Psychometric Properties of the Diener Satisfaction With Life Scale With Five Response Options Applied to the Colombian Population

Introduction: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985, comprises five items with seven response options in terms of agreement–disagreement. Recently, there has been a suggestion to reduce the response options of the SWLS to optimize its applicability in different cultural contexts.Objective: The study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the SWLS with five response options in the Colombian population. Specifically, we studied the dimensionality, invariance by gender and age (among a group of adolescents and emerging adults under 25 years and a group of adults of intermediate age and established adulthood under 59 years), convergent validity (with optimism), and divergent (with pessimism) and concurrent validity with other measures of well-being (flourishing, positive, and negative affects).Methodology: This project was a cross-sectional study using a non-probabilistic sample of the general population. Participants were included if they identified themselves as Colombian and were at least 18 years of age. The final sample comprised 1,255 participants. The average age was 25.62 years (SD = 8.60) ranging from 18 to 67 years of age, and 35.8% of the participants were men. In addition to SWLS, we used the Flourishing Scale (FS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE).Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.842), composite reliability (0.851), and average variance extracted (0.537) showed very good values. CFA was conducted to test the one-dimensional structure of FS, showing excellent goodness of fit [χ(5)2 = 15.774, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.992, TLI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.042, 90% RMSEA CI (0.020, 0.066), and SRMR = 0.016]. The correlations calculated among life satisfaction (SWLS) with flourishing (FS), positive and negative affects (SPANE), optimism, and pessimism (LOT-R) were statistically significant and as expected. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender and age were confirmed. Percentiles were provided for the total score and for age.Conclusions: The SWLS with five response options has adequate psychometric properties in the Colombian population, and the use of this version (with 5 response options) is recommended due to its greater applicability.

Measuring What Counts in Life: The Development and Initial Validation of the Fulfilled Life Scale (FLS)

In a recent work, we introduced a theoretical model for fulfillment in life that covers cognitive and affective components and distinguishes different time frames. The present study evaluates this model and describes the construction of the Fulfilled Life Scale (FLS) to assess fulfillment regarding the whole lived life retrospectively. We investigated the scale in two samples (Sample 1: N = 282 adults aged 50–93 years; Sample 2: N = 406 adults aged 40–85 years). The model of the cognitive component combines three sources of fulfillment (self, life, impact/legacy) with three criteria (wholeness, fit, value), yielding nine facets. Employing hierarchical factor analysis, we inspected all solutions between one and nine. We identified three optimal factors, which we labeled unfolded self and life, the worthwhile life, and positive impact and legacy. Next, we selected marker items and replicated the factor structure in Sample 2. The three scales were positively intercorrelated and showed good internal consistency in both samples. For the affective component, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses established a one-factor structure in both samples, and high internal consistency was obtained. Across a range of related constructs, we demonstrated construct and criterion validity. Notably, cognitive and affective fulfillment incrementally predicted a global rating of a fulfilled life and mental well-being, even after controlling for subjective and eudaimonic well-being. Overall, the study proves that the FLS is necessary to capture people’s experience of a fulfilled life, which could not be assessed sufficiently with previous well-being measures. Both cognitive and affective fulfillment were able to predict additional variance in mental well-being. Moreover, the study reveals psychometric support for the FLS and presents the first evidence on its validity. Lastly, applications in research and practice are discussed, especially in the context of living and aging well in the second half of life.

Komunikasi Online Remaja dengan Orang Tuanya yang Bekerja Berperan dalam Meningkatkan Kepuasan Hidup

Abstrak. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan hidup remaja adalah komunikasi dengan orang tua. Tuntutan pekerjaan yang seringkali menyulitkan orang tua untuk berkomunikasi dengan remaja dapat diminimalisir dengan komunikasi online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komunikasi online orang tua-anak terhadap kepuasan hidup remaja dengan kedua orang tua bekerja. Partisipan terdiri dari 106 remaja berusia 10-15 tahun dengan kedua orang tua bekerja. Komunikasi online orang tua-anak diukur menggunakan instrumen hasil modifikasi alat ukur Online Parent-Child, sedangkan Satisfaction with Life Scale Adapted for Children digunakan untuk mengukur kepuasan hidup. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari komunikasi online orang tua-anak terhadap kepuasan hidup remaja yang memiliki orang tua bekerja. Selain itu, hasil yang sama juga ditemukan pada remaja laki-laki dan perempuan yang memiliki kedua orang tua bekerja. Orang tua perlu memaksimalkan komunikasi online dengan remaja selama berada di tempat kerja karena komunikasi online memberikan kesan bahwa orang tua mendukung mereka, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepuasan hidup remaja.

The Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life Scale (GTS-QOL): A Validation in Japanese Patients

Background: Though Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS) has significant impact on the quality of life of its patients, measures of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) specific to adolescents and adults with GTS were not developed until recently. The present study provides evidence on the validity of the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life Scale (GTS-QOL), the first disease-specific HR-QOL instrument for GTS patients, for the first time in an East Asian sample.Methods: One hundred and two Japanese individuals aged 13 and above with GTS were included in our study. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. The 4-factor structure of the GTS-QOL was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, using goodness of fit indices, factor loadings of each questionnaire item, and covariances between factors. Validity was assessed using interscale correlations. Convergent and discriminate construct validity was evaluated using correlations with other scales such as the 28-item General Health Questionnaire, the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, and the short version of the Padua Inventory.Results: Scaling assumptions were met. Internal consistency reliability was high, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.96. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed sufficient factor loadings and goodness of fit. All measures of goodness of fit corroborated the fit of the 4-factor model. Standardized covariances between factors in the confirmatory factor analysis were >0.8. There were significant correlations with other well-validated scales, and thus convergent and discriminate construct validity was sufficient.Conclusion: The GTS-QOL is a valid and reliable instrument to measure disease-specific HR-QOL of GTS patients in Japan.

Đánh giá hiệu quả phục hồi chức năng hô hấp trên bệnh nhân Covid-19

TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh nhân Covid-19 cần kết hợp nhiều phương pháp điều trị trong có phục hồi chức năng hô hấp. Nghiên cứu này giúp đánh giá hiệu quả của Chương trình Phục hồi chức năng (PHCN) hô hấp ở bệnh nhân Covid-19 nặng và nguy kịch. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu trên mẫu thuận tiện gồm 65 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán Viêm phổi do Covid-19 mức độ nặng, nguy kịch được điều trị cải thiện tại Trung tâm Hồi sức Tích cực Bệnh viện Trung Ương Huế tại TP Hồ Chí Minh. Đánh giá lại khả năng hồi phục của bệnh nhân sau 1 tuần dựa trên chỉ số SpO2, thang điểm khó thở Borg và thang điểm độc lập sinh hoạt Barthel. So sánh hiệu quả hồi phục chức năng hô hấp chọn kiểm định tổng hạng Wilcoxon. Kết quả: Tuổi nhỏ nhất là 19 tuổi, lớn nhất là 93 tuổi, nhóm bệnh có độ tuổi 50 - 59 chiếm tỷ lệ nhiều nhất, chiếm 29.2 %. Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh ở nữ lớn hơn nam (tương ứng 56,9% và 43,1%). Thời gian đang nằm viện ngắn nhất là 6 ngày, dài nhất là 47 ngày. Các bệnh nhân được tiến hành tập PHCN hô hấp ngay từ đầu khi mới vào viện và suốt quá trình bệnh nằm viện. Tăng huyết áp là yếu tố bệnh nền hay gặp nhất chiếm 61,8%. Các biện pháp hỗ trợ thông khí hay liệu pháp oxy thì sử dụng mask cannula là chủ yếu chiếm 96,5%. SpO2 tăng 98% (95,5 - 99%) lên 99% (97 - 100%) có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0.05. Thang điểm khó thở Borg giảm từ 2 (1 - 4) xuống 1 (0,5 - 2) có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05. Thang điểm độc lập chức năng sinh hoạt Barthel tăng từ 80 (67,5 - 100) lên 100 (80 - 100), có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05. Kết luận: Chương trình phục hồi chức năng hô hấp góp phần thúc đẩy sự hồi phục của bệnh nhân Covid-19. ABSTRACT EFFECTIVENESS OF PULMONARY REHABILITATION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS Background: Covid-19 patients need a combination of treatment methods, including respiratory rehabilitation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Respiratory Rehabilitation Program in Covid-19 patients. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptivestudy was carried out in 65 patients with severe and critical Covid-19 pneumonia who were receiving improved treatments at the Intensive Care Center of Hue Central Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City. The patient’s ability to recover after one week was re - evaluated based on SpO2 index, Borg dyspnea scale and Barthel’s independent life scale. The effectiveness of respiratory rehabilitation was compared using the Wilcoxon sum test. Results: The age ranged from 19 to 93 years. The age group from 50 to 59 years old was made up the largest proportion, accounting for 29.2%. The prevalence was higher in women than men (56.9% vs. 43.1%, respectively). The shortest hospital stay was six days, and the longest was 47 days. The patients experienced respiratory rehabilitation exercises from the beginning when they were admitted to the hospital and throughout their stay. Hypertension was the most common underlying disease factor, accounting for 61.8%. Ventilation support measured or oxygen therapy using mask cannula is the main factor accounting for 96.5%. SpO2 statistically increased from 98% (95.5 - 99%) to 99% (97 - 100%) (p < 0.05). The Borg dyspnea scale statistically decreased from 2 (1 - 4) to 1 (0.5 - 2) (p < 0.05). Barthel’s independent functional - life scale statistically increased from 80 (67,5 - 100) to 100 (80 - 100) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Respiratory rehabilitation program contributes to the recovery of Covid-19 patients Keywords: Respiratory, rehabilitation, Covid-19.

The Development and Validation Of The Islamic Gratitude Scale (IGS-10)

There were not many adequate instruments to measure gratitude for the Indonesian people, especially the Muslim community. The purpose of this study is to develop the Islamic Gratitude Scale (IGS-10) by conducted an adequate set of tests. A total of 1218 respondents from students and workers participated on this study. This study found that the Islamic Gratitude Scale (IGS-10) has a good reliability (α= 0.863), good content validity and good factorial validity. The exploratory factor analysis found that IGS-10 has two factors, extrinsic gratitude (α= 0.845) and intrinsic gratitude (α= 0.761). Several sets of correlation tests found that IGS-10 has a good convergent validity, IGS-10 correlates with the Gratitude Questionerre (GQ-6), Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Scale - Short Form (GRAT-SF), and gratitude toward God. Furthermore, IGS-10 correlated with Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire - Appearance Scale (MBSRQ - US), and subjective well-being. This finding indicated that IGS-10 has a good cirterion-related validity. But unfortunately, IGS-10 did not correlate with Adolescents’ Self-concept Short Scale (ASCSS), optimism scale (LOT-R) and The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). IGS-10 was associated with Social Desirability Scale (SDS) with low correlation. To develop this scale the next process that can be done is norming, so that the IGS-10 will become a scale that can be used widely and more convincingly.