Impact of non-technical skills on NPP Teams’ performance: Task load effects on communication

A spatial task, taken from the Criterion Task Set (CTS) battery, was used to examine task load effects on a variety of physiological indices. This task had been shown with earlier validation data (reaction time and subjective ratings) to possess three different levels of task load (Shingledecker, 1984). Task event-related evoked potentials (EPs), heart rate and heart rate variability, and eyeblink measures were obtained while ten subjects performed the three levels of the spatial task. The amplitudes of the P2, N2, and P3 of the EPs differentiated between the low task level, and the medium and high. Medium and high did not differentiate. The latencies of the N1, N2, and P3 were shorter for the low task level than for the medium and high. Again, medium and high did not differentiate. The amplitude and latency of the EP components suggest that this task possesses only two levels of information processing complexity. Heart rate and heart rate variability did not differentiate between task levels, only between a no-task baseline and all other levels of the task. Both heart rate indices did show a time-on-task effect, suggesting that these measures are good indicators of overall bodily arousal. None of the eyeblink measures showed sensitivity to any levels of the task.

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Motor theory modulated by task load: Effects of tDCS over the LSTG on connectivity patterns for phonological processing

Journal of Neurolinguistics ◽

10.1016/j.jneuroling.2020.100984 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 100984

Author(s):

Lílian Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

Paul A. Pope ◽

Peter C. Hansen

Keyword(s):

Phonological Processing ◽

Motor Theory ◽

Task Load ◽

Connectivity Patterns ◽

Load Effects

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Origami folding: Memory load effects on acquisition of sequential skills.

10.31234/osf.io/vndzh ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fang Zhao ◽

Robert Gaschler ◽

Anneli Kneschke ◽

Simon Radler ◽

Melanie Gausmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning Curve ◽

Dual Task ◽

Secondary Task ◽

Memory Load ◽

Motor Memory ◽

Secondary Tasks ◽

Task Load ◽

Visuospatial Sketchpad ◽

Load Effects ◽

The Impact

Cognitive and motor memory loads can affect sequential skills. Differentiating the execution and the acquisition of sequential skills, we studied the impact of cognitive or motoric dual-task loads on performance in Origami folding and changes with practice. Participants (N = 53) folded five Origami figures for four times each, which were randomly paired with five types of secondary tasks to cause either cognitive (verbal vs. visuospatial) or motoric (isochronous vs. nonisochronous tapping) memory load or none (control condition). Origami performance showed a typical learning curve from Repetition 1 to Repetition 4. We observed a dissociation between variants of dual-task load influencing Origami folding performance vs. the variants influencing learning (i.e. change in performance across the four repetitions). In particular, the learning of Origami folding was only interfered by the memory load of the cognitive visuospatial secondary task as well as by the isochronous tapping secondary task. This might be due to the use of visuospatial sketchpad and absolute timing mechanism during the acquisition of Origami folding. The performance of Origami folding was moderated by the isochronous tapping secondary task.

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Effects of task type on L2 Mandarin fluency development

Journal of Second Language Studies ◽

10.1075/jsls.00010.wri ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Clare Wright

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

English Learners ◽

Spontaneous Speech ◽

Task Type ◽

Task Demands ◽

Task Load ◽

Task Effects ◽

Load Effects ◽

Oral Development ◽

The Impact

Abstract This study explores task effects on fluency development in second language (L2) Mandarin during study abroad (SA) in China, given linguistic and pedagogic challenges facing western learners of Mandarin (Zhao, 2011). Data from 10 adult English learners of Mandarin were compared pre/post 10 months’ SA in China. Performance was measured in 4 tasks with different task loads (rehearsed vs. spontaneous speech, in monologic and dialogic mode). Significant differences between the rehearsed monologue and other tasks found pre-SA were generally not found after SA. Some differences remained between monologues and dialogues, suggesting that task load effects may override SA impact. Claims about the impact of SA on L2 oral development should take more account of different task demands, to help further illuminate our understanding of how SA may benefit L2 fluency.

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Dual Goals for Speed and Accuracy on the Same Performance Task

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000063 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 118-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olive Emil Wetter ◽

Jürgen Wegge ◽

Klaus Jonas ◽

Klaus-Helmut Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Memory Scanning ◽

Performance Task ◽

Performance Tasks ◽

Trade Off ◽

Test Experiment ◽

Trade Offs ◽

New Finding ◽

Sternberg Paradigm ◽

Speed Accuracy ◽

Speed And Accuracy

In most work contexts, several performance goals coexist, and conflicts between them and trade-offs can occur. Our paper is the first to contrast a dual goal for speed and accuracy with a single goal for speed on the same task. The Sternberg paradigm (Experiment 1, n = 57) and the d2 test (Experiment 2, n = 19) were used as performance tasks. Speed measures and errors revealed in both experiments that dual as well as single goals increase performance by enhancing memory scanning. However, the single speed goal triggered a speed-accuracy trade-off, favoring speed over accuracy, whereas this was not the case with the dual goal. In difficult trials, dual goals slowed down scanning processes again so that errors could be prevented. This new finding is particularly relevant for security domains, where both aspects have to be managed simultaneously.

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Working Memory Capacity and a Notorious Brain Teaser

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169.53.1.123 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 123-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Wim De Neys ◽

Niki Verschueren

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Secondary Task ◽

Working Memory Capacity ◽

Memory Capacity ◽

Task Load ◽

Normative Reasoning ◽

Monty Hall Dilemma ◽

Monty Hall ◽

Memory Resources

Abstract. The Monty Hall Dilemma (MHD) is an intriguing example of the discrepancy between people’s intuitions and normative reasoning. This study examines whether the notorious difficulty of the MHD is associated with limitations in working memory resources. Experiment 1 and 2 examined the link between MHD reasoning and working memory capacity. Experiment 3 tested the role of working memory experimentally by burdening the executive resources with a secondary task. Results showed that participants who solved the MHD correctly had a significantly higher working memory capacity than erroneous responders. Correct responding also decreased under secondary task load. Findings indicate that working memory capacity plays a key role in overcoming salient intuitions and selecting the correct switching response during MHD reasoning.

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