Genetic variation affecting host-parasite interactions: major-effect quantitative trait loci affect the transmission of sigma virus inDrosophila melanogaster

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 3800-3807 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNY BANGHAM ◽  
SARA A. KNOTT ◽  
KANG-WOOK KIM ◽  
ROBERT S. YOUNG ◽  
FRANCIS M. JIGGINS
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Sigma Virus ◽  
Host Parasite

Quantitative trait loci define genes and pathways underlying genetic variation in longevity

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1046-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Shmookler Reis ◽  
Ping Kang ◽  
Srinivas Ayyadevara
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Trait Loci

Markers, maps and the detection of trait loci

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
C.S. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Potential Interest ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Modern Breeding

Naturally occurring genetic variation is the basis for differences in performance and appearance between and within different breeds and lines of livestock. In a few instances (e.g. coat colour, polling) the genes (or loci) which control the variation between animals and breeds have a large enough effect to be individually recognisable. For many traits, however, the combined effects of many different genes act together to control quantitative differences between breeds and individuals within breeds (hence such genes are often referred to as quantitative trait loci or QTLs). Thus the dramatic successes of modern breeding result from generations of selection which has produced accumulated changes at a number of different loci. The genome contains up to 100,000 different genes and identifying those which contribute to variation in traits of interest is a difficult task. One first step is to identify regions of the genome containing loci of potential interest through their linkage to genetic markers.

scholarly journals Joint analysis of quantitative trait loci and major-effect causative mutations affecting meat quality and carcass composition traits in pigs

BMC Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Cherel ◽  
José Pires ◽  
Jérôme Glénisson ◽  
Denis Milan ◽  
Nathalie Iannuccelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Trait Loci

Genetic variation underlying pod size and color traits of common bean depends on quantitative trait loci with epistatic effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Yuste-Lisbona ◽  
Ana M. González ◽  
Carmen Capel ◽  
Manuel García-Alcázar ◽  
Juan Capel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Epistatic Effects ◽  
Color Traits ◽  
Trait Loci

scholarly journals Host-pathogen coevolution increases genetic variation in susceptibility to infection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth ML Duxbury ◽  
Jonathan P Day ◽  
Davide Maria Vespasiani ◽  
Yannik Thüringer ◽  
Ignacio Tolosana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Host Parasite

AbstractIt is common to find considerable genetic variation in susceptibility to infection in natural populations. We have investigated whether natural selection increases this variation by testing whether host populations show more genetic variation in susceptibility to pathogens that they naturally encounter than novel pathogens. In a large cross-infection experiment involving four species of Drosophila and four host-specific viruses, we always found greater genetic variation in susceptibility to viruses that had coevolved with their host. We went on to examine the genetic architecture of resistance in one host species, finding that there are more major-effect genetic variants in coevolved host-parasite interactions. We conclude that selection by pathogens increases genetic variation in host susceptibility, and much of this effect is caused by the occurrence of major-effect resistance polymorphisms within populations.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci Variation for Growth and Obesity Between and Within Lines of Pigs (Sus scrofa)

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Nagamine ◽  
Chris S Haley ◽  
Asheber Sewalem ◽  
Peter M Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Porcine Genome ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Related Population

Abstract The hypothesis that quantitative trait loci (QTL) that explain variation between divergent populations also account for genetic variation within populations was tested using pig populations. Two regions of the porcine genome that had previously been reported to harbor QTL with allelic effects that differed between the modern pig and its wild-type ancestor and between the modern pig and a more distantly related population of Asian pigs were studied. QTL for growth and obesity traits were mapped using selectively genotyped half-sib families from five domesticated modern populations. Strong support was found for at least one QTL segregating in each population. For all five populations there was evidence of a segregating QTL affecting fatness in a region on chromosome 7. These findings confirm that QTL can be detected in highly selected commercial populations and are consistent with the hypothesis that the same chromosome locations that account for variation between populations also explain genetic variation within populations.

scholarly journals Linkage Analysis of Molecular Markers and Quantitative Trait Loci in Populations of Inbred Backcross Lines of Brassica napus L.

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 949-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
David V Butruille ◽  
Raymond P Guries ◽  
Thomas C Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Pedigree Structure ◽  
Inbred Backcross Lines ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Inbred Backcross

Abstract Backcross populations are often used to study quantitative trait loci (QTL) after they are initially discovered in balanced populations, such as F2, BC1, or recombinant inbreds. While the latter are more powerful for mapping marker loci, the former have the reduced background genetic variation necessary for more precise estimation of QTL effects. Many populations of inbred backcross lines (IBLs) have been developed in plant and animal systems to permit simultaneous study and dissection of quantitative genetic variation introgressed from one source to another. Such populations have a genetic structure that can be used for linkage estimation and discovery of QTL. In this study, four populations of IBLs of oilseed Brassica napus were developed and analyzed to map genomic regions from the donor parent (a winter-type cultivar) that affect agronomic traits in spring-type inbreds and hybrids. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) identified among the IBLs were used to calculate two-point recombination fractions and LOD scores through grid searches. This information allowed the enrichment of a composite genetic map of B. napus with 72 new RFLP loci. The selfed and hybrid progenies of the IBLs were evaluated during two growing seasons for several agronomic traits. Both pedigree structure and map information were incorporated into the QTL analysis by using a regression approach. The number of QTL detected for each trait and the number of effective factors calculated by using biometrical methods were of similar magnitude. Populations of IBLs were shown to be valuable for both marker mapping and QTL analysis.

scholarly journals Resistance Quantitative Trait Loci Originating from Solanum sparsipilum Act Independently on the Sex Ratio of Globodera pallida and Together for Developing a Necrotic Reaction

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1186-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Caromel ◽  
Didier Mugniéry ◽  
Marie-Claire Kerlan ◽  
Sandra Andrzejewski ◽  
Alain Palloix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Lower Effect ◽  
Solanum Sparsipilum ◽  
Nematode Development

Plant resistance to nematodes is related to the ability of the host to reduce the development of nematode juveniles into females. Resistance to the potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera pallida, originating from the wild species Solanum sparsipilum, was dissected by a quantitative trait loci (QTL) approach. Two QTL explained 89% of the phenotypic variation. The QTL GpaVsspl on chromosome V displayedthe major effect on the cyst number (coefficient of determination [R2] = 76.6%). It restricted G. pallida development to 16.2% of juveniles, 81.5% of males, and 2.3% of females. The QTL GpaXIsspl chromosome XI displayed a lower effect on the cyst number (R2 = 12.7%). It restricted G. pallida development to 13.8% of juveniles, 35.4% of males, and 50.8% of females. Clones carrying both QTL restricted the nematode development to 58.1% juveniles, 41.1% of males, and 0.8% of females. We demonstrated that potato clones carrying both QTL showed a strong necrotic reaction in roots infected by nematodes, while no such reaction was observed in clones carrying a single QTL. This result underlines the importance to introgress together GpaVsspl and GpaXIsspl into potato cultivars, in order to reduce the density of this quarantine pest in soil and to decrease the risk of selecting overcoming G. pallida subpopulations.

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