Teen Cannabis Use Tied to Adult Anxiety, Depression

104 Background: Increasingly, cancer patients are using cannabis in their efforts to manage symptoms. Studies of legal recreational cannabis suggest young adults (YA) may disproportionately account for increases in cannabis use. There are few studies of cannabis use in cancer patients and its effect on symptoms, however, and most have not stratified their results by age. To address this, we examined rates of cannabis use across three age groups: YA ages 18 to 39, adults 40 to 65, and adults older than 65 (OA). We also examined the effects of age and cannabis use on patients’ report of cancer-related symptoms. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 1223 cancer patients referred to outpatient supportive care for symptom management between 2014 and 2017. Patients underwent urine drug testing for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and completed the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale-Revised-CSS during their initial visit. Results: In Chi square analysis, age was significantly associated with cannabis use (p < .001): 30% of YA tested positive for THC compared to 21% of adults and 8% of OA. As a group, cannabis users reported significantly higher scores for pain, tiredness, nausea, lack of appetite, anxiety, depression, difficulty sleeping, and worse overall well-being (p values < .05). In MANOVA, there was a significant interaction effect between age and cannabis use for pain, lack of appetite, shortness of breath, anxiety, depression, difficulty sleeping, and overall well-being (p values < .05). While YA and adults who tested positive for THC reported higher symptom scores for each of these symptoms, OA patients who were THC positive reported lower scores for pain, anxiety, depression, and better overall well-being. Conclusions: Findings suggest that compared to adults and OA, more YA patients are using cannabis in attempts to control cancer-related symptoms. With the exception of OA, cannabis users rate their cancer-related symptoms as more severe than nonusers. Findings support the need for patient education about potential therapeutic benefits and adverse effects of cannabis use in cancer. Prospective, observational studies are needed to characterize patients’ use before and after a cancer diagnosis.

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The Dysregulation Profile Predicts Cannabis Use in the Offspring of Teenage Mothers

ISRN Addiction ◽

10.1155/2013/659313 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natacha M. De Genna ◽

Cynthia Larkby ◽

Marie D. Cornelius

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Child Behavior Checklist ◽

Pubertal Timing ◽

Attention Problems ◽

Teenage Mothers ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Teenage Girls ◽

Dysregulation Profile ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

Early Drug

Background. Offspring of teenage mothers are at greater risk of early drug use. Research has identified a child behavior checklist (CBCL) profile for children with high levels of comorbid behavior problems, the dysregulation profile (DP), as another risk factor for drug use. Method. Teenage girls (12–18 years old; 71% African-American, 29% White) were recruited during pregnancy. Data were collected during pregnancy and when offspring were 6, 10, and 14 years old (). Mothers completed the CBCL when children were at ages 6 and 10, and children who scored 60 or higher on all 3 DP subscales (aggression, anxiety/depression, and attention problems) were categorized as dysregulated. At ages 10 and 14, the offspring (50% male, 50% female) reported on their cannabis use and completed the childhood depression inventory (CDI). Results. DP at age 6 and depressive symptoms at age 14 predicted recent cannabis use in the offspring. There was a significant interaction between race and pubertal timing such that White offspring who matured earlier were at greater risk of recent cannabis use. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that it may be possible to identify a subset of children at risk of dual diagnosis as early as age 6.

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Self-Reported Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Association with Alcohol and Cannabis Use: A Latent Class Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-828073/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nibene Habib Somé ◽

Samantha Wells ◽

Daniel Felsky ◽

Hayley A. Hamilton ◽

Shehzad Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Class Membership ◽

Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background: Mental health problems and substance use co-morbidities during the COVID-19 pandemic are a public health priority. Identifying individuals at high-risk of developing these problems can directly inform mitigating strategies. We aimed to identify distinct groups of individuals (i.e., latent classes) based on patterns of self-reported mental health symptoms and investigate associations with alcohol and cannabis use.Methods: We used data from six successive waves of a web-based cross-sectional survey of adults aged 18 years and older living in Canada (6,021 participants). We applied latent class analysis to three domains of self-reported mental health: anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Logistic regression was used to characterize latent class membership, estimate the association of class membership with alcohol and cannabis use, and perform sex-based analyses.Results: We identified two distinct classes: 1) individuals with low scores on all three mental health indicators (no/low-symptoms) and 2) those reporting high scores (high-symptoms). Those at greater risk of being in the high-symptoms class were likely to be women (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) =1.34, 95%CI:1.18-1.52), people worried about getting COVID-19 (aOR=2.39, 95%CI:2.02-2.82), and those with post-secondary education (aOR=1.26, 95%CI:1.02-1.55). Asian ethnicity (aOR=0.78, 95%CI:0.62-0.97), married status (aOR=0.71, 95%CI:0.59-0.85), seniors (aOR=0.38, 95%CI:0.32-0.47), individuals in households with income higher than CAD$40,000: $40,000-$79,000 (aOR=0.73, 95%CI:0.60-0.90), $80,000-$119,000 (aOR=0.60, 95%CI:0.48-0.74) and $120,000+ (aOR=0.47, 95%CI:0.37-0.59) were at lower odds of being in the high-symptoms class. Individuals in the high-symptoms class were more likely to use cannabis at least once a week (aOR=2.25, 95%CI:1.90-2.67), drink alcohol heavily (aOR=1.69, 95%CI:1.47-1.95); and increase the use of cannabis (aOR=3.48, 95%CI:2.79-4.35) and alcohol (aOR=2.37, 95%CI:2.05-2.73) during the pandemic. Women in the high-symptoms class had higher odds of increasing alcohol use than men.Conclusions: We identified the determinants of experiencing high-symptoms of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, and found a significant association with alcohol and cannabis consumption. This suggests that initiatives and supports are needed to address mental health and substance use multi-morbidities, particularly regarding alcohol use in women.

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Cannabis Use as Described by People with Multiple Sclerosis

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100002584 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 201-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

S.A. Page ◽

M.J. Verhoef ◽

R.A. Stebbins ◽

L.M. Metz ◽

J.C. Levy

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Response Rate ◽

Neurological Diseases ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Symptom Experience ◽

Southern Alberta ◽

The World ◽

Group Information ◽

Sample Age ◽

Anxiety Depression

ABSTRACT:Background:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases affecting young adults. The prevalence of MS in Alberta has been described as among the highest reported in the world, estimated at 217 per 100,000. Numerous anecdotal reports, and a few small empirical investigations have suggested that cannabis use may relieve the symptom experience of those with MS. The present study was undertaken to describe cannabis use by this patient group. Information on peoples’beliefs, practices and experiences related to use were investigated.Methods:Aquestionnaire was mailed to a sample of 780 adults with MS in southern Alberta, Canada.Results:Completed questionnaires were returned by 420/673 eligible subjects (response rate 62%). Mean sample age was 48 years and 75% were women. Respondents ranged from mildly to severely impaired. The majority of respondents (96%) was aware cannabis was potentially therapeutically useful for MS and most (72%) supported legalization for medicinal purposes. Forty-three percent had tried cannabis at some point in their lives, 16% for medicinal purposes. Symptoms reported to be ameliorated included anxiety/depression, spasticity and chronic pain. Reasons given for not trying cannabis were the fact that it is an illegal substance, concern about side effects and lack of knowledge on how to obtain it.Conclusions:Subjective improvements in symptom experience were reported by the majority of people with MS who currently use cannabis. Further evaluation of this substance is warranted.

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Reductions in cannabis use are associated with improvements in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality, but not quality of life

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment ◽

10.1016/j.jsat.2017.07.012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Yih-Ing Hser ◽

Larissa J. Mooney ◽

David Huang ◽

Yuhui Zhu ◽

Rachel L. Tomko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Anxiety Depression

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Anxiety, depression and stressful life events among medical students: a prospective study in Antalya, Turkey

Medical Education ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00726.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 12-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 146

Author(s):

Mehmet Aktekin ◽

Taha Karaman ◽

Yesim Yigiter Senol ◽

Sukru Erdem ◽

Hakan Erengin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Anxiety Depression

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Cannabis Use and Dependence

10.1017/cbo9780511470219 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Wayne Hall ◽

Rosalie Liccardo Pacula

Keyword(s):

Cannabis Use

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Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.60.2.99 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 99-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Holger Schmid

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Hierarchical Linear Model ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Structural Variables ◽

Hbsc Study ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

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Cannabis-associated arteritis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 43-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Grotenhermen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Cardiovascular Effects ◽

Causative Factor ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Thromboangiitis Obliterans ◽

Pathological Features ◽

Scientific Support ◽

Clinical And Pathological Features

Background: To investigate the hypothesis that cases of arteritis similar to thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) and associated with the use of cannabis were caused by cannabis or THC (dronabinol), or that cannabis use is a co-factor of TAO. Patients and methods: A systematic review on case reports and the literature on so-called cannabis arteritis, TAO, and cardiovascular effects of cannabinoids was conducted. Results: Fifteen reports with 57 cases of an arteritis associated with the use of cannabis and two additional case series of TAO, in which some patients also used cannabis, were identified. Clinical and pathological features of cannabis-associated arteritis do not differ from TAO and the major risk factor of TAO, tobacco use, was present in most, if not in all of these cases. The proposed pathophysiological mechanisms for the development of an arteritis by cannabis use are not substantiated. Conclusions: The hypothesis of cannabis being a causative factor or co-factor of TAO or an arteritis similar to TAO is not supported by the available evidence. The use of the term cannabis arteritis should be avoided until or unless more convincing scientific support is forthcoming.

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