Comparison of the ecology and evolution of plants with a generalist bird pollination system between continents and islands worldwide

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1658-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Abrahamczyk

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Snak ◽  
Gwilyn Peter Lewis ◽  
Douglas Eduardo Rocha ◽  
Luciano Paganucci Queiroz

During the development of a systematic study of the species of Canavalia from the New World a new species with floral morphology suggesting a bird pollination system was found, contrasting with the bee pollination pattern of the genus. Canavalia reflexiflora differs from the other species of the genus mainly by its flowers with a reflexed standard; in addition, it also has red flowers, wing and keel petals as long as the standard petal, and an oblong seed with the hilum surrounding nearly half the seed circumference.



2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 1615-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes S. Dellinger ◽  
Darin S. Penneys ◽  
Yannick M. Staedler ◽  
Lena Fragner ◽  
Wolfram Weckwerth ◽  
...  


Author(s):  
Florian P. Schiestl ◽  
Erika A. Wallin ◽  
John J. Beck ◽  
Magne Friberg ◽  
John N. Thompson

AbstractVolatiles are of key importance for host-plant recognition in insects. In the pollination system of Lithophragma flowers and Greya moths, moths are highly specialized on Lithophragma, in which they oviposit and thereby pollinate the flowers. Floral volatiles in Lithophragma are highly variable between species and populations, and moths prefer to oviposit into Lithophragma flowers from populations of the local host species. Here we used gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) to test whether Greya moths detect specific key volatiles or respond broadly to many volatiles of Lithophragma flowers. We also addressed whether olfactory detection in Greya moths varies across populations, consistent with a co-evolutionary scenario. We analyzed flower volatile samples from three different species and five populations of Lithophragma occurring across a 1400 km range in the Western USA, and their sympatric female Greya politella moths. We showed that Greya politella detect a broad range of Lithophragma volatiles, with a total of 23 compounds being EAD active. We chemically identified 15 of these, including the chiral 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (hexahydrofarnesyl acetone), which was not previously detected in Lithophragma. All investigated Lithophragma species produced the (6R, 10R)-enantiomer of this compound. We showed that Greya moths detected not only volatiles of their local Lithophragma plants, but also those from allopatric populations/species that they not encounter in local populations. In conclusion, the generalized detection of volatiles and a lack of co-divergence between volatiles and olfactory detection may be of selective advantage for moths in tracking hosts with rapidly evolving, chemically diverse floral volatiles.



Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kryštof Chmel ◽  
Francis Luma Ewome ◽  
Guillermo Uceda Gómez ◽  
Yannick Klomberg ◽  
Jan E. J. Mertens ◽  
...  


2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Alcantara ◽  
Lúcia G. Lohmann


AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Klomberg ◽  
Raissa Dywou Kouede ◽  
Michael Bartoš ◽  
Jan E J Mertens ◽  
Robert Tropek ◽  
...  

Abstract Apart from floral morphology and colours perceived by the human eye, ultraviolet (UV) reflectance acts as an important visual advertisement of numerous flowering plant species for pollinators. However, the effect of UV signalling on attracting pollinators of particular plant species is still insufficiently studied, especially in the Afrotropics. Therefore, we studied the pollination system of Hypoxis camerooniana in montane grasslands of Mount Cameroon, West/Central Africa. We focused mainly on the effects of the flowers’ UV reflectance on its visitors. We experimentally removed UV reflection from petals either completely or partially. Thereafter, flower visitors were recorded and pistils were collected post-flowering to quantify germinated pollen tubes per treatments. The most important visitors were bees, followed by flies. Due to their contacts with reproductive organs bees are considered as the primary pollinators. Visitation rates were lower when UV reflectance was completely removed, whereas the decrease of frequency on half-treated flowers did not differ significantly from control treatments. The complete removal of UV also affected bees’ landing behaviour, but not that of flies. We showed that the presence of UV reflectance is more important than UV pattern for bees visiting flowers of H. camerooniana. We hypothesize that exploiting all flowers irrespective of their pattern can be more efficient for pollinators in the open grasslands of high altitudes to spot these relatively scarce flowers by their UV reflectance. Furthermore, we highlight the necessity of both experimental and natural controls in similar studies to control for additional effects of the used UV manipulations. Many plants advertise their flowers with UV reflectance visible to their insect visitors. By manipulating the UV reflectance and pattern of Hypoxis camerooniana in the Afromontane grasslands of Mount Cameroon, we have shown how crucial it is for the predominant visitor, bees. Both bees' preferences for flowers and their behaviour during visits are influenced by changes in UV reflectance. However, the presence of some UV signal is more important than the specific pattern. Especially in montane grasslands with higher UV irradiation, the UV floral colours are important for recognition of flowers by potential pollinators.



2004 ◽  
Vol 244 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Johnson ◽  
Mark Brown
Keyword(s):  


2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Goldblatt ◽  
John C. Manning


2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
A. Shuttleworth ◽  
S.D. Johnson ◽  
D.J. Brothers


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