Effect of varying node mobility in the analysis of black hole attack on MANET reactive routing protocols

Mobility is one of the important issues in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). By definition, MANET nodes are free to move around and this may cause difficulty in routing. MANET routing protocols must consider this factor when making routing decision. Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) is a hybrid routing protocol, which utilizes the proactive and reactive routing protocols advantages. ZRP proactively maintains routing information within a routing zone, while reactively discovering routes to destinations beyond the routing zone. Since ZRP is based on the concept of routing zone, determining an optimum routing zone radius has the major impact on the performance of that protocol. In this research, we studied the effect of zone radius on the performance of ZRP with different levels of node mobility. Node mobility is defined using two different parameters: node speed and pause time. Based on the simulation results, ZRP protocol using zone radius of two provides the best packet delivery fraction, throughput and normalized routing load. However, a larger zone radius will provide a lower delay.

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Implementation of Black hole Attack for Random Mobility for Single and Multiple Connection in MANET

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.c9035.019320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 3299-3302

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Routing Protocols ◽

Ad Hoc Network ◽

Short Range ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽

Black Hole Attack ◽

Temporary Network ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc ◽

Similar Kind

Mobile Ad hoc network is a temporary network. It helps to communicate two or more devices for short range. Routing Protocols are use to establish a communication in MANET. As it is a open network , it has many vulnerabilities from security point. Black hole Attack is one of the major concern in MANET. In this paper, we have implemented Black hole Attack in random mobility environment and analyse its impact on MANET using various parameters for single and multiple connection in MANET. Black hole attack disturbs one of the connection in the network while remaining connection are unaffected. During our analysis, we found that performance result of black hole attack in multiple connection network give a similar kind of output mentioned in various research paper related to gray hole attack, which will make difficult to analysis the type of attack in the network.

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Evaluation of MANET Routing Protocols under Black Hole Attack Using AODV and OLSR in NS3

2018 6th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM) ◽

10.1109/wincom.2018.8629603 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Abdellah Nabou ◽

My Driss Laanaoui ◽

Mohammed Ouzzif

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Routing Protocols ◽

Black Hole Attack ◽

Manet Routing

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Securing ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol against the black hole DoS attack in MANETs

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27905v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rohi Tariq ◽

Sheeraz Ahmed ◽

Raees Shah Sani ◽

Zeeshan Najam ◽

Shahryar Shafique

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Routing Protocols ◽

Ad Hoc Network ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Destination Node ◽

Malicious Node ◽

Black Hole Attack ◽

Important Data ◽

Hop Count ◽

Mobile Ad Hoc

Mobile Ad hoc network is the collection of nodes without having any physical structure involved i.e. access points, routers etc. MANETs are wide-open to similar forms of threats as other wireless mobile communication systems. In Ad-hoc Network nodes performing both as end-points of the communication and routers which makes the Ad-hoc routing protocols further prone towards the security attacks. Black Hole attack is a common security issue encountered in MANET routing protocols. The Black-Hole attack is security attack in which a malicious node imposters themselves as a node with the shortest hop count to the destination node during a packet transmission. A malicious node is capable of disturbing the network with Black Hole attack pretends to have the minimum hop-count route to the destination node (DS). This node responds to all route requests (RREQ) messages in positive and thus catches all the transmission to it. The source node (SN) not knowing the malicious nature of the Black-Hole node thus transmits all the important data. The Black Hole node discards all the important data packets. In this paper a comparatively effective, efficient and easy implemented way for identifying and therefore eluding the attacks of Black-Hole in mobile Ad-hoc networks is presented. The Network Simulator (NS-2) has been used for the implementation of our proposed solution to assess its work in terms of Network Routing load, End-to-End delay and Packet delivery ratio. The results show a considerable improvement in the performance metrics.

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