulation with high spatial resolution is steerable and may replace traditional implanted electrode.

Imaging the Solar Corona during the 2015 March 20 Eclipse using LOFAR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoife Maria Ryan ◽  
Peter T. Gallagher ◽  
Eoin P. Carley ◽  
Diana E. Morosan ◽  
Michiel A. Brentjens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Angular Width ◽  
Interferometric Imaging ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Point Spread ◽  
Spread Function

<p>The solar corona is a highly-structured plasma which reaches temperatures of more than ~2MK. At low radio frequencies (≤ 400 MHz), scattering and refraction of electromagnetic waves are thought to broaden sources to several arcminutes. However, exactly how source size relates to scattering due to turbulence is still subject to investigation. This is mainly due to the lack of high spatial resolution observations of the solar corona at low frequencies. Here, we use the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to observe the solar corona at 120-180 MHz using baselines of up to ~3.5 km (~1--2’) during a partial solar eclipse of 2015 March 20. We use a lunar de-occultation technique to achieve higher spatial resolution than that attainable via traditional interferometric imaging. This provides a means of studying source sizes in the corona that are smaller than the angular width of the interferometric point spread function. </p>

High spatial resolution trace element analysis by LA-ICP-MS using a novel ablation cell for multiple or large samples

2011 ◽  
Vol 307 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias B. Fricker ◽  
Daniel Kutscher ◽  
Beat Aeschlimann ◽  
Jakob Frommer ◽  
Rolf Dietiker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Icp Ms

scholarly journals Addressing Accurate Trace Element Analysis at High Spatial Resolution in EPMA

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. 576-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jercinovic ◽  
M Williams ◽  
J Allaz ◽  
J Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.

High spatial resolution AEM observations of yttrium segregation in chromia scales grown on Co-45%Cr

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 518-519
Author(s):  
K. Przybylski ◽  
A. J. Garratt-Reed ◽  
G. J. Yurek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Reactive Elements ◽  
Chromia Scales

The addition of so-called “reactive” elements such as yttrium to alloys is known to enhance the protective nature of Cr2O3 or Al2O3 scales. However, the mechanism by which this enhancement is achieved remains unclear. An A.E.M. study has been performed of scales grown at 1000°C for 25 hr. in pure O2 on Co-45%Cr implanted at 70 keV with 2x1016 atoms/cm2 of yttrium. In the unoxidized alloys it was calculated that the maximum concentration of Y was 13.9 wt% at a depth of about 17 nm. SIMS results showed that in the scale the yttrium remained near the outer surface.

Integration of Core-Edge Spectroscopy Methods for the Study of Polymers

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
E. G. Rightor
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Core Electron ◽  
Bulk Solids ◽  
Development Application

Core edge spectroscopy methods are versatile tools for investigating a wide variety of materials. They can be used to probe the electronic states of materials in bulk solids, on surfaces, or in the gas phase. This family of methods involves promoting an inner shell (core) electron to an excited state and recording either the primary excitation or secondary decay of the excited state. The techniques are complimentary and have different strengths and limitations for studying challenging aspects of materials. The need to identify components in polymers or polymer blends at high spatial resolution has driven development, application, and integration of results from several of these methods.

High spatial-resolution reflectivity and fluorescence mapping of multilayers using a sub-micrometer focused synchrotron X-ray beam

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
T. Bigault ◽  
E. Ziegler ◽  
Ch. Morawe ◽  
W. Ludwig ◽  
R. Soufli
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
X Ray

Color Hologram Generation Using High Spatial Resolution Camera

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. J108-J115
Author(s):  
Kosuke Nomura ◽  
Ryutaro Oi ◽  
Takanori Senoh ◽  
Taiichiro Kurita ◽  
Takayuki Hamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution

Quantitatively Evaluating Indexes for Object-based Segmentation of High Spatial Resolution Image

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo WU ◽  
Shanshan LIN ◽  
Guijun ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution Image ◽  
Resolution Image ◽  
Object Based
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