Investigation of Non-Linear Selection Effect on RRAM based Neuromorphic Computing Array with Passive Selective Element

Author(s):  
Shengyu Bao ◽  
Zongwei Wang ◽  
Yaotian Ling ◽  
Zhizhen Yu ◽  
Yabo Qin ◽  
...  
1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. M. Dekkers ◽  
P. V. Birke ◽  
J. P. Gibson

AbstractA method to obtain linear selection indexes that maximize objectives that involve average profit in one or more generations within a planning horizon based on non-linear profit functions, was derived through application of optimal control theory. The method involves simultaneous optimization of indexes for each generation in the planning horizon. Optimum linear indexes were found to be conform indexes derived from selection index theory, with economic values equal to a weighted sum of partial derivatives of the profit function at the trait means which result in each generation of the planning horizon. Numerical procedures to derive optimum indexes are presented. Methods and properties of alternative strategies for selection witli non-linear profit functions are illustrated for selection on egg weight and rate of lay in poultry. In the example, the additional benefit of selection indexes that maximize cumulative net present value of profit over a planning horizon of10 years was small relative to use of traditional selection procedures. Optimal indexes were also derived with a derivative-free non-linear programming optimizer, with identical results. The latter method also allows incorporation of additional constraints.Possible extensions of the optimal control methodology to address other problems related to optimization of selection over multiple generations are discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-825
Author(s):  
Monique Nouailhetas Simon ◽  
Renata Brandt ◽  
Tiana Kohlsdorf ◽  
Stevan J Arnold

Abstract Traits that interact to perform an ecologically relevant function are expected to be under multivariate non-linear selection. Using the lower jaw morphology as a biomechanical model, we test the hypothesis that lower jaw bones of lizards are subjected to stabilizing and correlational selection, associated with mechanical advantage and maximum bite force. We used three closely related tropidurine species that differ in size, head shape and microhabitat: Eurolophosaurus nanuzae, Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus. We predicted a common pattern of correlational selection on bones that are part of in-levers or part of the out-lever of the lower jaw. The predicted pattern was found in E. nanuzae and T. hispidus, but this could not be shown to be statistically significant. For T. semitaeniatus, we found significant disruptive selection on a contrast involving the surangular, and also significant directional selection on linear combinations of traits in all species. The results indicate that the non-linear selection on lower jaw bones does not reflect an optimum to enhance mechanical advantage in all species. Divergent functional demands and specific ecological contexts of species seem relevant in shaping patterns of selection on morphology.


1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 105-176
Author(s):  
Robert F. Christy

(Ed. note: The custom in these Symposia has been to have a summary-introductory presentation which lasts about 1 to 1.5 hours, during which discussion from the floor is minor and usually directed at technical clarification. The remainder of the session is then devoted to discussion of the whole subject, oriented around the summary-introduction. The preceding session, I-A, at Nice, followed this pattern. Christy suggested that we might experiment in his presentation with a much more informal approach, allowing considerable discussion of the points raised in the summary-introduction during its presentation, with perhaps the entire morning spent in this way, reserving the afternoon session for discussion only. At Varenna, in the Fourth Symposium, several of the summaryintroductory papers presented from the astronomical viewpoint had been so full of concepts unfamiliar to a number of the aerodynamicists-physicists present, that a major part of the following discussion session had been devoted to simply clarifying concepts and then repeating a considerable amount of what had been summarized. So, always looking for alternatives which help to increase the understanding between the different disciplines by introducing clarification of concept as expeditiously as possible, we tried Christy's suggestion. Thus you will find the pattern of the following different from that in session I-A. I am much indebted to Christy for extensive collaboration in editing the resulting combined presentation and discussion. As always, however, I have taken upon myself the responsibility for the final editing, and so all shortcomings are on my head.)


Optimization ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-559
Author(s):  
L. Gerencsér

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