An Assessment of Radiation Hazard Index of Licensed and Illegal Cigarette

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shafiq Najemee Mohd Ariff ◽  
Haslaile Abdullah ◽  
Siti Zura A. Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Radiation Hazard Index

Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and the associated radiological hazards in some building materials from Mayo-Kebbi region, Chad

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Penabei ◽  
D. Bongue ◽  
P. Maleka ◽  
T. Dlamini ◽  
Saïdou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
Radiation Hazard Index

In order to assess the levels of natural radioactivity and the associated radiological hazards in some building materials of the Mayo-Kebbi region (Chad), a total of nineteen samples were collected on the field. Using a high resolution γ-ray spectrometry system, the activity concentrations of radium (226Ra), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) in these samples have been determined. The measured average activity concentrations range from 0.56 ± 0.37 Bq kg−1 to 435 ± 7 Bq kg−1, 1.3 ± 0.6 Bq kg−1 to 50.6 ± 1.1 Bq kg−1 and 4.3 ± 2.0 Bq kg−1 to 840 ± 9 Bq kg−1, for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The highest 226Ra average activities is found in soil brick samples of Zabili. The highest mean value of 232Th and 40K concentrations are found in soil brick samples of Madajang. The activity concentration and the radium equivalent activity (Raeq) have been compared to other studies done elsewhere in the world. Their average values are lower than most of those of countries with which the comparison has been made. Were also evaluated, the external radiation hazard index, the internal radiation hazard index, the indoor air absorbed dose rate, the outdoor air absorbed dose rate, the activity utilization index, the annual effective dose, the annual gonadal dose equivalent, the representative level index, as well as, the excess lifetime cancer risk. In accordance with the criterion of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, our results show that soil brick samples of Zabili and Madajang increases the risk of radiation exposure, thereby the possibility of developing cancer by people living in this environment. Based on these findings, brick samples from Zabili and Madajang are not recommended for construction purposes. All other sample materials have properties that are acceptable for use as building materials in terms of radiation hazard.

scholarly journals A Comparison Study of Radioactivity and Radiation Hazard Index between Legal and Illegal Cigarettes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shafiq Najemee Mohd Ariff ◽  
◽  
Haslaile Abdullah ◽  
Siti Zura A. Jalil ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Illegal Cigarettes ◽  
Radiation Hazard Index

scholarly journals A review: Natural and artificial radionuclides and radiation hazard parameters in the soil of mountain regions in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Branislava Mitrovic ◽  
Dragana Todorovic ◽  
Jelena Ajtic ◽  
Borjana Vranjes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
External Hazard Index ◽  
Hazard Parameters

This review paper discusses the content of natural (40K, 238U, 226Ra, and 232Th) and artificial (137Cs) radionuclides in the soil of the mountains of Maljen, Tara and Kopaonik in the Republic of Serbia over 2002-2015. In addition, the paper gives radiation hazard parameters, i.e., radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index, annual gonadal dose equivalent, and excess lifetime cancer risk outdoors that we calculated from the obtained content of the natural radionuclides in the soil samples. We compared the parameters to previously published results for different parts of the country and looked into the radioecological status of the investigated areas.

scholarly journals Natural radioactivity and radiological hazard of red-clay brick produced in Shangluo, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Sukai Zhuang ◽  
Xinwei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Red Clay Brick

The radiological hazard of building materials originating from clay, rock and other mineral wastes has attracted more attention because they contain natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K). The activity concentration of radionuclides in red-clay brick samples obtained from three different brickyards in Shangluo, China waHs measured. Various indexes, including radium equivalent activities, Raeq, external hazard index, Hex, internal hazard index, Hin, indoor air absorbed dose rate, D, and annual effective dose, AED, of the aforementioned radionuclides in the bricks were used to assess the radiation hazard for people. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were respectively 34.5 ? 1.9, 62.5 ? 2.1, and 713.7 ? 19.8 Bqkg?1 for the studied red-clay bricks. The Raeq values of the red-clay brick samples varied from 167.0 to 184.7 Bqkg?1, which are lower than the limit of 370 Bqkg?1. Moreover, the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in unfired brick, clay and coal were also determined and the results were compared with that in the red-clay brick samples. This study shows that the red-clay bricks produced in Shangluo, China can be used safely in construction industries.

DETERMINATION OF RADON AND NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN SOME BUILDING MATERIALS USED IN IZMIR, TURKEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Daniel Hatungimana ◽  
Caner Taşköprü ◽  
Mutlu İçhedef ◽  
Müslim Murat Saç ◽  
Şemsi Yazıcı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Spectroscopy ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Materials Used

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to determine the radon and natural radioactivity concentrations of some building materials and to assess the radiation hazard associated with those mortar materials when they are used in the construction of dwellings. Radon measurements were realized by using LR-115 Type 2 solid state nuclear track detectors. Radon activity concentrations of these materials were found to vary between 130.00 ± 11.40 and 1604.06 ± 40.5 Bq m−3. The natural radioactivity in selected mortar materials was analyzed by using scintillation gamma spectroscopy. The activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K for the studied mortar materials ranged from ND to 48.5 ± 7.0 Bq kg−1, ND to 41.0 ± 6.4 Bq kg−1 and ND to 720.4 ± 26.8 Bq kg−1, respectively. Radium equivalent activities, external and internal hazard indexes, gamma and alpha indexes and absorbed gamma dose rates were calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in studied samples. The calculated Raeq values of all samples were found to be lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1 set for building materials. The estimated hazard index values were found to be under the unity and the absorbed dose rate values were also below the worldwide average of 84 nGy h−1.

Assessment of Radiological Significance of the Wastes Generated from the Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) Fertilizer Factory, Chittagong, Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Samad ◽  
MI Ali ◽  
D Paul ◽  
SMA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was determined in solid and liquid samples collected from the TSP Fertilizer Factory, Chittagong, Bangladesh. A total of 18 samples of seven different kinds (including liquid and solid wastes) were collected and analyzed by gamma ray spectrometry technique using a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector of 40% relative efficiency. The analysis of the liquid waste samples showed that the average activity concentrations of 226Ra and 232Th were 6.26 ± 0.63 and 10.01 ± 1.39 Bq/L, respectively and no 40K was detected in any of the liquid samples. In the solid waste samples the average value of activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were 187.49 ± 4.88, 70.06 ± 11.76 and 655.94 ± 110.24 Bq/kg, respectively. Considering the stored wastes as a part of the ambient environment of the factory, radium equivalent activity, radiation hazard index and external annual effective dose to the worker and public due to these wastes were also calculated and compared with world average values. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10923 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 79-88, 2012

scholarly journals Physicochemical, mineralogical and radiological properties of red mud samples as secondary raw materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Nenadovic ◽  
Gabor Mucsi ◽  
Ljiljana Kljajevic ◽  
Miljana Mirkovic ◽  
Milos Nenadovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity

The main goal of the presented research was the preliminary investigation of possibility of red mud - Hungarian dump sites Almasfuzito (sample A) and Ajka (sample B) - application as a pigment or as a raw material for use in the construction materials industry. Also, the aim of this work was the characterization of red mud as industrial waste generated by the Bayer process in the aluminum industry - which may cause environmental problems if appropriate treatment is not carried out. The main mineral phases of both red mud are hematite (Fe2O3), calcite (CaCO3), gibbsite (Al(OH)3) and they consists of particles of median particle size 2.1 mm (sample A) and 2.5 mm (sample B) and have a characteristic red color, which was the reason for its testing for use in the industry of building materials as a pigment for standard concrete mixtures. The radionuclides content in the samples was determined by gamma spectrometry, and the radiological hazards originating from 238U, 232Th, 40K in the samples, were assessed through the radium equivalent activity, and the external radiation hazard index. The absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose were calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2010 report and the results are presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Analysing radionuclide content in soil samples and radiological risks in the clayey material surrounding of the “Zbegovi” deposit, Donje Crniljevo, Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
Sreten Ilic ◽  
Tatjana Golubovic ◽  
Natasa Pajic ◽  
Mirjana Djurasevic ◽  
Aleksandar Kandic
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Clayey Material ◽  
The Mean

This paper presents the results of analyses of radionuclide content in the samples of the surrounding soil and clayey material of ?Zbegovi? open-pit mine in Donje Crniljevo, Serbia. Samples from 78 sites were collected and prepared. The activity concentrations were determined for radionuclides: 238U, 232Th, 40K, 226Ra, and 137Cs. The mean values obtained are as follows: 23 Bqkg?1, 89 Bqkg?1, 372 Bqkg?1, 56 Bqkg?1, and 11 Bqkg?1, respectively. Concentrations of 238U, 40K, and 226Ra in the studied area do not deviate from the values obtained for the soil in Serbia. The concentration of 232Th in the studied area is slightly higher relative to average values for soil, and slightly lower compared to similar deposits of clayey material in the world. Measurements performed showed that the open-pit mine of clayey material is completely uncontaminated surface as far as 137Cs is concerned, while there are sites where measured 137Cs concentrations are significantly higher, which is due to topographic differences and inhomogeneous surface contamination of land after the Chernobyl accident. To assess the radiological risks in the observed area, the following indices were determined: absorbed dose rate, annual outdoor effective dose, absorbed dose for biota, excess lifetime cancer risk outdoors as well as external radiation hazard index. The mean value of the estimated absorbed dose rate in the given area amounts to 80.1 nGyh?1, and the annual outdoor effective dose ranges from 46.9 to 134 Sv. Absorbed dose rate for biota in the studied area is 1.31 10?4 Gyd?1. The mean excess lifetime cancer risk outdoors for the population is 3.8 10?4, and t he mean value of the external radiation hazard index obtained in this study is 0.48, which is consistent with the world average. A low dose of radiation will not pose a risk to the population and biota in the studied area.

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