Commentary on Kunas et al .: Hijacked brain reward systems—how methodological advances can help to bridge gaps in the translational science pipeline

AbstractCurrent computational models predict reward based solely on learning. Real motivation involves that but also more. Brain reward systems can dynamically generate incentive salience, by integrating prior learned values with even novel physiological states (e.g., natural appetites; drug-induced mesolimbic sensitization) to cause intense desires that were themselves never learned. We hope future computational models may capture this too.

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Brain reward systems and abuse

Neurochemistry International ◽

10.1016/0197-0186(88)90042-3 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 548

Author(s):

Bruce Holman

Keyword(s):

Reward Systems ◽

Brain Reward

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Action of drugs of abuse on brain reward systems

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior ◽

10.1016/s0091-3057(80)80033-5 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 213-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 232

Author(s):

Roy A. Wise

Keyword(s):

Drugs Of Abuse ◽

Reward Systems ◽

Brain Reward

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High-Fat Diet Alters Brain Reward Systems: Epigenetic Modifications Across Development

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e612482013-001 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Teresa M. Reyes

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Epigenetic Modifications ◽

Reward Systems ◽

High Fat ◽

Brain Reward

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Brain Reward Systems and Apathy

10.1093/med/9780198841807.003.0011 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 191-211

Author(s):

Stefan Kaiser ◽

Florian Schlagenhauf

Keyword(s):

Prediction Error ◽

Reward System ◽

Reward Systems ◽

Research Domain Criteria ◽

Promising Candidate ◽

Brain Reward ◽

Positive Valence ◽

Research Domain ◽

Value Representation

Reward is essential for motivating goal-directed behaviour. Impairment in the processing of reward is therefore a promising candidate for understanding apathy which has been defined as a loss of motivation and a quantitative reduction of goal-directed behaviour. This chapter employs the recently updated Research Domain Criteria framework for positive valence systems to provide an overview of reward system functions that have been associated with apathy, including reward anticipation, reward consumption, learning and prediction error, value representation, and integration of effort. For each construct, the concept and the measures on the behavioural and neural level are discussed. The chapter then provides examples from the schizophrenia literature on the association of apathy with these functions and gives a transdiagnostic perspective on the role of reward system dysfunction.

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