scholarly journals ICONIC MANAKINS AND DESPICABLE GRACKLES: COMPARING BIRD-RELATED CULTURAL ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ACROSS BIRDWATCHERS, FARMERS, AND URBANITES IN NORTHWESTERN COSTA RICA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Echeverri ◽  
Robin Naidoo ◽  
Daniel S. Karp ◽  
Kai M.A. Chan ◽  
Jiaying Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Negative Feelings

AbstractDespite the great cultural and economic benefits associated with birdwatching and other bird-related cultural ecosystem services (CES), little is known about the bird-related CES perceived by people, and how they differ across stakeholder groups and species. The goal of this study was to explore CES across three stakeholder groups in northwestern Costa Rica. We conducted surveys (n=404 total) in which we presented farmers (n=140), urbanites (n=149), and birdwatchers (n=115) with pictures and songs of bird species and collected participants’ ratings on items designed to measure multiple CES. We found bird-related CES were perceived as six different constructs: identity, bequest, education, birdwatching, acoustic aesthetic, and disservices. The three stakeholder groups varied across these constructs and across species. Specifically, birdwatchers ranked species higher in terms of their education scores and lower in disservices scores compared to the other two groups. Positive correlations across CES, and negative correlations with disservices, suggest that the affect heuristic (by which generalized positive or negative feelings sway judgements of risks and benefits) might be informing bird-related CES. Our approach represents a novel method for assessing CES that can be adapted and modified for different taxa and multiple geographical contexts.

scholarly journals Iconic manakins and despicable grackles: Comparing cultural ecosystem services and disservices across stakeholders in Costa Rica

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 105454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Echeverri ◽  
Robin Naidoo ◽  
Daniel S. Karp ◽  
Kai M.A. Chan ◽  
Jiaying Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services

scholarly journals “It’s All about the Scenery”: Tourists’ Perceptions of Cultural Ecosystem Services in the Lofoten Islands, Norway

ARCTIC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bjørn P. Kaltenborn ◽  
Eivind F. Kaltenborn ◽  
John D.C. Linnell
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Lofoten Islands ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
International Visitors ◽  
Depth Interviews

The Lofoten Islands in northern Norway face challenges from increasing visitor numbers, congestion, environmental impacts, and growing host-visitor tensions. Benefits include increased local employment and growing revenues. Future tourism policy requires better documentation of the non-economic benefits and values associated with tourism in Lofoten; this information is important to the development of policy and management processes. We conducted 45 in-depth interviews with domestic and international visitors, using the cultural ecosystem services (ES) framework to ascertain the core elements of the tourism experience, as well as views on management needs and development. We probed reflections on place, aesthetics, recreational opportunities, inspiration, social relations, cultural heritage, knowledge, spirituality, and identity by offering a combination of statements and questions. All these categories of cultural ES were important to most visitors. However, the importance of the landscape was paramount. Policy implications include the need to include landscape in ES assessments, to map places of especially high scenic value, and to use the ES framework more extensively to identify and compare non-economic and economic tourism values and benefits.

scholarly journals Flow of Economic Benefits From Coral Reefs in a Multi-Use Caribbean Marine Protected Area Using Network Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francoise Cavada-Blanco ◽  
Aldo Cróquer ◽  
Edgard Yerena ◽  
Jon P. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ecological Trap ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Regulation Services

Adaptation to changes in the delivery of ecosystem services while maintaining resilience of natural systems is one of the main challenges faced by multi-use marine protected areas (MPAs). To overcome this, it is crucial to improve our understanding of interdependencies among resource users and ecosystems. In this study we used networks to model the socio-ecological system of a multi-use MPA in the southern Caribbean. Using a mixed-method approach, we built a socio ecological network (SEN) from the flow of economic benefits that stakeholders obtain from coral reefs in Los Roques National Park. We specifically looked at how these benefits are distributed among stakeholder groups and how the structure and other network properties can inform management. For this, four networks (simple, weighted, directed and directed-weighted) were built from 125 nodes representing three services and six stakeholder groups, linked through 475 edges. The SEN structure indicated an open resource use pattern with reduced social capital, suggesting that community-based management could be challenging. Only 31% of the benefits from ecosystem services stay within the SEN. Regulation services, derived from the coral reef framework were the most important in terms of maintaining the flow of benefits through the SEN; however, most benefits depended on provisioning services. This approach, based on network theory allowed identification of inequalities in the access to benefits among groups, externalities in benefits derived from fisheries and trade-offs between provisioning and regulation services. Our results suggest that Los Roques might be falling into a socio-ecological trap. Improving access to benefits and increasing trust need be prioritized. Low-cost management intervention can help internalize financial benefits and reduce trade-offs affecting more vulnerable stakeholder groups. However, these would require changes in governance and institutions at the executive level.

Enriching social media data allows a more robust representation of cultural ecosystem services

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 101328
Author(s):  
Nathan Fox ◽  
Laura J. Graham ◽  
Felix Eigenbrod ◽  
James M. Bullock ◽  
Katherine E. Parks
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Robust Representation ◽  
Media Data

scholarly journals Improving the knowledge of plant potential biodiversity-ecosystem services links using maps at the regional level in Southern Patagonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamina Micaela Rosas ◽  
Pablo L. Peri ◽  
María Vanessa Lencinas ◽  
Romina Lasagno ◽  
Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Southern Patagonia

Abstract Background Biodiversity supports multiple ecosystem services, whereas species loss endangers the provision of many services and affects ecosystem resilience and resistance capacity. The increase of remote sensing techniques allows to estimate biodiversity and ecosystem services supply at the landscape level in areas with low available data (e.g. Southern Patagonia). This paper evaluates the potential biodiversity and how it links with ecosystem services, based on vascular plant species across eight ecological areas. We also evaluated the habitat plant requirements and their relation with natural gradients. A total of 977 plots were used to develop habitat suitability maps based on an environmental niche factor analysis of 15 more important indicator species for each ecological area (n = 53 species) using 40 explanatory variables. Finally, these maps were combined into a single potential biodiversity map, which was linked with environmental variables and ecosystem services supply. For comparisons, data were extracted and compared through analyses of variance. Results The plant habitat requirements varied greatly among the different ecological areas, and it was possible to define groups according to its specialization and marginality indexes. The potential biodiversity map allowed us to detect coldspots in the western mountains and hotspots in southern and eastern areas. Higher biodiversity was associated to higher temperatures and normalized difference vegetation index, while lower biodiversity was related to elevation and rainfall. Potential biodiversity was closely associated with supporting and provisioning ecosystem services in shrublands and grasslands in the humid steppe, while the lowest values were related to cultural ecosystem services in Nothofagus forests. Conclusions The present study showed that plant species present remarkable differences in spatial distributions and ecological requirements, being a useful proxy for potential biodiversity modelling. Potential biodiversity values change across ecological areas allowing to identify hotspots and coldspots, a useful tool for landscape management and conservation strategies. In addition, links with ecosystem services detect potential synergies and trade-offs, where areas with the lowest potential biodiversity are related to cultural ecosystem services (e.g. aesthetic values) and areas with the greatest potential biodiversity showed threats related to productive activities (e.g. livestock).

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