scholarly journals Electric-induced reversal of morphogenesis inHydra

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erez Braun ◽  
Hillel Ori
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Central Component ◽  
External Fields ◽  
Critical Amplitude ◽  
Calcium Activity ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

ABSTRACTMorphogenesis involves the dynamic interplay of biochemical, mechanical and electrical processes. Here we ask: to what extent can the course of morphogenesis be modulated and controlled by an external electric field? We show that above a critical amplitude, an external electric field can halt morphogenesis inHydraregeneration. Moreover, above this critical amplitude, the electric field can even lead to reversal dynamics: a fully developedHydrafolds back into its incipient spheroid morphology. The potential to renew morphogenesis is re-exposed when the field is reduced back to amplitudes below criticality. These dynamics are accompanied by modulations of theWnt3activity, a central component of the head organizer inHydra. Reversal of morphogenesis is shown to be triggered by enhanced epithelial electrical excitations, accompanied by intensified calcium activity, indicating that electrical processes play an instructive role to a level that can direct developmental trajectories. Reversal of morphogenesis by external fields, calls for extending its framework beyond programmatic, forward-driven, hierarchical processes.

Quantum Statistical Derivation of Rate Equations for Electronic Processes in Polar Crystals with External Electric Field

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1121-1135
Author(s):  
H. Stumpf ◽  
W. Kleih
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Conduction Band ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Impurity Center ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
External Fields ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Polar Crystal ◽  
Reaction Equations

Abstract Applying the Nakajima-Zwanzig method to the von Neumann equation of a system of interacting electrons and nuclei, etc., and evaluating the Pauli-Master equation according to Rieckers-Stumpf, we obtain a system of reaction equations for electron-phonon-photon processes in a polar crystal. Further elaboration of these reaction equations leads to rate equations for electrons which include impurity center processes as well as conduction band processes in an external electric field. If the conduction band processes run faster than the other processes, the rate equations can be reduced to a Boltzmann equation with drift term for the conduction electrons, coupled to rate equations for impurity center electrons where the number of conduction electrons must not be conserved. Furthermore, the basic problem of electronic state formation in external fields is discussed, the corresponding interaction terms are derived and a functional for the calculation of "bound" states in external fields is given.

Time-resolved X-ray reciprocal space mapping of the crystal under external electric field

2018 ◽  
Vol 189 (02) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita V. Marchenkov ◽  
Anton G. Kulikov ◽  
Ivan I. Atknin ◽  
Arsen A. Petrenko ◽  
Alexander E. Blagov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Space Mapping ◽  
Reciprocal Space ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

2D Few Cycle Optical Pulses in Silicene in the Presence of External Electric Field

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 03044-1-03044-3
Author(s):  
M. B. Belonenko ◽  
◽  
N. N. Konobeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Optical Pulses

Density Functional Theory Study of Antioxidant Adsorption onto Single- Wall Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Design of New Antioxidant Delivery Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 470-482
Author(s):  
Samereh Ghazanfary ◽  
Fatemeh Oroojalian ◽  
Rezvan Yazdian-Robati ◽  
Mehdi Dadmehr ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Boron Nitride Nanotubes ◽  
Functional Theory

Background: Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNTs) have recently emerged as an interesting field of study, because they could be used for the realization of developed, integrated and compact nanostructures to be formulated. BNNTs with similar surface morphology, alternating B and N atoms completely substitute for C atoms in a graphitic-like sheet with nearly no alterations in atomic spacing, with uniformity in dispersion in the solution, and readily applicable in biomedical applications with no obvious toxicity. Also demonstrating a good cell interaction and cell targeting. Aim and Objective: With a purpose of increasing the field of BNNT for drug delivery, a theoretical investigation of the interaction of Melatonin, Vitamin C, Glutathione and lipoic acid antioxidants using (9, 0) zigzag BNNTs is shown using density functional theory. Methods: The geometries corresponding to Melatonin, Vitamin C, Glutathione and lipoic acid and BNNT with different lengths were individually optimized with the DMOL3 program at the LDA/ DNP (fine) level of theory. Results: In the presence of external electric field Melatonin, Vitamin C, Glutathione and lipoic acid could be absorbed considerably on BNNT with lengths 22 and 29 Å, as the adsorption energy values in the presence of external electric field are considerably increased. Conclusion: The external electric field is an appropriate technique for adsorbing and storing antioxidants on BNNTs. Moreover, it is believed that applying the external electric field may be a proper method for controlling release rate of drugs.

Structure and Reactivity of Selected Pyrimidine and Purine Bases in the External Electric Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Józef Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Tomasik ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Purine Bases

Photodiodes based on MAPbBr3/Bi3+ doped MAPbCl3 single crystals heterojunction for X-ray detection

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhu Pan ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Jingda Zhao ◽  
Yubing Xu ◽  
Yuwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
High Performance ◽  
X Ray

Perovskites single crystals (PSCs) could be used to made high performance photoelectric detectors due to its superior optoelectronic characteristics. Generally, external electric field need to be applied in the PSCs-based...

Wettability of cellulose surfaces under the influence of an external electric field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Kumar Karna ◽  
Jakob Wohlert ◽  
Anna Lidén ◽  
Tuve Mattsson ◽  
Hans Theliander
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field
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