Metal Hydride Fuel Cells, A New and Practical Approach for Backup and Emergency Power Applications

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Fok
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Emergency Power

scholarly journals Hydrogen storage in complex metal hydrides

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borislav Bogdanovic ◽  
Michael Felderhoff ◽  
Guido Streukens
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Materials ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Complex Metal

Complex metal hydrides such as sodium aluminohydride (NaAlH4) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) are solid-state hydrogen-storage materials with high hydrogen capacities. They can be used in combination with fuel cells as a hydrogen source thus enabling longer operation times compared with classical metal hydrides. The most important point for a wide application of these materials is the reversibility under moderate technical conditions. At present, only NaAlH4 has favorable thermodynamic properties and can be employed as a thermally reversible means of hydrogen storage. By contrast, NaBH4 is a typical non-reversible complex metal hydride; it reacts with water to produce hydrogen.

CONCEPT OF THE AUTONOMOUS HYDROGEN FUELLING STATION BASED ON PHOTOVOLTAIC AND METAL-HYDRIDE TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUEL CELL ELECRIC VEHICLE. DEVELOPMENT OF A GENERAL CONCEPT FOR AN AUTONOMOUS HYDROGEN FUELLING STATION WITH METAL HYDRIDE COMPRESSORS FOR VEHICLES ON FUEL CELLS

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Wu Po ◽  
Boris Tymoshevskyy ◽  
Yuriy Halynkin ◽  
Oleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Oleksandr Cherednychenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Charging Time

At present time internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most spread as main and auxiliary ICE for vehicles, vessels, power generation, etc. Their application is associated with low energy efficiency, negative impact on the environment due to high emissions of harmful substances and the use of oil fuels. The vehicles with electric motors are alternative upon to existing ones. There are two modern concepts of the electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles and electric vehicles with fuel cells. The main advantage of the battery electric vehicles is the developed infrastructure of power grids and charging stations, but the charging time is too prolonged (from 20 minutes in the fast charging mode and up to 8…10 hours. Unfortunately the fast mode significantly reduces life cycle of the electric batteries. One of the advanced alternatives is concept of the fuel cell and hydrogen powered vehicles. It exist some problems which limit its wide implementation. There are the following: high cost of hydrogen production, insufficient amount of electricity production and transmission capacity of electric networks for mass charging of electric vehicles. These problems can be solved by creation of the complexes for local hydrogen production by water electrolysis on the base of photovoltaic panels, hydrogen purification and compression on the base of metal-hydride technologies and hydrogen storage in ultra-light-weight high pressure thanks on the base of reinforced with carbon nanotubes or composite materials. Implementation of this concept will allow to get rid of disadvantages which are inherent in vehicles with electrical batteries. The most of these are the following: high mass and cost, limited run distance and long charging time, short life cycle and recycling batteries pollution. The charging duration of hydrogen high pressure tanks is 5...15 min and is comparable with the ICE diesel/gasoline fueling terms and conditions. One of the main obstacles to expanding vehicles on fuel cells is the deficit of hydrogen and its filling stations. At present it is known a number of solutions for the creation of hydrogen fueling. However, today there is no single standard solution for hydrogen charging. Until today, vehicles running on hydrogen (both fuel cells and equipped with ICE that consume hydrogen), several options for its storage are used. There are high pressure tanks with hydrogen gas compressed at 35…70 MPa. Judging by the vehicles technologies and concepts the combination of fuel cells with tanks at 70 MPa will be the most common variant of hydrogen technology promotion in the coming years. In connection with the variety of hydrogen storage options on board vehicles, it is actual to develop autonomous fueling stations with photovoltaic panels for electricity production with following hydrogen production by electrolysis, hydrogen purification and compression by metal-hydride technology and hydrogen storage in super high pressure tanks or metalhydride tanks with the possibility of hydrogen charging at different pressures from 35 MPa up to 150 MPa.

Novel Approaches for the Integration of High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells Into Aircrafts

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Novillo ◽  
Mo´nica Pardo ◽  
Alberto Garci´a-Luis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Emergency Power

Reduced greenhouse gas emissions via improved energy efficiency represents the ultimate challenge for the energy economy of the future. In this context, fuel cells for power generation aboard aircrafts have a promising potential to effectively contribute to the greening of air transportation. They can simplify today’s aircraft comprising electric, pneumatic and hydraulic systems towards a more electric airplane. Although they are not considered in the short term as an alternative propulsion system for commercial aviation, many efforts are being devoted to their use as auxiliary power units and even aiming to build a distributed power network that might alleviate duties of the engine driven generators. In addition they allow new functions as zero emission during taxiing on ground and /or increase safety by replacing the emergency ram air turbine (RAT) by a fuel cell based emergency power generator. The present paper focuses on the effort that Compan˜i´a Espan˜ola de Sistemas Aerona´uticos (CESA) is putting into the development of an aeronautical fuel cell system based on a high temperature PEMFC covering all aspects from fundamental research in materials & processes to final integration concepts as a function of different architectures. A great deal of time and effort has been invested to overcome the challenges of PEM fuel cell operation at high temperatures. Among the advantages of these systems are the enhancement of electrochemical kinetics, simplification of water management and cooling, recovery of wasted heat and the possibility of utilizing reformed hydrogen thanks to higher tolerance to impurities. However, new problems arise with the high temperature concept that must be addressed like structural and chemical degradation of materials at elevated temperatures. One of the aeronautical applications where a fuel cell has an important role to play in the short term is the emergency power unit. Weight and mechanical complexity of traditional ram air turbines could be drastically reduced by the introduction of a hydrogen fueled system. In addition, the output of the fuel cell is aircraft’s speed independent. This means additional power supply in case of emergency allowing a safer landing of the aircraft. However, a RAT replacement must overcome the specific difficulties concerning the very short start-up times allowed and the heating/cooling strategies to quickly raise the temperature to elevated levels and accurately maintaining the optimum operating range once in service.

scholarly journals Development of a Perspective Metal Hydride Energy Accumulation System Based on Fuel Cells for Wind Energetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurii M. Matsevytyi ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Chorna ◽  
Andrii A. Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Energy Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation System

Novel Approaches for the Integration of High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells Into Aircrafts

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Novillo ◽  
Mónica Pardo ◽  
Alberto García-Luis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Emergency Power

Reduced greenhouse gas emissions via improved energy efficiency represent the ultimate challenge for the energy economy of the future. In this context, fuel cells for power generation aboard aircrafts have a promising potential to effectively contribute to the greening of air transportation. They can simplify today’s aircraft comprising electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic systems toward a more electric airplane. Although they are not considered in the short term as an alternative propulsion system for commercial aviation, many efforts are being devoted to their use as auxiliary power units and even aiming to build a distributed power network that might alleviate duties of the engine driven generators. In addition they allow new functions such as zero emission during taxiing on ground and/or increase safety by replacing the emergency ram-air turbine (RAT) by a fuel cell based emergency power generator. The present paper focuses on the effort that Compañía Española de Sistemas Aeronáuticos (CESA) is putting into the development of an aeronautical fuel cell system based on a high-temperature PEMFC covering all aspects from fundamental research in materials and processes to final integration concepts as a function of different architectures. A great deal of time and effort has been invested to overcome the challenges of PEM fuel cell operation at high temperatures. Among the advantages of these systems are the enhancement of electrochemical kinetics, the simplification of water management and cooling, the recovery of wasted heat, and the possibility of utilizing reformed hydrogen thanks to higher tolerance to impurities. However, new problems arise with the high-temperature concept that must be addressed such as structural and chemical degradation of materials at elevated temperatures. One of the aeronautical applications, where a fuel cell has an important role to play in the short term is the emergency power unit. Weight and mechanical complexity of traditional ram-air turbines could be drastically reduced by the introduction of a hydrogen fueled system. In addition, the output of the fuel cell is aircraft’s speed independent. This means additional power supply in case of emergency allowing a safer landing of the aircraft. However, a RAT replacement must overcome the specific difficulties concerning the very short start-up times allowed and the heating/cooling strategies to quickly raise the temperature to elevated levels and accurately maintaining the optimum operating range once in service.

CONCEPT OF THE AUTONOMOUS HYDROGEN FUELLING STATION BASED ON PHOTOVOLTAIC AND METAL-HYDRIDE TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUEL CELL ELECRIC VEHICLE. THE MAIN PRINCIPAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Xu Zhipeng ◽  
Boris Tymoshevskyy ◽  
Yuriy Halynkin ◽  
Oleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Oleksandr Cherednychenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Charging Time

At present time internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most spread as main and auxiliary ICE for vehicles, vessels, power generation, etc. Their application is associated with low energy efficiency, negative impact on the environment due to high emissions of harmful substances and the use of oil fuels. The vehicles with electric motors are alternative upon to existing ones. There are two modern concepts of the electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles and electric vehicles with fuel cells. The main advantage of the battery electric vehicles is the developed infrastructure of power grids and charging stations, but the charging time is too prolonged (from 20 minutes in the fast charging mode and up to 8…10 hours. Unfortunately the fast mode significantly reduces life cycle of the electric batteries. One of the advanced alternatives is concept of the fuel cell and hydrogen powered vehicles. It exist some problems which limit its wide implementation. There are the following: high cost of hydrogen production, insufficient amount of electricity production and transmission capacity of electric networks for mass charging of electric vehicles. These problems can be solved by creation of the complexes for local hydrogen production by water electrolysis on the base of photovoltaic panels, hydrogen purification and compression on the base of metal-hydride technologies and hydrogen storage in ultra-light-weight high pressure thanks on the base of reinforced with carbon nanotubes or composite materials. Implementation of this concept will allow to get rid of disadvantages which are inherent in vehicles with electrical batteries. The most of these are the following: high mass and cost, limited run distance and long charging time, short life cycle and recycling batteries pollution. The charging duration of hydrogen high pressure tanks is 5...15 min and is comparable with the ICE diesel/gasoline fueling terms and conditions. One of the main obstacles to expanding vehicles on fuel cells is the deficit of hydrogen and its filling stations. At present it is known a number of solutions for the creation of hydrogen fueling. However, today there is no single standard solution for hydrogen charging. Until today, vehicles running on hydrogen (both fuel cells and equipped with ICE that consume hydrogen), several options for its storage are used. There are high pressure tanks with hydrogen gas compressed at 35…70 MPa. Judging by the vehicles technologies and concepts the combination of fuel cells with tanks at 70 MPa will be the most common variant of hydrogen technology promotion in the coming years. In connection with the variety of hydrogen storage options on board vehicles, it is actual to develop autonomous fueling stations with photovoltaic panels for electricity production with following hydrogen production by electrolysis, hydrogen purification and compression by metal-hydride technology and hydrogen storage in super high pressure tanks or metalhydride tanks with the possibility of hydrogen charging at different pressures from 35 MPa up to 150 MPa.

Concept of the autonomous hydrogen fuelling station based on photovoltaic and metal-hydride technologies for fuel cell elecric vehicle. Analysis of existing fuelling stations types and vehicles using hydrogen, hydrogen production and storing methods

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Li Tianjing ◽  
Boris Tymoshevskyy ◽  
Yuriy Halynkin ◽  
Oleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Oleksandr Cherednychenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Charging Time

At present time internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most spread as main and auxiliary ICE for vehicles, vessels, power generation, etc. Their application is associated with low energy efficiency, negative impact on the environment due to high emissions of harmful substances and the use of oil fuels. The vehicles with electric motors are alternative upon to existing ones. There are two modern concepts of the electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles and electric vehicles with fuel cells. The main advantage of the battery electric vehicles is the developed infrastructure of power grids and charging stations, but the charging time is too prolonged (from 20 minutes in the fast charging mode and up to 8…10 hours. Unfortunately the fast mode significantly reduces life cycle of the electric batteries. One of the advanced alternatives is concept of the fuel cell and hydrogen powered vehicles. It exist some problems which limit its wide implementation. There are the following: high cost of hydrogen production, insufficient amount of electricity production and transmission capacity of electric networks for mass charging of electric vehicles. These problems can be solved by creation of the complexes for local hydrogen production by water electrolysis on the base of photovoltaic panels, hydrogen purification and compression on the base of metal-hydride technologies and hydrogen storage in ultra-light-weight high pressure thanks on the base of reinforced with carbon nanotubes or composite materials. Implementation of this concept will allow to get rid of disadvantages which are inherent in vehicles with electrical batteries. The most of these are the following: high mass and cost, limited run distance and long charging time, short life cycle and recycling batteries pollution. The charging duration of hydrogen high pressure tanks is 5...15 min and is comparable with the ICE diesel/gasoline fueling terms and conditions. One of the main obstacles to expanding vehicles on fuel cells is the deficit of hydrogen and its filling stations. At present it is known a number of solutions for the creation of hydrogen fueling. However, today there is no single standard solution for hydrogen charging. Until today, vehicles running on hydrogen (both fuel cells and equipped with ICE that consume hydrogen), several options for its storage are used. There are high pressure tanks with hydrogen gas compressed at 35…70 MPa. Judging by the vehicles technologies and concepts the combination of fuel cells with tanks at 70 MPa will be the most common variant of hydrogen technology promotion in the coming years. In connection with the variety of hydrogen storage options on board vehicles, it is actual to develop autonomous fueling stations with photovoltaic panels for electricity production with following hydrogen production by electrolysis, hydrogen purification and compression by metal-hydride technology and hydrogen storage in super high pressure tanks or metalhydride tanks with the possibility of hydrogen charging at different pressures from 35 MPa up to 150 MPa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document