The Neural Contribution to Passive Joint Movement in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaith J. Androwis ◽  
Richard A. Foulds ◽  
Darine I. Jewaid
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Passive Joint

PS-6-6 Generator mechanisms of proprioception-related SEPs to passive joint movement of middle finger

1995 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. S97
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Mima ◽  
Kiyohito Terada ◽  
Takashi Nagamine ◽  
Akio Ikeda ◽  
Hiroshi Shibasaki
Keyword(s):  
Middle Finger ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Passive Joint

Sensory feedback to ankle plantar flexors is not exaggerated during gait in spastic hemiplegic children with cerebral palsy

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Willerslev-Olsen ◽  
Jacob Buus Andersen ◽  
Thomas Sinkjaer ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Muscle Stiffness ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Stretch Reflexes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Toe Walking

It is still widely believed that exaggerated stretch reflexes and increased muscle tone in ankle plantar flexors contribute to reduced ankle joint movement during gait in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, no study has directly measured stretch reflex activity during gait in these children. We investigated sensory feedback mechanisms during walking in 20 CP children and 41 control children. Stretch responses in plantar flexor muscles evoked in stance showed an age-related decline in control but not CP children. In swing the responses were abolished in control children, but significant responses were observed in 14 CP children. This was related to reduced activation of dorsiflexors in swing. Removal of sensory feedback in stance produced a drop in soleus activity of a similar size in control and CP children. Soleus activity was observed in swing to the same extent in control and CP children. Removal of sensory feedback in swing caused a larger drop in soleus activity in control children than in CP children. The lack of age-related decline in stretch reflexes and the inability to suppress reflexes in swing is likely related to lack of maturation of corticospinal control in CP children. Since soleus activity was not seen more frequently than in control children in swing and since sensory feedback did not contribute more to their soleus activity, spasticity is unlikely to contribute to foot drop and toe walking. We propose that altered central drive to the ankle muscles and increased passive muscle stiffness are the main causes of foot drop and toe walking.

Upper limb performance and the structuring of joint movement in teenagers with cerebral palsy: the reciprocal role of task demands and action capabilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Rezende Pereira Figueiredo ◽  
Paula Lanna Silva ◽  
Bruna Silva Avelar ◽  
Sérgio Teixeira da Fonseca ◽  
Reinoud J. Bootsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Action Capabilities

Brachialis muscle transfer to the forearm for the treatment of deformities in spastic cerebral palsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ozkan ◽  
A. Bicer ◽  
H. U. Aydin ◽  
S. Tuncer ◽  
A. Aydin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Wrist Extension ◽  
Finger Extension ◽  
Active Flexion ◽  
Finger Flexion ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Flexion Extension

The use of the brachialis muscle for tendon transfers in cerebral palsy has not been described previously. In this study, the brachialis muscle was used for transfer in 11 patients with spastic cerebral palsy for the restoration of forearm supination, wrist extension, or finger extension. Four patients underwent brachialis rerouting supinatorplasty. Active supination increased in two (60° and 50°), minimally increased in one (5°), and did not change in one patient. Five patients had a brachialis to extensor carpi radialis brevis transfer. The mean gain in postoperative active wrist extension was 65°. Two patients with finger flexion deformity and no active metacarpophalangeal joint movement underwent a brachialis to extensor digitorum communis transfer, and they attained an improved posture of finger extension although their postoperative metacarpophalangeal flexion–extension movement arc was 5° and 25°. None of the patients developed any loss of active flexion at the elbow. Our preliminary experience suggests that the brachialis muscle may serve as an alternative tendon transfer in cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Parkinsonian Rigidity Depends on the Velocity of Passive Joint Movement

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuyuki Endo ◽  
Naoya Yoshikawa ◽  
Harutoshi Fujimura ◽  
Saburo Sakoda
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Elastic Coefficient ◽  
Passive Joint ◽  
Torque Measurements ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Background.It has been long believed that Parkinsonian rigidity is not velocity-dependent based on the neurological examination. However, this has not been verified scientifically.Methods.The elbow joints of 20 Parkinson’s disease patients were passively flexed and extended, and two characteristic values, the elastic coefficient (elasticity) and the difference in bias (difference in torque measurements for extension and flexion), were identified from a plot of the angle and torque characteristics. Flexion and extension were done at two different velocities, 60°/s and 120°/s, and a statistical analysis was performed to determine whether the changes in these characteristic values were velocity-dependent.Results.The elastic coefficient was not velocity-dependent, but the difference in bias increased in a velocity-dependent manner (P=0.0017).Conclusions.The features of rigidity may differ from the conventional definition, which states that they are not dependent on the velocity of joint movement.

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