Behavioral Inhibition, Heart Period, and Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: An Attachment Perspective

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Stevenson-Hinde ◽  
Peter J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia

scholarly journals Early behavioral and physiological markers of social anxiety in infants with fragile X syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conner J. Black ◽  
Abigail L. Hogan ◽  
Kayla D. Smith ◽  
Jane E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Fragile X Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
Method Approach

Abstract Background Social anxiety is highly prevalent in neurotypical children and children with fragile X syndrome (FXS). FXS is a genetic syndrome that is characterized by intellectual disability and an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder. If social anxiety is left untreated, negative outcomes are highly prevalent later in life. However, early detection of social anxiety is challenging as symptoms are often subtle or absent very early in life. Given the prevalence and impairment associated with childhood social anxiety, efforts have accelerated to identify risk markers of anxiety. A cluster of early features of anxiety have been identified including elevated behavioral inhibition, attentional biases, and physiological dysregulation that index early emerging markers of social anxiety. Infants with FXS provide a unique opportunity to study the earlier predictors of social anxiety. The current study utilized a multi-method approach to investigate early markers of social anxiety in 12-month-old infants with FXS. Method Participants included 32 infants with FXS and 41 low-risk controls, all approximately 12 months old. Parent-reported social behavioral inhibition was recorded from the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ-R). Direct observations of behavioral inhibition and attention were measured during a stranger approach task with respiratory sinus arrhythmia collected simultaneously. Results Parent-reported social behavioral inhibition was not significantly different between groups. In contrast, direct observations suggested that infants with FXS displayed elevated behavioral inhibition, increased attention towards the stranger, and a blunted respiratory sinus arrhythmia response. Conclusions Findings suggest that infants with FXS show both behavioral and physiological markers of social anxiety at 12 months old using a biobehavioral approach with multiple sources of input. Results highlight the importance of a multi-method approach to understanding the complex early emergent characteristics of anxiety in infants with FXS.

scholarly journals Use of Mobile Technology Paired with Heart Rate Monitor to Remotely Quantify Behavioral Health Markers among Military Reservists and First Responders

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Maria I Davila ◽  
Paul N Kizakevich ◽  
Randy Eckhoff ◽  
Jessica Morgan ◽  
Sreelatha Meleth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Heart Rate Monitor ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

ABSTRACT Introduction Heart rate variability (HRV) is a biological marker that reflects an individual’s autonomic nervous system regulation. Psychological resilience is an individual’s ability to recover from an adverse event and return to physiological homeostasis and mental well-being, indicated by higher resting HRV. The Biofeedback Assisted Resilience Training (BART) study evaluates a resilience-building intervention, with or without HRV biofeedback. This article evaluates the feasibility of remote psychophysiological research by validating the HRV data collected. Materials and Methods The BART platform consists of a mobile health application (BART app) paired to a wearable heart rate monitor. The BART app is installed on the participant’s personal phone/tablet to track and collect self-report psychological and physiological data. The platform collects raw heart rate data and processes HRV to server as online biofeedback. The raw data is processed offline to derive HRV for statistical analysis. The following HRV parameters are validated: inter-beat interval, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, low-frequency HRV, biofeedback HRV, and heart period. Bland–Altman and scatter plots are used to compare and contrast online and offline HRV measures. Repeated-measures ANOVA are used to compared means across tasks during the stress (rest, stress, and recovery) and training (rest and paced breathing) sessions in order to validate autonomic nervous system changes to physiological challenges. Results The analyses included 245 participants. Bland–Altman plots showed excellent agreement and minimal bias between online and offline unedited inter-beat interval data during the stress session. RMANOVA during the training session indicated a significant strong effect on biofeedback HRV, F(11,390) = 967.96, P < .01. During the stress session, RMANOVA showed significant strong effect on respiratory sinus arrhythmia and low-frequency HRV, and a significant but weak effect on heart period. Conclusions The BART digital health platform supports remote behavioral and physiological data collection, intervention delivery, and online HRV biofeedback.

scholarly journals Lack of association between heart period variability asymmetry and respiratory sinus arrhythmia in healthy and chronic heart failure individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247145
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Maria ◽  
Laura Adelaide Dalla Vecchia ◽  
Roberto Maestri ◽  
Gian Domenico Pinna ◽  
Monica Parati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
The Impact

Temporal asymmetry is a peculiar aspect of heart period (HP) variability (HPV). HPV asymmetry (HPVA) is reduced with aging and pathology, but its origin is not fully elucidated. Given the impact of respiration on HPV resulting in the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the asymmetric shape of the respiratory pattern, a possible link between HPVA and RSA might be expected. In this study we tested the hypothesis that HPVA is significantly associated with RSA and asymmetry of the respiratory rhythm. We studied 42 middle-aged healthy (H) subjects, and 56 chronic heart failure (CHF) patients of whom 26 assigned to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II (CHF-II) and 30 to NYHA class III (CHF-III). Electrocardiogram and lung volume were monitored for 8 minutes during spontaneous breathing (SB) and controlled breathing (CB) at 15 breaths/minute. The ratio of inspiratory (INSP) to expiratory (EXP) phases, namely the I/E ratio, and RSA were calculated. HPVA was estimated as the percentage of negative HP variations, traditionally measured via the Porta’s index (PI). Departures of PI from 50% indicated HPVA and its significance was tested via surrogate data. We found that RSA increased during CB and I/E ratio was smaller than 1 in all groups and experimental conditions. In H subjects the PI was about 50% during SB and it increased significantly during CB. In both CHF-II and CHF-III groups the PI was about 50% during SB and remained unmodified during CB. The PI was uncorrelated with RSA and I/E ratio regardless of the experimental condition and group. Pooling together data of different experimental conditions did not affect conclusions. Therefore, we conclude that the HPVA cannot be explained by RSA and/or I/E ratio, thus representing a peculiar feature of the cardiac control that can be aroused in middle-aged H individuals via CB.

scholarly journals Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and heart period in infancy as correlates of later oppositional defiant and callous-unemotional behaviors

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Wagner ◽  
Roger Mills-Koonce ◽  
Michael Willoughby ◽  
Cathi Propper ◽  
Peter Rehder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

Extant literature suggests that oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and callous-unemotional (CU) behaviors in childhood and adolescence are associated with distinct patterns of psychophysiological functioning, and that individual differences in these patterns have implications for developmental pathways to disorder. Very little is known about the associations between psychophysiological functioning in infancy and later ODD and CU behaviors. This study examined associations between basal autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning in infancy and ODD and CU behaviors in later childhood. Using longitudinal heart period (HP) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) data from the Durham Child Health and Development Study ( N = 206), the current study tested associations within a structural equation modeling framework, between continuous measures of HP and RSA across the first 2 years of life, and later ODD and CU behaviors at first grade. Results indicate that ODD and CU behaviors in childhood are associated with lower baseline RSA, but not HP, across infancy. The implications of these findings for developmental models of ODD and CU behaviors are discussed.

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