Electrical Stimulation of the Infraorbital Nerve Induces Diving Reflex in a Dose-Controlled Manner

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Shah ◽  
Anup N. Sonti ◽  
Yi-Chen Wu ◽  
Keren Powell ◽  
Mohini Doobay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Infraorbital Nerve ◽  
Diving Reflex ◽  
Stimulation Of

Experimental study of medullary trigeminal evoked potentials: development of a new method of intraoperative monitoring of the medulla oblongata

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Oikawa ◽  
Masato Matsumoto ◽  
Tatsuya Sasaki ◽  
Namio Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Intraoperative Monitoring ◽  
New Method ◽  
Infraorbital Nerve ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lateral Portion ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Stimulation Of

Object. The goal of this study was to develop a new method of intraoperative monitoring of functions located in the lateral portion of the medulla oblongata. Based on the fact that the spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract are located in the lateral portion of the medulla oblongata, the authors intended to investigate the efficacy of trigeminal evoked potentials (TEPs) in intraoperative monitoring for assessing functions of the medulla oblongata.Methods. Trigeminal evoked potentials induced by electrical stimulation of the infraorbital nerve were recorded from the dorsolateral portion of the medulla oblongata (M-TEP) and the cerebral sensory cortex (C-TEP) in dogs. When the lateral one-sixth portion of the medulla was cut, the amplitude of the M-TEP decreased markedly, but the amplitude of the C-TEP and the somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) did not decrease. When the lateral one-third portion of the medulla was cut, the amplitude of the SSEP decreased, but that of the C-TEP showed no change. When the medulla was retracted, the amplitude of the M-TEP was more sensitive than that of SSEP. Pathological examinations revealed that retraction force less than 10 g and a reduction in the amplitude of the M-TEP less than 50% were safe.Conclusions. These results suggest that M-TEPs obtained from the dorsolateral portion of the medulla oblongata by electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve are clinically applicable as a new means of intraoperative monitoring of the functions of the medulla oblongata.

ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL LH CONTENT IN NORMAL, ANDROGEN-STERILIZED AND PROGESTERONE-PRIMED STERILE FEMALE RATS

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Gorski ◽  
Charles A. Barraclough
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Hypothalamic Stimulation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Gland Content ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT We have previously suggested that the failure of the androgen-sterilized, persistent-oestrous rat to ovulate, following electrical stimulation of the median eminence structures of the hypothalamus, is due to an insufficiency in adenohypophyseal LH concentration. Using the ovarian ascorbic acid technique for quantitative determination of pituitary LH content, the present studies have demonstrated that the sterile rat pituitary gland contains one-third the LH content of the normal prooestrous gland. Furthermore, not only does progesterone priming of this persistent-oestrous rat result in a 75 % increase in LH concentration, but on hypothalamic stimulation sufficient LH is released to induce ovulation. The decrease in LH concentration which accompanies ovulation in the progesterone-primed, sterile rat is approximately 45 % of the total gland content as compared with a 51 % decrease in pituitary content in the normal cyclic rat.

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