Pre‐release packing and chilling reduce host‐searching ability of the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata used in the augmentative control of tephritid flies

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-359
Author(s):  
Jorge Cancino ◽  
Diana Mazariegos ◽  
César Pérez ◽  
Amanda Ayala ◽  
Francisco Díaz‐Fleischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Searching ◽  
Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata ◽  
Searching Ability

Reproductive potential and Host Searching Ability of Entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema feltiae

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Murad Rahoo ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Simon R. Gowen ◽  
Rehana Kanwal Rahoo ◽  
Shaukat Ibrahim Abro
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Searching Ability

RESPONSE OF THREE CHELONUS (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) SPECIES TO KAIROMONES IN SCALES OF SIX LEPIDOPTERA

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Chiri ◽  
E.F. Legner
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Searching Behavior ◽  
Sensory Adaptation ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Adaptive Value ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Larval Parasites

AbstractThree species of egg–larval parasites in the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) exhibited host-searching behavior when exposed to body scales from 6 species of Lepidoptera representing 3 families. The nonspecific response to scales from several hosts appears to be of adaptive value to Chelonus spp., as it is consistent with the polyphagous habits reported for this genus. The searching response was more widespread and intense in an Ethiopian Chelonus sp. than in 2 other species. It is thought that the broad responsiveness to host scales may detrimentally affect parasite searching ability through excessive loss of searching time, although sensory adaptation to the kairomones might serve to attenuate such effect. Some coevolutionary aspects of this host–parasite chemical interaction are discussed.

scholarly journals Interactions between Two Parasitoids of Tephritidae: Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) and Psyttalia cosyrae (Wilkinson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), under Laboratory Conditions

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Shepard Ndlela ◽  
Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed ◽  
Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag ◽  
Paul Nduati Ndegwa ◽  
George Otieno Ong’amo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Braconid Wasp ◽  
Ceratitis Cosyra

The braconid wasp, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), was introduced in Kenya from Hawaii for classical biological control of the invasive tephritid, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel. Following reports that D. longicaudata had formed new associations with Ceratitis cosyra, laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the interaction between the introduced and the native parasitoid of C. cosyra; Psyttalia cosyrae (Wilkinson) under three scenarios: B. dorsalis only, C. cosyra only and mixed populations of the two species. Parasitoids were introduced to the host as sole, sequential and simultaneous releases. Host searching and probing events were five times higher for D. longicaudata than P. cosyrae with both hosts. Total parasitism was highest (78%) when D. longicaudata was released alone on C. cosyra, compared to 20% for P. cosyrae released on the same host. Releases of P. cosyrae on B. dorsalis resulted in 0% parasitism, compared to 64% parasitism by D. longicaudata. Specific parasitism for P. cosyrae was three times higher when P. cosyrae was released first in sequential releases on C. cosyra compared to when it was released after D. longicaudata. These findings suggest that the two parasitoids can both suppress C. cosyra but B. dorsalis acts as a reproductive sink for P. cosyrae. Our findings should form the basis of field investigations where options are much wider for both parasitoids.

Does food-searching ability determine habitat selection? Foraging in sand of three species of gerbilline rodents

Ecography ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris R. Krasnov ◽  
Georgy I. Shenbrot ◽  
Luis E. Rios ◽  
Maria E. Lizurume
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Searching Ability

Searching Ability of PSO with Non-Convergent Particles

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kamio ◽  
Yuhei Itaki ◽  
Hisato Fujisaka ◽  
Kazuhisa Haeiwa
Keyword(s):  
Searching Ability

Can Anastrepha fraterculus larval feeding influence chemotaxis and parasitism of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and Aganaspis pelleranoi?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Patricia Daniela da Silva Pires ◽  
Josué Sant’ Ana ◽  
Luiza Rodrigues Redaelli
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata ◽  
Control Programmes

Abstract Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major barrier to fruit production and exportation. In Brazil, the native parasitoid Aganaspis pelleranoi (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) and the exotic parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) stand out as biological control agents. Knowledge of the factors that affect interactions among parasitoids, A. fraterculus, and host fruits may enhance the use of these agents in biological control programmes. This study evaluated the chemotaxis and parasitism of A. pelleranoi and D. longicaudata females reared on A. fraterculus larvae and kept on an artificial diet, red guava (Psidium guajava) or apple (Malus domestica). Females of both parasitoid species that emerged from larvae raised on artificial diet, guava or apple, were tested to Y olfactometer choice tests. In the parasitism tests, both parasitoid species were made to choose between A. fraterculus larvae brushed with water, apple pulp or guava pulp. D. longicaudata females from artificial diet (control) did not distinguish between fruit odours; however, females of D. longicaudata from larvae kept in apple or guava directed to the odours of their original fruit. The greatest parasitism for D. longicaudata occurred in the units that contained the pulp in which the larvae grew. A. pelleranoi from artificial diet preferred guava odours, including the females kept in apple. Similar results were observed in the parasitism bioassays. Our results found that A. fraterculus larval feeding influenced search behaviour and parasitism of D. longicaudata, whereas A. pelleranoi rearing experience did not affect its host choices.

Mutual interference in the mass-reared fruit fly parasitoid, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

BioControl ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia López ◽  
Daniel Rosales ◽  
Salvador Flores ◽  
Pablo Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Mutual Interference ◽  
Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata

Growth, Development and Innate Capacity for Increase in Aphytis Chrysomphali Mercet and A. Melinus Debach, Parasites of California Red Scale, Aonidiella Aurantii (Mask.), In Relation to Temperature.

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Annual Fluctuation ◽  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Total Progeny ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
Pupal Mortality ◽  
Threshold Of Development

A, melinus produced more female progeny and more than twice as many total progeny as A. chrysomphali; it also destroyed almost twice as many hosts through oviposition and mutiliation. A. chrysomphali had a longer post-oviposition period than A. melinus, especially at 30�C. The proportion of single progeny in a host was higher for A, chrysomphali than for A. melinus at all temperatures, and was related to temperature positively in A. chrysomphali and inversely in A. melinus. Large old female A. melinus produced only males at the end of their lives; they did not mate at that stage when offered males, not because they were aged but because they mate only once in their lives. As temperature decreased, female A. melznus ceased producing females earlier, probably because temperature affected either longevity of sperms or the mechanism controlling their release. Differential mortality, temperature, and age of mothers all influenced sex ratio. Pupal mortality was inversely related to temperature within the observed range 20-30�C; in female pupae of A. chrysomphali it was lower than that in either female or male pupae of A. melinus; it was higher in male than female pupae in A. melinus. A. melinus lived longer than A. chrysomphali at all temperatures. Duration of development was longer for A. chrysomphali than for A. melinus at 30�C, but shorter at 20 and 25�C. The threshold of development was 8.5C for A. chrysomphali and 11C for A. melinus. A. chrysomphali had a higher rm at 20 and 25�C than A. melinus, but much lower at 30�C. The highest rate of increase was at > 30�C for A. melinus, and at about 25�C for A. chrysomphali. The rm of the parasites was 3.1-5.0 times that of red scale, depending on parasite species and temperature. A. chrysomphali is smaller than A. melinus, and from the positive relationship between adaptation to cold and speed of development, and the negative relationship between speed of development and size, a negative relationship between size and adaptation to cold within Aphytis spp. may be postulated. A. chrysomphali is more adapted to cold and less to heat than A. melinus. This explains the seasonal and annual fluctuation in their relative abundance in southern Australia. The species would complement each other in controlling red scale; from the data presented here it is possible that Aphytis spp. in Australia may have evolved into more efficient control agents of red scale than elsewhere. Knowledge on the searching ability of Aphytis at different host densities is wanting.

scholarly journals Allocation and Scheduling of Handling Resources in the Railway Container Terminal Based on Crossing Crane Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Gang Ren ◽  
Xiaohan Wang ◽  
Jiaxin Cai ◽  
Shujuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Gantry Crane ◽  
Optimization Scheme ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm ◽  
Searching Ability

The integrated allocation and scheduling of handling resources are crucial problems in the railway container terminal (RCT). We investigate the integrated optimization problem for handling resources of the crane area, dual-gantry crane (GC), and internal trucks (ITs). A creative handling scheme is proposed to reduce the long-distance, full-loaded movement of GCs by making use of the advantages of ITs. Based on this scheme, we propose a flexible crossing crane area to balance the workload of dual-GC. Decomposing the integrated problem into four sub-problems, a multi-objective mixed-integer programming model (MIP) is developed. By analyzing the characteristic of the integrated problem, a three-layer hybrid heuristic algorithm (TLHHA) incorporating heuristic rule (HR), elite co-evolution genetic algorithm (ECEGA), greedy rule (GR), and simulated annealing (SA) is designed for solving the problem. Numerical experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm has excellent searching ability, and the simultaneous optimization scheme could ensure the requirements for efficiency, effectiveness, and energy-saving, as well as the balance rate of dual-GC.

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