Evaluation of anatomical and functional results of overlapping anal sphincter repair with or without the injection of bone marrow aspirate concentrate: a case-control study

INTRODUCTION: The objective of the study is to identify the main risk factors for death by New World visceral leishmaniasis and establish a coherent pathogenic substrate of severe disease based on clinical findings. METHODS: Seventy-six deceased inpatients and 320 successfully treated inpatients with VL were studied in a case control study. RESULTS: Bacterial infection and bleeding were mutually exclusive events leading to death. Five risk factors were unique for death by bacterial infection (malnutrition, pulmonary rales, severe anemia, severe absolute neutropenia and higher neutrophil count), while another six were unique for death by bleeding (jaundice, severe relative neutropenia, severe thrombocytopenia, liver injury, kidney failure, higher bone marrow parasite load). Bacterial infection, bleeding, severe anemia, diarrhea, dyspnea, edema, jaundice and bone marrow parasite load were the main syndromes of visceral leishmaniasis among successfully treated patients. CONCLUSIONS: The data support the idea that bacterial infections are due to immune paralysis. Broad organ and system involvement is plausibly due to the high production of proinflammatory cytokines, whose actions fit well with visceral leishmaniasis. The syndromes and causative mediators are typical of a slowly developing systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

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Re: Incontinence after primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter tears is related to relative length of reconstructed external sphincter: a case-control study. S. Norderval, K. Røssaak, A. Markskog and B. Vonen. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012; 40: 207-21

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1002/uog.12263 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 126-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. H. Sultan

Keyword(s):

Anal Sphincter ◽

Obstet Gynecol ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Primary Repair ◽

External Sphincter ◽

Relative Length ◽

Case Control ◽

Anal Sphincter Tears ◽

Control Study

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An Outbreak of Invasive Aspergillosis Among Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplants: A Case-Control Study

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s019594170006330x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 347-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Coleman Rotstein ◽

K. Michael Cummings ◽

John Tidings ◽

Kathleen Killion ◽

Eileen Powell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Invasive Aspergillosis ◽

Bone Marrow Transplant ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Marrow Transplant ◽

Case Control ◽

Allogeneic Bone ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Control Study

AbstractBetween April 1982 and March 1983,10 of 26 (38.4%) allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients housed on a newly opened bone marrow transplant unit developed invasive aspergillosis. By contrast, between September 1977 and March 1982, only 3 of 46 (6%) transplant recipients developed invasive aspergillosis. A case-control study to identify host factors related toAspergillusinfection found that aspergillosis was more common in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and aplastic anemia, older patients, patients having cytomegalovirus disease, patients who experienced prolonged granulocytopenia, patients conditioned with ara-C (100-200 mg/day), and patients who received longer duration of antimicrobial therapy. A series of logistic regression analyses revealed that underlying disease was the single best predictor ofAspergillusinfection. This study demonstrates that underlying disease is an important risk factor for aspergillosis and that special measures may be warranted when transplanting certain patients.

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