Topical nitroprusside may reduce histamine-induced plasma exudation in human nasal airways

Allergy ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Greiff ◽  
M. Andersson ◽  
C. Svensson ◽  
M. Nilsson ◽  
I. Erjefält ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Plasma Exudation

scholarly journals Persistent rhinitis and epithelial remodeling induced by cyclic ozone exposure in the nasal airways of infant monkeys

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (2) ◽  
pp. L242-L254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan A. Carey ◽  
Carol A. Ballinger ◽  
Charles G. Plopper ◽  
Ruth J. McDonald ◽  
Alfred A. Bartolucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Nasal Passage ◽  
Epithelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Airway Injury

Children chronically exposed to high levels of ozone (O3), the principal oxidant pollutant in photochemical smog, are more vulnerable to respiratory illness and infections. The specific factors underlying this differential susceptibility are unknown but may be related to air pollutant-induced nasal alterations during postnatal development that impair the normal physiological functions (e.g., filtration and mucociliary clearance) serving to protect the more distal airways from inhaled xenobiotics. In adult animal models, chronic ozone exposure is associated with adaptations leading to a decrease in airway injury. The purpose of our study was to determine whether cyclic ozone exposure induces persistent morphological and biochemical effects on the developing nasal airways of infant monkeys early in life. Infant (180-day-old) rhesus macaques were exposed to 5 consecutive days of O3 [0.5 parts per million (ppm), 8 h/day; “1-cycle”] or filtered air (FA) or 11 biweekly cycles of O3 (FA days 1– 9; 0.5 ppm, 8 h/day on days 10– 14; “11-cycle”). The left nasal passage was processed for light microscopy and morphometric analysis. Mucosal samples from the right nasal passage were processed for GSH, GSSG, ascorbate (AH2), and uric acid (UA) concentration. Eleven-cycle O3 induced persistent rhinitis, squamous metaplasia, and epithelial hyperplasia in the anterior nasal airways of infant monkeys, resulting in a 39% increase in the numeric density of epithelial cells. Eleven-cycle O3 also induced a 65% increase in GSH concentrations at this site. The persistence of epithelial hyperplasia was positively correlated with changes in GSH. These results indicate that early life ozone exposure causes persistent nasal epithelial alterations in infant monkeys and provide a potential mechanism for the increased susceptibility to respiratory illness exhibited by children in polluted environments.

Plasma exudation in the skin measured by external detection of conversion electrons

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Karambatsakidou ◽  
G�sta Bergh ◽  
Lars Ahlgren ◽  
Sven-Erik Strand ◽  
Olle Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Electrons ◽  
Plasma Exudation

An Adjustable Implant for the Nasal Valve: 3-Year Experience

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P72-P72
Author(s):  
Charles G Hurbis
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Valve ◽  
Valve Dysfunction ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Nasal Implant ◽  
Scale Data ◽  
Implantation Success

Objective 1) Measure the effectiveness of the Monarch implant in correcting nasal valve dysfunction. 2) Determine the longevity of effectiveness. Methods This study consists of a prospective, cumulative, three-year experience with the Monarch adjustable nasal implant for correcting nasal valve dysfunction in a total of 46 patients. Implantation success was determined by the use of acoustic rhinomanometry and a subjective NOSE-type quality of life scale. Data was subjected to the student-t test. Results In the series of 46 patients spanning 36 months there is a mean 150% improvement in the internal nasal valve areas at 3 years as measured by acoustic rhinomanometry (p<.0001). Using a NOSE-type questionnaire, patients also noted significant improvements in daytime (p<.0004) and nighttime (p<.0002) nasal airways, a decrease in apnea (p<.01) and snoring (p<.05), and a decrease in the propensity for daytime oral breathing (p<.0002). Conclusions The Monarch Implant provides a simple, consistent, adjustable and apparently long-term correction of the nasal airway in patients suffering from nasal valvular dysfunction.

Effects of topical budesonide and levocabastine on nasal symptoms and plasma exudation responses in seasonal allergic rhinitis

Allergy ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Svensson ◽  
M. Andersson ◽  
L Greiff ◽  
L-O. Blychert ◽  
C. G. A. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Exudation

scholarly journals Role for Mucin-5AC in Upper and Lower Airway Pathogenesis in Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 019262332110044
Author(s):  
Hye-Youn Cho ◽  
Soojung Park ◽  
Laura Miller ◽  
Huei-Chen Lee ◽  
Robert Langenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Mucous Cell ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Airway Injury ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Syncytia Formation ◽  
Injury Protection

Mucin-5AC (MUC5AC) is a major secreted mucin in pathogenic airways. To determine its role in mucus-related airway disorders, Muc5ac-deficient ( Muc5ac−/−) and wild-type ( Muc5ac+/+) mice were compared in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease, and ozone toxicity. Significantly greater inflammation and fibrosis by bleomycin were developed in Muc5ac−/− lungs compared to Muc5ac+/+ lungs. More severe mucous cell metaplasia in fibrotic Muc5ac−/− lungs coincided with bronchial Muc2, Muc4, and Muc5b overexpression. Airway RSV replication was higher in Muc5ac−/− than in Muc5ac+/+ during early infection. RSV-caused pulmonary epithelial death, bronchial smooth muscle thickening, and syncytia formation were more severe in Muc5ac−/− compared to Muc5ac+/+. Nasal septal damage and subepithelial mucoserous gland enrichment by RSV were greater in Muc5ac−/− than in Muc5ac+/+. Ozone exposure developed more severe nasal airway injury accompanying submucosal gland hyperplasia and pulmonary proliferation in Muc5ac−/− than in Muc5ac+/+. Ozone caused periodic acid-Schiff-positive secretion only in Muc5ac−/− nasal airways. Lung E-cadherin level was relatively lower in Muc5ac−/− than in Muc5ac+/+ basally and after bleomycin, RSV, and ozone exposure. Results indicate that MUC5AC is an essential mucosal component in acute phase airway injury protection. Subepithelial gland hyperplasia and adaptive increase of other epithelial mucins may compensate airway defense in Muc5ac−/− mice.

Low nitric oxide concentrations in exhaled gas and nasal airways of mammals without paranasal sinuses

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Lewandowski ◽  
Thilo Busch ◽  
Hansjörg Lohbrunner ◽  
Susanne Rensing ◽  
Uwe Keske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
No Release ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Thin Plastic ◽  
Expiratory Limb

To investigate whether relevant levels of nasal nitric oxide (NO) are produced in the absence of paranasal sinuses, we studied 17 healthy baboons, mammals without any paranasal sinuses. The animals were anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride and breathed spontaneously. While the baboons breathed through a face mask (mouths closed) connected to a respirator, NO concentrations in exhaled gas were sampled from the expiratory limb and analyzed by chemiluminescence. While the animals were breathing ambient air, nasal gas was sampled via a thin plastic tube and analyzed for NO concentrations by chemiluminescence. Mean NO concentration in the exhaled gas was 1.00 ± 0.59 parts/billion, and NO release was 4.28 ± 2.72 nl/min. A NO concentration of 4.79 ± 2.08 parts/billion was found in the nasal gas (NO release: 7.18 ± 3.13 nl/min). An age-dependent increase in nasal NO levels was not observed. Exhaled and nasal NO concentrations in baboons were markedly lower than in mammals with paranasal sinuses, suggesting that paranasal sinuses might be an anatomic requirement for production of relevant nasal NO levels.

scholarly journals Hyperbaric oxygen increases plasma exudation in rat trachea: involvement of nitric oxide

1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 794-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bernareggi ◽  
S Radice ◽  
G Rossoni ◽  
G Oriani ◽  
E Chiesara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Plasma Exudation ◽  
Rat Trachea

scholarly journals Comparative nasal effects of bradykinin and histamine: influence on nasal airways resistance and plasma protein exudation.

Thorax ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Rajakulasingam ◽  
R Polosa ◽  
L C Lau ◽  
M K Church ◽  
S T Holgate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Airways Resistance

Rhinological Consequences of Microsurgical Endonasal-Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Hondronikos ◽  
Ali Alomari ◽  
Martin Schrader ◽  
Ulrich J. Knappe
Keyword(s):  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Saddle Nose ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Sellar Lesions ◽  
Saddle Nose Deformity ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Smell Function

Abstract Background Transsphenoidal surgery for sellar lesions may affect patency and function of the nasal airways, smell and sinonasal quality of life. Below is our report on otorhinolaryngological data garnered from patients undergoing endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary microsurgery. Methods In a prospective study, 68 patients scheduled for transsphenoidal operations (32 female, 36 male, age 17–72 years) underwent otorhinolaryngological evaluation of their nasal morphology, a standardized smell test (sniffin’ sticks) and rhinomanometry to analyse nasal breathing function preoperatively, 3–5 days postoperatively (without rhinomanometry), after 3–4 months and after 9 months. Results Immediately after surgery, a reduction in smell sensation was detected in almost all patients. Within 3 months, this impairment resolved in all cases except one. In 2 patients (3%) with preoperative anosmia, improvement of smell function to>6 out of 12 sniffin’ sticks was observed. At final visit no patient was noted to have new anosmia. Within 3 months, the results of the rhinomanometry revealed that all patients except one, regained their preoperative nasal breathing function. In 6 patients (8.8%) an improvement in their nose breathing abilities compared to the preoperative state was found. Three patients (4.4%) underwent a LASER transection of mucosal synechiae. In one case with persistent nasal obstruction (1.5%), secondary septoplasty had to be performed. There was no case in which perforation of the nasal septum, nasal tip deflection, or saddle nose deformity was observed. Conclusion Microsurgical resection of pituitary tumors via the endonasal transsphenoidal approach poses an acceptable risk with regards to sinonasal complications. The incidence of secondary rhinosurgical interventions is low. Standardized comparative studies between endoscopic and microsurgical transsphenoidal operations should be undertaken.

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