dietary proteins
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Author(s):  
Tianzhen Xiao ◽  
Tingting Liang ◽  
Dong-Hui Geng ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Liya Liu ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Domoney

Seeds provide humans and farm animals with a rich supply of dietary proteins, fibre, carbohydrates and micronutrients. Natural variation, mutagenesis and advances in genetics and genomics support the development of plant variants which provide better nutrient bioavailability, promote health in consumers and provide advantages to industry. As we consider the adoption of more healthy and sustainable plant-based diets, there is a renewed focus on legume crops which also provide benefits as an essential component of a sustainable agriculture. This article discusses significant compounds that are deposited in the seeds of a major legume crop, pea (Pisum sativum), and the possibilities for changing these using genetic variation.


Author(s):  
Cody Z. Watling ◽  
Rebecca K. Kelly ◽  
Tammy Y.N. Tong ◽  
Carmen Piernas ◽  
Eleanor L. Watts ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
A. N. Kirana ◽  
◽  
E. Prafiantini ◽  
N. S. Hardiany ◽  
◽  
...  

Ageing is a process of declining bodily function and a major risk factor of chronic diseases. The declining bodily function in ageing can cause loss of proteostasis (protein homeostasis), which is a balance between protein synthesis, folding, modification and degradation. For the elderly, adequate protein intake is necessary to prevent sarcopenia, frailty, fracture and osteoporosis as well as reduced resistance to infection. However, increasing the protein intake can enhance the risk of oxidized protein formation, loss of proteostasis and degenerative disorder occurrence. On the other hand, several studies show that protein restriction would increase longevity. The aim of this review was to explain the importance of determining the right amount and composition of protein intake for the elderly. Oxidative stress and molecular mechanism of proteostasis loss in ageing cells as well as its suppression pathway by protein restriction are discussed in this review. Keywords: ageing, dietary proteins, mTOR, oxidative stress, proteostasis loss


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
M. C. Njike ◽  
L. I. Ndife

Two floor feeding trials, involving 1000 broiler chicks fed two different practical-type diets, were conducted in order to determine the methionine and total sulphur amino acid (TSAA) requirements of broiler chicks 0-6 weeks). Two protein levels (20 and 23%) each with an energy concentration of 2800 Kcal ME (kg diet and four supplemental methionine levels (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4%) were tested. At the end of 6 - week feeding period, a common finisher ration was fed to 10 weeks of age. Under our experimental circumstances with dietshaving 23% protein and metabolizable energy of 2800 Kcal ME/kg diet and based on assumed methionine and cystine content of feeding stuff, the quantitative requirement for methionine of broiler chicks up to six weeks of age were about 0.53% diet which is equivalent to 2.3% of the dietary protein (or TSSA of 0.85 per cent diet, that is 3.7 per cent protein). Higher supplemental methionine at this protein and energy levels resulted in deterioration in liveweight gain and slight but non-significant improvement in feed/gain ratio. The rations containing 20% protein performed poorly relative to those containing 23%. Feeding of high quality common finisher rations neutralized the initial gains due to supplemental methionine within each protein levelbut did not offset the gains due to different dietary proteins.


Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3892
Author(s):  
Pierre Letourneau ◽  
Stanislas Bataille ◽  
Philippe Chauveau ◽  
Denis Fouque ◽  
Laetitia Koppe

Nutrition is a cornerstone in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To limit urea generation and accumulation, a global reduction in protein intake is routinely proposed. However, recent evidence has accumulated on the benefits of plant-based diets and plant-derived proteins without a clear understanding of underlying mechanisms. Particularly the roles of some amino acids (AAs) appear to be either deleterious or beneficial on the progression of CKD and its complications. This review outlines recent data on the role of a low protein intake, the plant nature of proteins, and some specific AAs actions on kidney function and metabolic disorders. We will focus on renal hemodynamics, intestinal microbiota, and the production of uremic toxins. Overall, these mechanistic effects are still poorly understood but deserve special attention to understand why low-protein diets provide clinical benefits and to find potential new therapeutic targets in CKD.


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