Robust load frequency control in islanded microgrid systems using μ-synthesis and D-K iteration

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Azizi ◽  
S. Ali Khajehoddin
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Islanded Microgrid

scholarly journals Impact of Advanced Load-Frequency Control on Optimal Size of Battery Energy Storage in Islanded Microgrid System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2213
Author(s):  
Sandro Sitompul ◽  
Goro Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Expansion Planning ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Islanded Microgrid ◽  
Battery Energy

The application of battery energy storage (BES) in microgrid systems has attracted much attention in recent years. It is because the BES is able to store excess power and discharge its power when needed. In islanded microgrid systems, BES is starting to be considered as a unit that can regulate the system frequency. The control used in the BES to display frequency regulation performance is called load-frequency control (LFC). However, this participation resulted in the large size of the battery and high expansion planning cost. In this paper, an advanced LFC control that has frequency limitation compared to traditional LFC is proposed. The proposed control implies droop control as the base and has frequency limitations. Compared to the traditional LFC, the proposed control can reduce the system expansion planning costs. A performance simulation was done to validate battery performance. The results of the numerical simulation showed that the proposed control participated in reducing the operation cost. It directly led to a reduction in the expansion planning cost. A study of battery selection was conducted to draw the practicality of the BES sizing solutions.

scholarly journals Fully-distributed Load Frequency Control Strategy in an Islanded Microgrid Considering Plug-In Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Qi ◽  
Yan Bai ◽  
Huanhuan Luo ◽  
Yiqing Zhang ◽  
Guiping Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Distributed Load ◽  
Islanded Microgrid

scholarly journals State of Charge Control Integrated with Load Frequency Control for BESS in Islanded Microgrid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4657
Author(s):  
Sandro Sitompul ◽  
Yuki Hanawa ◽  
Verapatra Bupphaves ◽  
Goro Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Battery Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Islanded Microgrid ◽  
Battery Energy

The dependence of distributed generations (DGs) on climate conditions and fluctuating load demands are the challenges for the implementation of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in islanded microgrids. BESS participation in system frequency regulation becomes one of the solutions to those challenges. Frequency regulation by BESS can be realized by applying the load-frequency control (LFC) in BESS. However, this participation clearly poses problems for the battery state of charge (SOC), as the battery is often overcharged or undercharged. In this paper, a control that maintains SOC at a certain level is introduced. This control strategy focuses on the battery operation function, which is determined from five control scenarios. All scenarios are achieved by applying the droop reference shifting method in the LFC to allow battery operation change. Control verification is carried out on an islanded microgrid system that experiences load demand changes and photovoltaic (PV) output power changes. The test results show that the SOC is maintained at 45–75% by applying load and PV power variations. The results correspond to the predetermined criteria control.

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