Effect of water temperature on the infection of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Richardson with infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus

We investigated the susceptibility of trouts of different species and origins to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and the pathogenicity of three strains of IPNV for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) of various origins and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of a single origin. Fish were inoculated by immersion in water containing 105 PFU of virus/mL for 6 h. Susceptibility to IPNV infection was assessed by counting dead fish over a period of 21 d after infection and on histological lesions in the pancreas, kidney, and intestine of the infected fish. Different species of trouts had different susceptibility to IPNV strain 3865. Brook trout had the highest mortality followed by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), whereas the least mortality occurred in lake trout. Brook trout from Crowford, Nebraska, were more than twice as susceptible as the same species from Baldwin Mills, Quebec. Rainbow trout also varied in susceptibility as a result of origin. Virus isolate 3B, originally isolated from chain pickerel (Esox niger), was less virulent than isolates 4495 or 3865 (both from trout). Hatcheries that use water from sources containing pickerel may increase their chances of IPN infection.Key words: trout species, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, resistance

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Effect of Temperature on Accumulation of Methylmercuric Chloride and p,p′DDT by Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f74-207 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 1649-1652 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Robert E. Reinert ◽

Linda J. Stone ◽

Wayne A. Willford

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Salmo Gairdneri ◽

Methylmercuric Chloride ◽

Concentration Factors

Amounts of mercury and DDT residues accumulated from water by yearling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the laboratory increased as water temperature increased. Fish exposed to methylmercuric chloride at concentrations of 234–263 parts per trillion for 12 wk at 5, 10, and 15 C accumulated 1.19, 1.71, and 1.96 ppm; fish exposed to p,p′DDT at concentrations of 133–176 parts per trillion accumulated 3.76, 5.93, and 6.82 ppm. Concentrations of mercury accumulated by the fish were significantly different (P < 0.01) at each of the three temperatures, and the concentrations of DDT were significantly different at 5 and 10 and 5 and 15 C. Throughout the period of exposure, the concentration factors (concentration of contaminant in the fish/concentration in water) at each of the three temperatures were far higher for p,p′DDT than for methylmercuric chloride.

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Effect of Water Temperature and Flow Rate on the Transmission of Microsporidial Gill Disease Caused by Loma salmonae in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Fish Pathology ◽

10.3147/jsfp.38.105 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 105-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Joy A. Becker ◽

David J. Speare ◽

Ian R. Dohoo

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Effect Of Water ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Loma Salmonae ◽

Gill Disease

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Migratory Behaviour of Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Salmo gairdneri, in Outlet and Inlet Streams of Loon Lake, British Columbia

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f62-013 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 201-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

T. G. Northcote

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Day Length ◽

Water Current ◽

Salmo Gairdneri ◽

Flowing Water ◽

Juvenile Rainbow Trout ◽

Outlet Stream ◽

Downstream Movement

The marked differences in response to water current, exhibited by juvenile rainbow trout migrating into Loon Lake from its outlet and inlet streams, were studied both in the field and in experimental laboratory apparatus. All available evidence argued against genetically discrete outlet and inlet stocks, each maintaining different innate responses to water current. Difference in water temperature between streams was shown, in field and laboratory experiments, to regulate direction of juvenile trout migration through action on behaviour associated with downstream movement, maintenance of position and upstream movement.In laboratory experiments with cool (5 and 10 °C) flowing water, recently emerged fry rarely made contact with the stream bottom in darkness and exhibited much more downstream movement than in warm (> 14 °C) water. In cool streams of the Loon Lake system (daily mean consistently < 13 °C) large numbers of recently emerged fry moved downstream in darkness. Laboratory experiments indicated that combination of cool water (10 °C) and long day length (16 hours) induced downstream movement of fingerlings. In the field, fingerlings moved downstream largely in late spring and summer in cool streams of the Loon Lake system.In laboratory experiments with warm (15 and 20 °C) flowing water, recently emerged fry made frequent contact with the stream bottom in darkness and exhibited much less downstream movement than in cool (10 °C) water. In the warm outlet stream (daily mean in summer usually > 15 °C) recently emerged fry maintained position in darkness. Laboratory experiments suggested that short day length (8 hours) may facilitate maintenance of position exhibited by fingerlings in streams during late autumn and winter.Upstream movement of fry recorded in the field and tested in the laboratory was most pronounced in warm water (> 14 °C). Fingerlings subjected to rapid 5–degree (C) increases in water temperature in an experimental stream exhibited an immediate increase in upstream movement. Upstream movement in summer of large fry and fingerlings occurred only in the warm outlet stream; daily periodicity of upstream movement was positively correlated with sharp rises in water temperature.Evidence examined from four other widely separated stream systems indicated an environmental control of migration in juvenile rainbow trout similar to that demonstrated in the Loon Lake stream system. Possible mechanisms and interaction of factors controlling migratory patterns between and within streams are discussed. Significance of the predominant role played by temperature is considered.

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