Intracellular Medium

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (9) ◽  
pp. pdb.rec079012-pdb.rec079012
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Medium

Investigation of liposomes as agents for the supply of antibiotics to the intracellular medium of the organism and the focus of infectious inflammation

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 616-619
Author(s):  
A. E. Gulyaev ◽  
G. Ya. Kivman ◽  
L. V. Gubenko ◽  
B. A. Ermekbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Medium

In vivo and in vitro depolymerizations of intracellular medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates produced by Pseudomonas putida Bet001

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 824-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nor Syairah Anis ◽  
Mohamad Suffian Mohamad Annuar ◽  
Khanom Simarani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Medium Chain Length ◽  
Intracellular Medium

scholarly journals Purinergic Signaling in Neuroinflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12895
Author(s):  
Dmitry Aminin ◽  
Peter Illes
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Purinergic Signaling ◽  
Intracellular Medium

ATP is stored in millimolar concentrations within the intracellular medium but may be released to extracellular sites either through the damaged plasma membrane or by means of various transporters [...]

Significance of Intracellular Medium for Ántimycobacterial Activity of some Pyrazin-2-Carbonic Acid Derivatives

Chemotherapy ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Soloviev ◽  
E.P. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Intracellular Medium

Water and nonelectrolyte permeability of isolated rat hepatocytes

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. C872-C882 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Alpini ◽  
R. A. Garrick ◽  
M. J. Jones ◽  
R. Nunes ◽  
N. Tavoloni
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Homogeneous Medium ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Bile Canaliculus ◽  
Isolated Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Permeability Coefficients ◽  
Diffusive Permeability ◽  
Intracellular Medium ◽  
Tracer Molecules ◽  
Isolated Rat

We have measured the diffusive permeability coefficients of isolated rat hepatocytes to 3H2O, [14C]urea, [14C]erythritol, [14C]mannitol, [3H]sucrose, and [3H]inulin, employing a technique previously developed for erythrocytes (Redwood et al., J. Gen. Physiol 64:706-729, 1974). Diffusion coefficients for the tracer molecules were measured in packed hepatocytes, supernatant fluid, and intracellular medium (lysed hepatocytes) and were calculated assuming one-dimensional semi-infinite diffusion through a homogeneous medium. By applying the series-parallel pathway model, the following permeability coefficients (10(-5) cm/sec) for the hepatocyte plasma membrane were obtained. 3H2O, 98.6 +/- 18.4; [14C]urea, 18.2 +/- 5.3; [14C]erythritol, 4.8 +/- 1.6; [14C]mannitol, 3.1 +/- 1.4; [3H]sucrose, 0; [3H]inulin, 0. These results indicate that isolated rat hepatocytes are highly permeable to water and polar nonelectrolytes, when compared with other transporting epithelia. This relatively high cellular permeability is consistent with a model in which nonelectrolyte permeation is via an aqueous pathway of equivalent pore diameter of 8-12 A. The finding that [14C]erythritol and [14C]mannitol cross the hepatocyte plasma membrane indicates that these molecules enter the bile canaliculus through the transcellular route. Conversely, the failure of [3H]sucrose and [3H]inulin to permeate the hepatocyte in the isolated condition supports the concept that biliary entry of these large carbohydrates, at least that fraction which cannot be accounted for by a vesicular mechanism, must occur via the transjunctional shunt pathway.

scholarly journals Golgi-Disturbing Agents Lead to the Elimination of Intracellular Toxoplasma gondii

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Carvalho ◽  
G. R. Figueiredo ◽  
E. J. T. de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Okadaic Acid ◽  
Golgi Complex ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Brefeldin A ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Parasite Development ◽  
Intracellular Medium

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the genesis of secretory organelles of Toxoplasma gondii and lipid traffic to the vacuole. This study used anti-Golgi agents to demonstrate the importance of Golgi in Toxoplasma development. Monensin, Brefeldin A, Retinoic Acid and Okadaic Acid reduced the infection, leading to parasite elimination. Mon, BFA and RA affected secretory organelles and the Golgi Complex of the parasites, with faster parasite elimination in the presence of Monensin; in addition, the vesicular transit of host cell C6-NBD-ceramide metabolites was interrupted, but the GC of host cells was preserved. Our results suggest that several targets in the secretory pathway are affected in the intracellular Toxoplasma rather than in the host cells, resulting in interruption of parasite development and its elimination from the intracellular medium.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Ions on Protoplast Generation during Yeast Induction from Mucor circinelloides Tieghem

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Omoifo
Keyword(s):  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Proton Release ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Inflection Points ◽  
Intracellular Medium

Mucor circinelloides aerobically exhibits coenocytic thallic growth habit with straight and circinate sporangiophores which culminate in globose or pyriform columellae enclosed within sporangial walls. It undergoes dimorphic switch with its conversion to multipolar budding yeast-like cells or thallic conidia. This paper confirms the induction of plurality of reproductive structures of the pleomorphic microorganism in minimal medium. Furthermore, construction of pH differentials at inflection points in the biphasic profiles during sporangiospore-yeast transformation indicated the intensity of H+ release from intracellular medium of the growing microorganism in a study conducted with K+ levels (0.0, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0,1.10 g/L)-mediated broths. Optimum proton release was at 0.00 and 1.0 g/L K+-supplemented broths, but specific growth rate was least in the latter. It also coincided with a preponderance of neoplastic units, protoplasts, and terminal budding yeast cells. On either side of this K+ level, variation in morphologies, including neoplasts, protoplasts, septate hyphae, thallic, holothallic, and holoblastic conidia, was greater, although olive-green septate hyphae with vesicular conidiogenous apparatus occurred at all K+ levels tested. This study suggested that following the establishment of transmembrane pH gradient across protoplast membrane, operation of Mitchellian proton pump was further promoted, thus leading to active transport mechanism, a prelude to yeast morphology induction.

An intracellular medium formulary

1992 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Medium

Effect of guanine nucleotides on the dark voltage of single frog rods

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Friedrich Schmidt ◽  
Gottfried N. Nöll ◽  
Christian Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Outer Segment ◽  
Patch Clamp Technique ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Free Concentration ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Patch Clamp ◽  
Access Resistance ◽  
Intracellular Medium

AbstractSingle frog rods consisting of the outer segment and the ellipsoid were investigated by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. When the recording pipette was filled with a simple intracellular medium containing potassium as the principal cation, a slow increase in dark voltage (hyperpolarization) associated with a decay of the photoresponses was observed. The hyperpolarization started at a dark voltage of −27 ± 8 mV, followed an exponential course, and leveled out at −52 ± 6 mV. The time constant was proportional to the access resistance of the preparations. With a pipette medium containing a 0.5 or 1.0 μM cGMP, the initial dark voltage was shifted to more positive values and the tendency of hyperpolarization was clearly attenuated. Similar results were obtained with 1 mM GTP. The effects of GDP and of ATP were less significant. In experiments with 1 mM GTP plus 1 mM ATP, the dark voltage behaved as in experiments with only GTP. The stabilizing action of GTP was amplified by EGTA so that with 1 mM GTP plus 1 mM free EGTA the dark voltage was stable at a level of −15 mV. It is concluded that the preparations lose intracellular components such as cGMP and GTP by diffusion into the recording pipette and that the losses are prevented or reduced when the pipette medium contains these nucleotides in nearly physiological concentrations. For the internal transmitter cGMP, the results suggest that its free concentration does not exceed 1 μM.

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