Extensive sympatry, cryptic diversity and introgression throughout the geographic distribution of two coral species complexes

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2224-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON T. LADNER ◽  
STEPHEN R. PALUMBI
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Species Complexes

scholarly journals Toward a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the “hirculus” group of American Onthophagus Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Rossini ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello ◽  
Mario Zunino
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Scarab Beetles

The taxonomy of the American Onthophagus Latreille, 1802 included in the “hirculus” group is revised, and a study of their morphology allows for the delineation of five species-complexes. Herein, we provide a diagnosis of the “hirculus” group, an illustrated key to the complexes, along with a descriptive overview of their taxonomy and geographic distribution. Onthophagus hirculus Mannerheim, 1829 is considered to be a junior synonym of O. hircus Billberg, 1815, which is here demonstrated to be a valid species name. Thus, the “hirculus” group is here renamed the “hircus” group. Furthermore, a general scheme of the genital organs of American Onthophagus is provided, including names of different anatomical parts and a brief discussion on the need for nomenclatural stability for the genitalia of scarab beetles.

Availability of Recently Described Ptychadena (Anura: Ptychadenidae) Nomina from Ethiopia

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4786 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY J. COLSTON ◽  
BRICE P. NOONAN ◽  
MEGAN L. SMITH ◽  
R. ALEXANDER PYRON
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Ecological Isolation ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Molecular Studies

Frogs of the genus Ptychadena (Boulenger, 1917) have long been identified as harboring cryptic diversity and comprising numerous species-complexes (Largen 1997; Zimkus et al. 2017), and many authors have recognized the particularly high hidden richness in the Ethiopian highlands (Largen 1997; see Largen & Spawls 2010 and refs. within). This cryptic diversity was confirmed by recent molecular studies (Freilich et al. 2014; Smith et al. 2017a, Reyes-Velasco et al. 2018). Those authors identified a congruent set of evolutionarily distinct candidate species using both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, and described the geographic and ecological isolation of these species in detail (Freilich et al. 2014; Smith et al. 2017a). 

scholarly journals Cryptic diversity in vertebrates: molecular data double estimates of species diversity in a radiation of Australian lizards ( Diplodactylus , Gekkota)

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1664) ◽  
pp. 2001-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Oliver ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Michael S.Y. Lee ◽  
Mark N. Hutchinson ◽  
Paul Doughty
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Taxonomic Impediment ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Diversity Estimates ◽  
Conservation And Management

A major problem for biodiversity conservation and management is that a significant portion of species diversity remains undocumented (the ‘taxonomic impediment’). This problem is widely acknowledged to be dire among invertebrates and in developing countries; here, we demonstrate that it can be acute even in conspicuous animals (reptiles) and in developed nations (Australia). A survey of mtDNA, allozyme and chromosomal variation in the Australian gecko, genus Diplodactylus , increases overall species diversity estimates from 13 to 29. Four nominal species each actually represent multi-species complexes; three of these species complexes are not even monophyletic. The high proportion of cryptic species discovered emphasizes the importance of continuing detailed assessments of species diversity, even in apparently well-known taxa from industrialized countries.

scholarly journals Cryptic biodiversity and phylogeographic patterns of Seychellois Ligia isopods

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Santamaria ◽  
Joanna K Bluemel ◽  
Nancy Bunbury ◽  
Melinda Curran
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex ◽  
Cryptic Biodiversity ◽  
Intertidal Habitats

Ligia isopods are conspicuous inhabitants of rocky intertidal habitats exhibiting several biological traits that severely limit their dispersal potential. Their presence in patchy habitats and low vagility may lead to long term isolation, allopatric isolation and possible cryptic speciation. Indeed, various species of Ligia have been suggested to represent instead cryptic species complexes. Past studies; however, have largely focused in Eastern Pacific and Atlantic species of Ligia, leaving in doubt whether cryptic diversity occurs in other highly biodiverse areas. The Seychelles consists of 115 islands of different ages and geological origins spread across the western Indian Ocean. They are well known for their rich biodiversity with recent reports of cryptic species in terrestrial Seychellois organisms. Despite these studies, it is unclear whether coastal invertebrates from the Seychelles harbor any cryptic diversity. In this study, we examined patterns of genetic diversity and isolation within Ligia isopods across the Seychelles archipelago by characterizing individuals from locations across both inner and outer islands of the Seychelles using mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We report the presence of highly divergent lineages of independent origin. At Aldabra Atoll, we uncovered a lineage closely related to the Ligia vitiensis cryptic species complex. Within the inner islands of Cousine, Silhouette, and Mahé we detected the presence of two moderately divergent and geographically disjunct lineages most closely related to Ligia dentipes. Our findings suggest that the Seychelles may harbor at least three novel species of Ligia in need of description and that these species may have originated independently.

scholarly journals Cryptic speciation in freshwaters: are speciation in lentic species shaped by paleohydrological events?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maitreya Sil ◽  
Abhishikta Roy ◽  
Tenzin Palden ◽  
Poorna Bhat ◽  
K. Praveen Karanth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Cryptic Speciation ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Biotic Diversity ◽  
Pila Globosa

The Indian subcontinent is extremely diverse in terms of its flora and fauna. However, there is a severe underestimation of the biotic diversity in invertebrate groups as well as a lack of understanding of the processes generating diversity in these groups. Here we aimed to jointly estimate the cryptic diversity of two freshwater snail species complexes, Pila globosa and Pila virens, and uncover the processes behind the speciation in these groups. We employed phylogenetic, morphometric, population genetic and niche modelling technique to address these questions. We found out that both species complexes consist of several genetically and ecologically distinct putative species. The speciation was primarily driven by allopatric isolation into different river basins. A combination of paleoclimatic and paleohydrological changes during the Miocene have shaped the speciation events. Local climatic adaptation also could have contributed towards some of the speciation events. The study sheds light on the complex interaction between the biology of the species and the environment that shape the diversification patterns in a group.

A new species of African snake-eyed skink (Scincidae: Panaspis) from central and northern Namibia

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4527 (1) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS M. P. CERÍACO ◽  
WILLIAM R. BRANCH ◽  
AARON M. BAUER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
A New Species

A recent molecular revision of the snake-eyed skinks of the genus Panaspis Cope, 1868 uncovered extensive cryptic diversity within the P. wahlbergi (Smith, 1849) and P. maculicollis Jacobsen & Broadley, 2000 species complexes. We here describe an unnamed central and northern Namibian lineage of the P. maculicollis group as a new species. We base the description on previously published molecular evidence and newly collected morphological, meristic and coloration data. Members of the group share a conservative morphology and the newly described species is very similar to P. maculicollis, from which it differs mostly on the basis of its coloration. This description raises the number of Panaspis recognized to 17 species and reinforces the already strong evidence that northern Namibia is a hotspot of reptile diversity. 

scholarly journals High unexpected genetic diversity of a narrow endemic terrestrial mollusc

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M Madeira ◽  
Rosa M. Chefaoui ◽  
Regina L Cunha ◽  
Francisco Moreira ◽  
Susana Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Population Isolation ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Central Portugal

A large array of species and species complexes from the Iberian Peninsula display strong genetic subdivisions indicative of past population isolation in separate glacial refugia as a result of survival throughout the Pleistocene ice ages. We used mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data to analyse phylogeographic patterns in a group of endemic land snails of the genus Candidula from a valley of central Portugal (Vale da Couda) showing an exceptionally narrow distributional range. Phylogenetic analyses recovered Vale da Couda specimens in two main clades that do not share a common ancestry. Considering the restricted geographic distribution, an unusual high number of haplotypes was found. These haplotypes were unevenly distributed among the sampling sites. Our results show a departure from the expectation that species with restricted distributions have low genetic variability. The putative past and contemporary models of geographic distribution of Vale da Couda lineages are compatible with a scenario of species co-existence in more southern locations during the last glacial maximum (LGM) followed by a post-LGM northern dispersal tracking the species optimal thermal, humidity and soil physical conditions. Mismatch analysis indicated a population expansion during the LGM, which corroborates our biogeographic scenario.

Cryptic diversity, diversification and vicariance in two species complexes ofTomocerus(Collembola, Tomoceridae) from China

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Daoyuan Yu ◽  
Yongzheng Luo ◽  
Simon Y. W. Ho ◽  
Beixing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Species Complexes

scholarly journals Geographic distribution of Pellia spp. (hepaticae, metzgeriales) in Poland based on electrophoretic identification

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Szweykowski ◽  
Roman Zieliński ◽  
Ireneusz Odrzykoski ◽  
Katarzyna Buczkowska
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Species ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Starch Gels

Many species of liverworts (<i>Hepaticae</i>) are morphologically plastic to such an extent that their proper recognition may cause difficulties even for a specialist. Central European species of the genus <i>Pellia</i> are notorious in this respect. Searching for less malleable diagnostic characters (than morphological and/or anatomical ones) we showed recently that the electrophoretic phenotypes (obtained by means of separation of enzyme proteins on starch gels) can be used for reliable identification of <i>Pellia</i> species with much reliability. During the last 20 years we performed electrophoretic identification of over 500 (exactly 541) colonies and discovered that at least two of the "classic" species of the genus <i>Pellia</i> are in fact species complexes comprising taxa having the character of sibling species. In this paper we have mapped all stations of electrophoretically identified <i>Pellia</i> species, including the sibling species mentioned; marked differences in their geographical distributions are discussed. Our work clearly shows that using more natural taxa (i.e.genetically defined sibling species instead of weakly characterised species complexes) in bryogeography, one can obtain meaningful results even in a geographically restricted area as, for instance in Poland.

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