Inhibitory effect of ACC deaminase-producing bacteria on crown gall formation in tomato plants infected by Agrobacterium tumefaciens or A. vitis

Trees of each of five rootstock genotypes (M.7a, M.9, M.26, MM.111, Mark,) were inoculated above and below ground with three strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. These were compared to controls that were uninoculated or inoculated with sterile deionized water. All rootstocks tested were quite susceptible to crown gall, but M.9 and Mark were consistantly among the most susceptible genotypes. Percent of inoculated sites forming galls above ground ranged from 43% in M.7a to 77% in M.9 and the mean size of galls that formed ranged from 3.7 mm in M.26 to 7.7 mm in M.9. All rootstocks except M.9 formed galls at a higher percentage of inoculated sites that were below ground. Percent of below ground inoculations forming galls ranged from 67% in MM.111 to 100% in Mark while mean size of galls underground ranged from 4.2 mm in MM.111 to 15.3 mm in M.9. The proportion of inoculated sites forming galls below ground in M.7a was twice as high as in above ground sites For rootstock × strain means, each measure of crown gall susceptibility above ground was significantly correlated with corresponding below ground data at the 0.01 level. to three rootstocks, some trees inoculated with sterile deionized water also produced apparent galls at sites below the soil line (100% in Mark, 60% in M.7a, 22% in M.26) although none of the above ground control inoculations produced galls. Uninoculated controls showed no gall formation.

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Etiology of grape crown gall in Ontario

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b83-291 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (10) ◽

pp. 2641-2646 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B. N. Dhanvantari

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Crown Gall ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽

Tomato Plants

Crown gall was found mostly on vinifera grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars in Ontario vineyards. The galls were usually small and aggregated along the trunk and cane; large woody galls were less common. Vines affected by crown gall died back in 3–4 years after planting. All the nine strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend) Conn isolated from galls corresponded to biotype 3 in determinative tests and were pathogenic on Datura, tobacco, tomato, and sunflower plants. Eight strains were sensitive to agrocin 84 on amended Stonier's medium. They were suppressed if inoculation was preceded 6 h earlier by Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 at wound sites on Datura and tomato plants.

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Draft Genome Sequence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Biovar 1 Strain 186, Isolated from Walnut

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.01232-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (46) ◽

Author(s):

Amisha T. Poret-Peterson ◽

Srijak Bhatnagar ◽

Ali E. McClean ◽

Daniel A. Kluepfel

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Crown Gall ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Gall Formation ◽

Content Type ◽

Walnut Tree ◽

English Walnut

ABSTRACT Agrobacterium tumefaciens biovar 1 strain 186 was isolated from a walnut tree expressing crown gall symptoms. The draft genome sequence of this strain harbored genes for crown gall formation and will be useful for understanding its virulence on Paradox, the predominant hybrid rootstock used for the cultivation of English walnut in California.

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ACC deaminase activity in avirulentAgrobacterium tumefaciensD3

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w11-006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 278-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Youai Hao ◽

Trevor C. Charles ◽

Bernard R. Glick

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Crown Gall ◽

Virulent Strain ◽

Regulatory Gene ◽

Acc Deaminase ◽

Type A ◽

Avirulent Strain ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Wild Type ◽

Wide Range

Some plant-growth-promoting bacteria encode the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, which breaks down ACC, the direct precursor of ethylene biosynthesis in all higher plants, into ammonia and α-ketobutyrate and, as a result, reduces stress ethylene levels in plants caused by a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. It was previously shown that ACC deaminase can inhibit crown gall development induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and can partially protect plants from this disease. Agrobacterium tumefaciens D3 has been previously reported to contain a putative ACC deaminase structural gene (acdS) and a regulatory gene (acdR = lrpL). In the present study, it was found that A. tumefaciens D3 is an avirulent strain. ACC deaminase activity and its regulation were also characterized. Under gnotobiotic conditions, wild-type A. tumefaciens D3 was shown to be able to promote plant root elongation, while the acdS and lrpL double mutant strain A. tumefaciens D3-1 lost that ability. When co-inoculated with the virulent strain, A. tumefaciens C58, in wounded castor bean plants, both the wild-type A. tumefaciens D3 and the mutant A. tumefaciens D3-1 were found to be able to significantly inhibit crown gall development induced by A. tumefaciens C58.

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