Thermal Study of a Brackich Water Desalination Process using Solar Energy

Currently, 80% of conventional energy is used to fulfill general public's needs andindustries. The depletion of oil and gas reserves and rapid growth in conventional energyconsumption have continuously forced us to discover renewable energy sources, like solar, wind,biomass, and hydropower, to support economic development in the future. Solar energy travels at aspeed of 186,000 miles per second. Only a small part of the radiant energy that the sun emits intospace ever reaches the Earth, but that is more than enough to supply all our energy demand.Indonesia is a tropical country and located in the equator line, so it has an abundant potential ofsolar energy. Most of Indonesian area get enough intensity of solar radiation with the average dailyradiation around 4 kWh/m2. Basically, the solar systems use solar collectors and concentrators forcollecting, storing, and using solar radiation to be applied for the benefit of domestics, commercials,and industrials. Common applications for solar thermal energy used in industry are the SWHs, solardryers, space heating, cooling systems and water desalination.

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Optimized Approach to Water Desalination and Solar Energy Power Production

2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) ◽

10.1109/sysose.2019.8753855 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Pourya Shahmaleki

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Power Production ◽

Water Desalination

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Decision-making method for evaluating solar desalination options: the case of Saudi Arabia

Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management ◽

10.1108/jstpm-03-2019-0032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 343-356

Author(s):

Sa'd Shannak ◽

Malak Alnory

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Water Desalination ◽

Economies Of Scope ◽

Base Case ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Content Type ◽

Desalination Plants ◽

The Impact ◽

Solar Generation

Purpose Solar as an energy source has a massive potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels in Gulf Countries (GC). One attractive application of solar energy is solar-powered desalination, which is a viable method to produce fresh water. The most significant factor determining the potential deployment of this application is economics. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the classical economic analysis model has been modified to assess the penetration of solar technology to power desalination plants at different periods during the project lifetime. Furthermore, the environmental and financial values were combined to assess the incentive of powering desalination plants with solar energy in Saudi Arabia. Three systems of solar technologies accompanied with water desalination based on technical applicability were modeled and economically analyzed to understand the impact of various design and operation parameters. Findings This study shows that PV-RO is currently more competitive at both market and administrated prices in Saudi Arabia, followed by the MED-CSP system and finally CSP-RO system. CSP-RO system starts to generate positive surplus after 11 years, while the base case shows no positive surplus at all during the entire lifetime. Moreover, the same trend continues to hold with MED-CSP and PV-RO systems. The MED-CSP generates positive surplus after six years and PV-RO after five years only. On average, it takes eight years for a project running based on solar (CAPEX and OPEX) and desalination OPEX to generate positive cash surplus. Originality/value This paper discusses the debate about incentives for renewable energy in GC and the impact of coupling water production and solar generation. Given that there is no analytical framework built earlier, this paper provides an alternative methodology for policy analysis to understand the role of economies of scope to incentivize solar generation. In other words, the authors are investigating options to reduce the total cost of solar production as a result of increasing the number of different goods produced.

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Wind and solar energy utilization for seawater desalination and hydrogen production in the coastal areas of southern Iran

Journal of Engineering Design and Technology ◽

10.1108/jedt-06-2019-0154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 1951-1969 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mostafa Rezaei ◽

Ali Mostafaeipour ◽

Niloofar Jafari ◽

Nafiseh Naghdi-Khozani ◽

Ali Moftakharzadeh

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Production Systems ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

Renewable Energies ◽

Water Desalination ◽

Photovoltaic Systems ◽

Seawater Desalination ◽

Content Type

Purpose Acute shortage of potable water and energy supplies is expected to raise in developing countries in the near future. One solid way to address these issues is to exploit renewable energy resources efficiently. Hence, this study aims to investigate wind and solar energy use in the coastal areas of southern Iran for renewable-powered seawater desalination and hydrogen production systems. Design/methodology/approach To accomplish the aforementioned purpose, five areas most prone to the problems in Iran, namely, Mahshahr, Jask and Chabahar ports and Kish and Hormoz islands were scrutinized. To ascertain the amount of wind and solar energy available in the areas, Weibull distribution function, Angstrom–Prescott equation and HOMER software were used. Findings The findings indicated that wind energy density in Kish was 2,014.86 (kWh/m2.yr) and solar energy density in Jask equaled to 2,255.7 (kWh/m2.yr) which possessed the best conditions among the areas under study. Moreover, three commercial wind turbines and three photovoltaic systems were examined for supplying energy needed by the water desalination and hydrogen production systems. The results showed that application of wind turbines with rated power of 660, 750 and 900 kWh in Kish could result in desalting 934,145, 1,263,339 and 2,000,450 (m3/yr) of seawater or producing 14,719, 20,896 and 31,521 (kg/yr) of hydrogen, respectively. Additionally, use of photovoltaic systems with efficiency of %14.4, %17.01 and %21.16 in Jask could desalinate 287, 444 and 464 (m3/yr) of seawater or generate 4.5, 7 and 7.3 (kg/yr) of hydrogen, respectively. Originality/value Compared to the huge extent of water shortage and environmental pollution, there has not been conducted enough studies to obtain broader view regarding use of renewable energies to solve these issues in Iran. Therefore, this study tries to close this gap and to give other developing nations the idea of water desalination and hydrogen production via renewable energies.

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