Patch Exploitation, Patch-leaving and Pre-emptive Patch Defence in the Parasitoid Wasp Trissolcus basalis (Insecta: Scelionidae)

Ethology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Field
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Patch Exploitation

scholarly journals First record of Trissolcus basalis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitizing Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rammohan Balusu ◽  
Elijah Talamas ◽  
Ted Cottrell ◽  
Michael Toews ◽  
Brett Blaauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis

A parasitoid wasp, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), was recorded parasitizing eggs of the invasive stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål) in the United States. This is the first record of this species parasitizing fresh and frozen eggs of H. halys in the United States. First record of Trissolcus basalis parasitizing Halyomorpha halys eggs in the United States.

Short-term host discrimination in the parasitoid wasp Trissolcus basalis Wollaston (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Field ◽  
M. A. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Host Discrimination ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Model

The ability of host discrimination allows insect parasitoids to avoid superparasitism (oviposition in a previously attacked host). However, superparasitism can sometimes be adaptive, so attempts to identify host discrimination must be made under appropriate ecological conditions. We tested the ability of the parasitoid wasp Trissolcus basalis to discriminate between self- and conspecific-parasitised hosts (conspecific discrimination) under ecologically realistic conditions, in which conspecific discrimination should be adaptive. Data were analysed using a Monte Carlo simulation model that permitted testing of several different ways in which conspecific discrimination could be achieved. We obtained the novel result that females avoided self-superparasitism on a patch consisting of a mixture of self- and conspecific-parasitised hosts, but that this avoidance was not due to true conspecific discrimination. Instead, it was due to short- term discrimination between newly and previously parasitised hosts. Two likely mechanisms for such discrimination are proposed: a short-lived host-derived volatile; and the presence of two or more chemical components in the marking pheromone.

Patch Defence in the Parasitoid Wasp Trissolcus Basalis: When to Begin Fighting?

Behaviour ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Field ◽  
Gregory Calbert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Egg Masses

AbstractForagers that exploit defendable patches are faced with a trade-off, between exploiting the patch, and defending it against competitors. In insect parasitoids, this trade-off is compounded by the fact that the host resources are not consumed, but remain in the environment after being exploited and therefore are still vulnerable to attack by competitors. The parasitoid wasp Trissolcus basalis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) exploits the egg masses of pentatomid bugs, and females are able to monopolise and defend patches of hosts. However, females usually do not begin fighting immediately, but co-exploit the patch without aggression for some time. This paper uses survival analysis to examine their decision-making rules with respect to when to begin defending a patch. The decision to begin fighting was influenced by the size of the patch, the number of offspring previously invested in the patch, the encounter rate with con specifics, and the encounter rate with unparasitised hosts. These factors reflect a balance between defending the resource and defending offspring, and highlight the increasing value of a patch to a female as she invests more offspring in it.

Wolbachia impairs post-eclosion host preference in a parasitoid wasp

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Abrun ◽  
Ahmad Ashouri ◽  
Anne Duplouy ◽  
Hossein Kishani Farahani
Keyword(s):  
Host Preference ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp

scholarly journals Sight of parasitoid wasps accelerates sexual behavior and upregulates a micropeptide gene in Drosophila

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa A. M. Ebrahim ◽  
Gaëlle J. S. Talross ◽  
John R. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
Vast Range

AbstractParasitoid wasps inflict widespread death upon the insect world. Hundreds of thousands of parasitoid wasp species kill a vast range of insect species. Insects have evolved defensive responses to the threat of wasps, some cellular and some behavioral. Here we find an unexpected response of adult Drosophila to the presence of certain parasitoid wasps: accelerated mating behavior. Flies exposed to certain wasp species begin mating more quickly. The effect is mediated via changes in the behavior of the female fly and depends on visual perception. The sight of wasps induces the dramatic upregulation in the fly nervous system of a gene that encodes a 41-amino acid micropeptide. Mutational analysis reveals that the gene is essential to the behavioral response of the fly. Our work provides a foundation for further exploration of how the activation of visual circuits by the sight of a wasp alters both sexual behavior and gene expression.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Thanatosis in the Braconid Parasitoid Wasp Heterospilus prosopidis

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Mio Amemiya ◽  
Kôji Sasakawa
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Antipredator Behavior ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Death Feigning ◽  
Heterospilus Prosopidis ◽  
History Of

Thanatosis, also called death feigning, is often an antipredator behavior. In insects, it has been reported from species of various orders, but knowledge of this behavior in Hymenoptera is insufficient. This study examined the effects of sex, age (0 or 2 days old), temperature (18 or 25 °C), and background color (white, green, or brown) on thanatosis in the braconid parasitoid wasp Heterospilus prosopidis. Thanatosis was more frequent in 0-d-old individuals and in females at 18 °C. The duration of thanatosis was longer in females, but this effect of sex was weaker at 18 °C and in 0-d-old individuals. The background color affected neither the frequency nor duration. These results were compared with reports for other insects and predictions based on the life history of this species, and are discussed from an ecological perspective.

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