scholarly journals Multimodal MRI data fusion reveals distinct structural, functional and neurochemical correlates of heavy cannabis use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Hirjak ◽  
Mike M. Schmitgen ◽  
Florian Werler ◽  
Miriam Wittemann ◽  
Katharina M. Kubera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Multimodal Mri ◽  
Neurochemical Correlates

scholarly journals Relating Neurochemical Changes Associated with THC Use to Learning and Memory in Adolescent Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ryan William Johnstone Steel
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Rate Of Learning ◽  
Adolescent Rats ◽  
Neurochemical Changes ◽  
Newborn Neurons ◽  
Neurochemical Correlates

<p>Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug. Adolescents may be especially vulnerable to the effects of cannabis, and alarmingly, adolescence is also a period of heavy cannabis use. However, few studies have investigated the cognitive effects of cannabis use in adolescents specifically. Furthermore, the neurochemical correlates of cognitive impairment associated with cannabis use at any age have received very little experimental attention. This research project sought to address these shortcomings in the literature using THC, the major psychoactive component of cannabis, and a rat model of adolescence. The rate of learning was slower in THC-treated animals, and this was attributable to deficits in the cognitive function of 'chunking', a process by which the information capacity of short-term memory is enlarged. Impairment of chunking by cannabinoids has not been previously reported. Behavioural impairment by THC was associated with impaired hippocampal plasticity, including changes in synaptic activity and architecture, as well as changes in neurogenesis. The attenuation of structural and functional plasticity in the hippocampus in response to training in a learning task was more pronounced than the subtle effects of THC-treatment on the survival and early development of newborn neurons. Importantly, no effects of THC were seen in animals not trained in the maze. Thus, plasticity is more sensitive to the effects of THC during times of learning, and this greater sensitivity likely accounts for the behavioural impairment associated with cannabis use. The data presented in this thesis add significantly to the existing literature by identifying novel behavioural and neurochemical processes by which cannabis use may impair learning and memory. Whether these impairments represent a greater sensitivity of adolescents to THC remains to be determined.</p>

scholarly journals Relating Neurochemical Changes Associated with THC Use to Learning and Memory in Adolescent Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ryan William Johnstone Steel
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Rate Of Learning ◽  
Adolescent Rats ◽  
Neurochemical Changes ◽  
Newborn Neurons ◽  
Neurochemical Correlates

<p>Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug. Adolescents may be especially vulnerable to the effects of cannabis, and alarmingly, adolescence is also a period of heavy cannabis use. However, few studies have investigated the cognitive effects of cannabis use in adolescents specifically. Furthermore, the neurochemical correlates of cognitive impairment associated with cannabis use at any age have received very little experimental attention. This research project sought to address these shortcomings in the literature using THC, the major psychoactive component of cannabis, and a rat model of adolescence. The rate of learning was slower in THC-treated animals, and this was attributable to deficits in the cognitive function of 'chunking', a process by which the information capacity of short-term memory is enlarged. Impairment of chunking by cannabinoids has not been previously reported. Behavioural impairment by THC was associated with impaired hippocampal plasticity, including changes in synaptic activity and architecture, as well as changes in neurogenesis. The attenuation of structural and functional plasticity in the hippocampus in response to training in a learning task was more pronounced than the subtle effects of THC-treatment on the survival and early development of newborn neurons. Importantly, no effects of THC were seen in animals not trained in the maze. Thus, plasticity is more sensitive to the effects of THC during times of learning, and this greater sensitivity likely accounts for the behavioural impairment associated with cannabis use. The data presented in this thesis add significantly to the existing literature by identifying novel behavioural and neurochemical processes by which cannabis use may impair learning and memory. Whether these impairments represent a greater sensitivity of adolescents to THC remains to be determined.</p>

Results from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover, multimodal‐MRI pilot study of gabapentin for co‐occurring bipolar and cannabis use disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Prisciandaro ◽  
William Mellick ◽  
Lindsay M. Squeglia ◽  
Sara Hix ◽  
Lauren Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Multimodal Mri ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorders

Teen Cannabis Use Tied to Adult Anxiety, Depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
HEIDI SPLETE
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Cannabis Use and Dependence

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Hall ◽  
Rosalie Liccardo Pacula
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use

Theory and Implementation of NDT Data Fusion

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. E. Gros ◽  
P. Strachan ◽  
D. W. Lowden
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion

Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

Cannabis-associated arteritis

VASA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grotenhermen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Thromboangiitis Obliterans ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Clinical And Pathological Features

Background: To investigate the hypothesis that cases of arteritis similar to thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) and associated with the use of cannabis were caused by cannabis or THC (dronabinol), or that cannabis use is a co-factor of TAO. Patients and methods: A systematic review on case reports and the literature on so-called cannabis arteritis, TAO, and cardiovascular effects of cannabinoids was conducted. Results: Fifteen reports with 57 cases of an arteritis associated with the use of cannabis and two additional case series of TAO, in which some patients also used cannabis, were identified. Clinical and pathological features of cannabis-associated arteritis do not differ from TAO and the major risk factor of TAO, tobacco use, was present in most, if not in all of these cases. The proposed pathophysiological mechanisms for the development of an arteritis by cannabis use are not substantiated. Conclusions: The hypothesis of cannabis being a causative factor or co-factor of TAO or an arteritis similar to TAO is not supported by the available evidence. The use of the term “cannabis arteritis” should be avoided until or unless more convincing scientific support is forthcoming.

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