scholarly journals Forensic Identification and Root Causes of Hot Socket Problems Found in Electrical Meters

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Icove ◽  
Thomas A. Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Utility Distribution ◽  
Dangerous Condition

Electric meters play a critical role in electric utility distribution systems, especially for residential customers. Because it occurs so infrequently, forensic engineers may not recognize a dangerous condition within these meters known as a “hot socket.” This condition exists where the meter blades make insufficient electrical contact with the socket jaws. This paper reviews methods for forensically examining, diagnosing, and explaining the hot socket phenomenon while exploring smart meters’ incident trends.

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