Electric vehicles (EVs) can be regarded as a kind of demand response (DR) resource. Nevertheless, the EVs travel behavior is flexible and random, in addition, their willingness to participate in the DR event is uncertain, they are expected to be managed and utilized by the EV aggregator (EVA). In this perspective, this paper presents a composite methodology that take into account the dynamic road network (DRN) information and fuzzy user participation (FUP) for obtaining spatio-temporal projections of demand response potential from electric vehicles and the electric vehicle aggregator. A dynamic traffic network model taking over the traffic time-varying information is developed by graph theory. The trip chain based on housing travel survey is set up, where Dijkstra algorithm is employed to plan the optimal route of EVs, in order to find the travel distance and travel time of each trip of EVs. To demonstrate the uncertainties of the EVs travel pattern, simulation analysis is conducted using Monte Carlo method. Subsequently, we suggest a fuzzy logic-based approach to uncertainty analysis that starts with investigating EV users’ subjective ability to participate in DR event, and we develop the FUP response mechanism which is constructed by three factors including the remaining dwell time, remaining SOC, and incentive electricity pricing. The FUP is used to calculate the real-time participation level of a single EV. Finally, we take advantage of a simulation example with a coupled 25-node road network and 54-node power distribution system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis