Cactus young cladodes improves unbalanced glycemic control, dyslipidemia, prooxidant/antioxidant stress biomarkers and stimulate lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and paraoxonase activities in young rats after cafeteria diet exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-302
Author(s):  
Hadjera Chekkal ◽  
Nour el Imane Harrat ◽  
Fouad Affane ◽  
Fatima Bensalah ◽  
Sabrine Louala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Hyperlipidic Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Stress

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the protective potential of prickly pear cactus fresh cladodes (opuntia ficus indica (OFI)) on glycemic disorders, dyslipidemia, prooxidant/antioxidant stress biomarkers and reverse cholesterol transport (by evaluating the activity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)) and paraoxonase (PON1) in rats prematurely exposed to cafeteria diet (CD). Design/methodology/approach Sixteen young rats were divided into two groups fed CD containing 50 per cent of hyperlipidic diet (HLD) and 50 per cent of junk food mix supplemented or not with 50 g of fresh young cladodes of OFI to 100 g of CD, during 30 days. Findings OFI cladodes supplementation decreased significantly body weight (p < 0.001), food intake (p < 0.05), adipose tissue weight (p < 0.01), fasting glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin (p < 0.01), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and insulinemia (p < 0.001), levels of cholesterol (C) (p < 0.05) and triacylglycerols (TG) (p < 0.01) in serum and in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL-C p < 0.05 and VLDL-TG p < 0.01) and improves reverse cholesterol transport by increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesteryl-esters concentrations (p < 0.001) and by stimulating LCAT activity. Moreover, they attenuated lipid peroxidation in VLDL and low-density lipoproteins by increasing atheroprotective activity of PON-1 and in liver and adipose tissue by enhancing enzymatic antioxidant defence. Social implications The young cladodes of OFI because of their antiobesity benefits could constitute a novel functional ingredient in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Originality/value Young cladodes of OFI in rat precociously submitted to a hyperlipidic diet/junk food (cafeteria model) seem to prevent metabolic disorders associated with obesity.

scholarly journals MEDI6012: Recombinant Human Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase, High‐Density Lipoprotein, and Low‐Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Mediated Reverse Cholesterol Transport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. George ◽  
Liron Abuhatzira ◽  
Susan M. Stoughton ◽  
Sotirios K. Karathanasis ◽  
Dewei She ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase

Background MEDI6012 is recombinant human lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, the rate‐limiting enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport. Infusions of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase have the potential to enhance reverse cholesterol transport and benefit patients with coronary heart disease. The purpose of this study was to test the safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profile of MEDI6012. Methods and Results This phase 2a double‐blind study randomized 48 subjects with stable coronary heart disease on a statin to a single dose of MEDI6012 or placebo (6:2) (NCT02601560) with ascending doses administered intravenously (24, 80, 240, and 800 mg) and subcutaneously (80 and 600 mg). MEDI6012 demonstrated rates of treatment‐emergent adverse events that were similar to those of placebo. Dose‐dependent increases in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed with area under the concentration‐time curves from 0 to 96 hours of 728, 1640, 3035, and 5318 should be: mg·h/mL in the intravenous dose groups and 422 and 2845 mg·h/mL in the subcutaneous dose groups. Peak mean high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol percent change was 31.4%, 71.4%, 125%, and 177.8% in the intravenous dose groups and 18.3% and 111.2% in the subcutaneous dose groups, and was accompanied by increases in endogenous apoA1 (apolipoprotein A1) and non‐ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 cholesterol efflux capacity. Decreases in apoB (apolipoprotein B) were observed across all dose levels and decreases in atherogenic small low‐density lipoprotein particles by 41%, 88%, and 79% at the 80‐, 240‐, and 800‐mg IV doses, respectively. Conclusions MEDI6012 demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, endogenous apoA1, and non‐ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 cholesterol efflux capacity while reducing the number of atherogenic low‐density lipoprotein particles. These findings are supportive of enhanced reverse cholesterol transport and a functional high‐density lipoprotein phenotype. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02601560.

scholarly journals Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Expression Has Minimal Effects on Macrophage Reverse Cholesterol Transport In Vivo

Circulation ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Tanigawa ◽  
Jeffrey T. Billheimer ◽  
Jun-ichiro Tohyama ◽  
Ilia V. Fuki ◽  
Dominic S. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase

Changes in LPLa and reverse cholesterol transport variables during 24-h postexercise period

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (2) ◽  
pp. E267-E274 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Q. Zhang ◽  
Bryan Smith ◽  
Melissa M. Langdon ◽  
Heidi L. Messimer ◽  
Grace Y. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Sedentary Population ◽  
Exercise Induced

We investigated the time course of exercise-induced lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLa) and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) during the 24-h postexercise period. Subjects were 10 sedentary normolipidemic males [NTG; fasting triglyceride (TG) = 89.1 ± 8.6 mg/dl] and 6 hyperlipidemic males (HTG; fasting TG = 296.8 ± 64.0 mg/dl). Each subject performed a control trial (no exercise) and 4 exercise trials. In the exercise trials, a subject jogged on a treadmill at 60% of his maximal O2 consumption for 1 h. Pre- and postheparin blood samples were taken before exercise (baseline) and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after exercise. There was no group difference in LPLa ( P > 0.05) over the time points. When the LPLa data from the two groups were combined, LPLa at 24 h after exercise was higher than baseline or at 4, 8, 12 h after exercise ( P < 0.05). Plasma TG and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity (LCATa) were higher in HTG than in NTG, and the total high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLtot-Chol) was lower in HTG than in NTG ( P < 0.05). HDL2-Chol, LCATa, and cholesterol ester transfer protein activity did not differ during the 24-h postexercise period ( P > 0.05). These results suggest that LPLa is still increasing 24 h after an acute aerobic exercise and that the magnitude of the increase in exercise-induced LPLa in HTG was similar to that in NTG. Furthermore, in the sedentary population with or without HTG, the variables related to RCT do not change during the 24-h period after exercise.

scholarly journals Effects of Two Hypocaloric Diets Supplemented With White Lupine or Oats on Lipid Peroxidation, Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Paraoxonase Activity in Obese Rat

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fatima Z. Chabane ◽  
Sabrine Louala ◽  
Nabila Boukhari ◽  
Mounia Besbes ◽  
Douja Taleb-Senouci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Lcat Activity ◽  
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Obese Rats

<p>The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two hypocaloric diets supplemented with legume or cereal on hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, serum HDL<sub>2</sub> and HDL<sub>3</sub> composition, lipid peroxidation, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and paraoxonase (PON1) activities in obese rats. Obesity was induced by feeding a high-fat-diet during 3 months. At 400 ± 20 g, the obese rats were divided into three groups (n = 8): two groups were submitted for 28 days to a caloric restriction (CR) at 0.9 MJ supplemented with lupine (CR–Lupine group) or oats (CR–Oats group). The third group was fed a caloric restricted diet without supplementation (CR group). At day 28, glycemia was lower (-21%) in the CR–Oats than the CR group. CR–Oats diet reduced total cholesterol content (-13%) when compared to lupine supplementation. In contrast, CR–Lupine diet decreased serum triacylglycerols by 22% and 15% respectively <em>versus</em> CR–Oats and CR diets. Lipoproteins lipid peroxidation was significantly lower in CR–Lupine and CR–Oats when compared to the CR diet. Serum PON1 activity was increased in CR–Lupine (+88%) and CR–Oats (+82%) groups compared to CR group. Furthermore, LCAT activity was enhanced in CR– Lupine (+23% and +26%, respectively) <em>versus</em> CR and CR–Oats groups. In obese rats, caloric restriction supplemented with lupine compared to oats supplementation has beneficial effect on hypertriglyceridemia and improves reverse cholesterol transport by enhancing LCAT activity leading to anti–atherogenic effects. This effect is partially reinforced by the high HDL PON1 activity which protects it from oxidation.</p>

Reverse cholesterol transport in hypercholesterolemic rats fed different proteins and lipids origins

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bouderbala Shérazède ◽  
Lamri‐Senhadji Myriem ◽  
Boualga Ahmed ◽  
Belleville Jacques ◽  
Prost Josiane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Lcat Activity ◽  
Unesterified Cholesterol ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chick Pea ◽  
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase ◽  
L Proteins

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of different dietary protein and lipid origins on serum HDL2 and HDL3 compositions and lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity in growing rats fed a 0.5 per cent cholesterol‐enriched diet with either 20 per cent casein (C), chick pea (CP) or lentil (L) proteins combined to 10 per cent olive (O) or salmon (S) oil for 28 days.Design/methodology/approachHDL2 and HDL3 separation according to Sjöblom and Eklund and LCAT activity according to Glomset and Wright.FindingsSerum total cholesterol was 1.3‐fold lower in CPS than in CPO group. HDL3 amounts were 2‐ and 1.5‐fold higher in CPO and LO groups, respectively, compared to CO group. HDL3‐unesterified cholesterol values were, respectively, 2‐ and 5‐fold lower in CPO and LO groups than in CO group, and were threefold decreased in CPS and LS groups vs CS group. HDL3‐phospholipids in LO group represented 12 and 51 per cent of the CO and CPO group values, respectively. HDL2‐triacylglycerol amounts were decreased in LO group vs CO group (−67 per cent) and in CPS and LS groups (−62 per cent) compared to CS group. HDL3‐apolipoprotein A‐I values were lower in LO group vs CO and CPO groups, and in CPS group vs CS group. However, LCAT activity was similar in all the studied groups.Originality/valueThe paper shows that when diets containing casein, chick pea or lentil proteins combined with olive or salmon oil are supplemented with cholesterol, HDL2 and HDL3 compositions are impaired despite unchanged LCAT activity. Moreover, if oils modify HDL compositions, dietary proteins play a critical role in these modifications.

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