An investigation of key features of atherosclerotic plaques on B-images in comparison with histological patterns to ischemic stroke prediction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Blahuta ◽  
Jakub Skacel ◽  
Petr Cermak
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Key Features

Abstract 2771: Incidence of High Risk Atherosclerotic Lesions in Intracranial and Extracranial Carotid Arteries in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A 3.0T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihai Zhao ◽  
Huilin Zhao ◽  
Feiyu Li ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Ye Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Vascular Beds

Introduction Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in the intracranial and extracranial carotid arteries could trigger ischemic stroke. However, the incidence of high risk atherosclerotic lesions in these vascular beds is not well known. This study sought to investigate the incidence of high risk atherosclerotic lesions in intracranial and extracranial carotid arteries in stroke patients using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Methods Seventy-five patients (mean age 62.7 years, 56 males) with acute ischemic stroke underwent MR imaging for index carotid arteries, assigned as the same side as the brain lesions, with a Philips 3.0T MR scanner. Intracranial carotid MR angiography was performed using 3D TOF sequence with FOV of 23 × 23 cm 2 , matrix of 256 × 256, and a slice thickness of 1mm. The multi-contrast vessel wall images (3D TOF, T1W, T2W, and MP-RAGE) were acquired for extracranial carotid arteries with FOV of 14 × 14 cm 2 , matrix of 256 × 256, and slice thickness of 2 mm. The intracranial artery includes middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and posterior cerebral artery (PCA). The extracranial carotid artery was divided into internal carotid artery (ICA), bulb, and common carotid artery (CCA). Luminal stenosis for each intracranial and extracranial carotid segment was measured and graded (normal or mild = 0-29%, moderate =30-69%, severe=70-99%). Normalized wall index (NWI = wall area/total vessel area × 100%), and presence/absence of calcification, lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and/or fibrous cap rupture in each extracranial carotid segment were determined. Results MCAs developed more severe stenotic lesions (24.6%), followed by extracranial carotids (16.5%), PCAs (5.4%), and ACAs (4.1%) in stroke patients ( Figure 1 A). For extracranial carotid arteries, ICAs showed the largest plaque burden as measured by NWI (44.3%±13.1%), followed by bulbs (39.4%±13%), and CCAs (37%±6.8%). Compared to CCAs, ICAs and bulb regions had more LRNCs (38.4% and 49.3% for ICA and bulb respectively) and IPH and/or rupture (11% and 9.6% for ICA and bulb respectively) ( Figure 1 B). Conclusions In patients with acute ischemic stroke, high risk atherosclerotic plaques can be found in both intracranial and extracranial carotid arteries, particularly in the MCA, ICA and bulb regions. Compared to extracranial carotid arteries, intracranial arteries develop more high risk lesions. The findings of this study suggest the necessity for early screening to detect high risk atherosclerotic lesions in these carotid vascular beds prior to cerebravascular events.

scholarly journals Value of superb micro-vascular imaging in predicting ischemic stroke in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 839-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Bin Yang ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Lan Feng ◽  
Rong Xu ◽  
Ying-Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Vascular Imaging ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques

scholarly journals High Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Increased Plaque Vulnerability of Carotid in Patients With Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 2983-2989
Author(s):  
Min Peng ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Yaqian Xia ◽  
Lei Tao ◽  
Yujing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Vulnerable Plaques ◽  
Ct Attenuation ◽  
Remodeling Index

Background and Purpose: Long-term dietary patterns can influence the intensity of systemic inflammation and, therefore, the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and vulnerability characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke within 7 days of onset were enrolled. DII was calculated from 32 food components with the help of a food frequency questionnaire. Vulnerable plaque was defined as presence of artery positive remodeling (remodeling index >1.1) and low CT attenuation plaques (<35 HU) on carotid arteries by computed tomography angiography. Results: Of the 398 enrolled patients, 144 (36.2%) were detected with vulnerable plaque. Their DII ranged from −4.58 to 4.18. Patients with vulnerable plaques consumed less nutrients with anti-inflammatory properties, less fruits and vegetables (85.6±64.3 versus 94.6±74.4 g/d, P =0.027), and less nuts (5.66±7.14 versus 8.84±15.9 g/d, P =0.024) than patients without vulnerable plaques. Patients with vulnerable plaque had higher DII than patients without vulnerable plaque (−0.26±1.54 versus −0.64±1.53, P =0.018). Logistic regression analysis revealed that DII was associated with vulnerable plaques after adjusted for major confounding factors (odds ratio=1.307; 95% CI, 1.113–1.533). Conclusions: DII is associated with the vulnerability of carotid plaques in patients with ischemic stroke. Considering a possible causal relationship, the mechanisms underlying the association between diet and atherosclerosis warrant further study.

scholarly journals Plasma Osteoprotegerin Correlates with Stroke Severity and the Occurrence of Microembolic Signals in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yanyan Cao ◽  
Congxian Cui ◽  
Hongqin Zhao ◽  
Xudong Pan ◽  
Wenjian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Unstable Plaque ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve

Background. Instability of atherosclerotic plaques is associated with the occurrence of stroke. Microembolic signals (MESs) are an indicator of unstable plaque. A relationship between plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG) and ischemic stroke has already been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma OPG levels have a relationship with MESs and to evaluate the feasibility of OPG as a biomarker of stroke severity and occurrence of MESs. Methods. Our study consisted of 127 patients with large artery atherosclerosis stroke and 56 controls. Patients were classified into subgroups based on stroke severity and the occurrence of MESs. MES-monitoring was performed for 60 min using transcranial Doppler within 72 h of stroke onset. Stroke severity at admission was assessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Results. Plasma OPG levels were significantly associated with stroke, MESs, and stroke severity at admission (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 1.002 [1.001–1.003] p<0.001; 1.002 [1.001–1.003] p=0.001; 1.001 [1.000–1.002] p=0.028). When plasma OPG levels were used to determine the stroke severity, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.734 (95% CI: 0.625-0.843) based on a cutoff value of 1998.44 pg/ml; the sensitivity and specificity of this test were 80.6% and 65.6%, respectively. Furthermore, when the levels of OPG were used to distinguish the presence of MESs, the AUC was 0.766 (95% CI: 0.672-0.860); the cutoff value was 2107.91 pg/ml. The sensitivity of this cutoff value was 68.8% and the specificity was 73.7%. Conclusions. Plasma OPG levels correlate with stroke severity and the occurrence of MESs.

scholarly journals Characterization of Atherosclerosis Formation in a Murine Model of Type IIa Human Familial Hypercholesterolemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiharu Miyajima ◽  
Takayuki Iwaki ◽  
Kazuo Umemura ◽  
Victoria A. Ploplis ◽  
Francis J. Castellino
Keyword(s):  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Very High

A murine genetic model of LDL-cholesterol- (LDL-C-) driven atherosclerosis, based on complete deficiencies of both the LDL-receptor (Ldlr-/-) and key catalytic component of an apolipoprotein B-edisome complex (Apobec1-/-), which converts apoB-100 to apoB-48, has been extensively characterized. These gene deficiencies allow high levels of apoB-100 to be present and inefficiently cleared, thus leading to very high levels of LDL-C in mice on a normal diet. Many key features of atherosclerotic plaques observed in human familial hypercholesterolemia are found in these mice as they are allowed to age through 72 weeks. The general characteristics include the presence of high levels of LDL-C in plasma and macrophage-related fatty streak formation in the aortic tree, which progressively worsens with age. More specifically, plaque found in the aortic sinuses contains a lipid core with relatively high numbers of macrophages and a smooth muscle cell α-actin- and collagen-containing cap, which thins with age. These critical features of plaque progression suggest that the Ldlr-/-/Apobec1-/- mouse line presents a superior model of LDL-C-driven atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Echographic features of the structure of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid ischemic stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Vishnyakova ◽  
A. B. Berdalin ◽  
D. A. Golovin ◽  
S. E. Lelyuk ◽  
V. G. Lelyuk
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques

scholarly journals Virus persistence in atherosclerotic plaques in patients after carotid endarterectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
N.S. Turchina ◽  
T.М. Cherenko ◽  
V.A. Chernyak ◽  
L.V. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Stenosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Symptomatic Stenosis

Objective ‒ to mark the quantity of herpes and flu infection detection of the none-stabil and stabil atherosclerotic (AS) plaques in patients with ischemic stroke (IS)/TIA and with the progressing AS and in the anamnesis after carotid endarterectomy.Materials and methods. 103 patients with IS/TIA after carotid endarterectomy were examined: 67 males 42‒82 years old (average age ‒ 66,1±1,4 years), 36 females 44‒81 years old (average age ‒ 63,0±1,3 years). Average age ‒ 65,1± 0,9 year. We examined the width of intima-media complex, presence of AS plaques, their constitution.Results. Among all viruses investigated with transfection and polymerase chain reaction in AS plaques and blood after carotid endarterectomy (HSV1,2, ЕВV, CMV, HHV6), the most prefer are with CMV and associated CMV + HSV1, CMV + HSV2, where patients, hwo have HHV6 and associated HSV1 + HHV6, HHV6 + HSV1 + HSV2.Conclusions. Presentation of CMV and associated CMV + HSV1, CMV + HSV2 increases the risk of development of the hypoechoic none-stabil AS plaques of internal carotid artery (ICA). Presentation of HHV6 and associated HSV1 + HHV6, HSV1 + HSV2 + HHV6 in AS plaques of ICA increases the relative risk of development of severe stenosis in the patients with symptomatic stenosis. The investigation confirms the necessary of periodical administration at exclusion of the stenosis of ICA.

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