Suppression of Damping off on Pepper Caused by Pythium ultimum Trow and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn by Some New Antagonists in Comparison with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai

1989 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gürhan Turhan ◽  
Kutsi Turhan
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Damping Off

scholarly journals Utilisation d'une souche indigène de Trichoderma harzianum contre cinq agents pathogènes chez le concombre et la tomate de serre au Québec

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Caron ◽  
L. Laverdière ◽  
P.O. Thibodeau ◽  
R.R. Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Pythium Ultimum

Le potentiel antagoniste du biofongicide à base de Trichoderma harzianum MAUL-20, isolé au Québec, a été testé contre cinq agents telluriques phytopathogènes(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL), Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum et Verticillium dahliae) du concombre et de la tomate de serre. Le biofongicide a démontré une efficacité contre P. ultimum et R. solani chez le concombre et la tomate et contre FORL chez la tomate. De plus, T. harzianum MAUL-20 a eu un effet stimulant sur le développement des plants de concombre lorsque cultivés, sans agents pathogènes, dans un substrat organique alimenté du biofongicide. L'efficacité de T. harzianum MAUL-20 a été comparée à celle du biofongicide américain Rootshield™ (Trichoderma harzianum KRL-AG2) et le premier a démontré une activité antagoniste égale ou supérieure à celle de Rootshield™.

scholarly journals Application of plant extracts and Trichoderma harzianum for the management of tomato seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mapula T.P. Hlokwe ◽  
Mapotso Kena ◽  
David N. Mamphiswana
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Tomato Seedling

Seedling production under smallholder farming systems can be negatively affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. Seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the major biotic factors which causes significant yield reduction. Management is mainly based on the application of synthetic fungicides and cultural practices. However, both methods have limitations which result in their inefficiency. Several studies have reported on the use of plant extracts and biological control to manage plant diseases. The aim of this study was to formulate an effective and practical approach to manage tomato seedling dampingoff using extracts of Monsonia burkeana and Moringa oleifera and a biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum. The efficacy of both extracts was investigated under laboratory conditions to determine the most suppressive concentration to R. solani growth. Methanolic extracts from both plants significantly suppressed pathogen growth at different concentrations. M. burkeana significantly reduced R. solani growth at 8 g/mL (71%) relative to control whilst Moringa oleifera extract reduced pathogen growth by 60% at a concentration of 6 g/mL. The highest suppressive concentrations were further evaluated under greenhouse conditions to test their efficacy on seedling damping-off. In damping-off treatments, both plant extracts and T. harzianum also significantly reduced (p=0.5) pre- and post-emergence dampingoff incidence. M. burkeana recorded the highest suppression at 78%, followed by M. oleifera at 64%. Trichoderma harzianum reduced incidence of damping-off by 60% and this was higher than both plant extract treatments.

scholarly journals Liquid culture production of microsclerotia and submerged conidia by Trichoderma harzianum active against damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilce N. Kobori ◽  
Gabriel M. Mascarin ◽  
Mark A. Jackson ◽  
David A. Schisler
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Culture Production

scholarly journals Fraksies en geïsoleerde verbinding uit Tecoma stans (Bignoniaceae), ’n indringerplant, het belowende aktiwiteit teen fungus fitopatogene

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moraba M. Meelah ◽  
Ladislaus K. Mdee ◽  
Jacobus N. Eloff
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Pythium Ultimum

Fungi wat plante aanval, lei tot groot verliese in plantproduksie en ook tot verliese in opbrengs nadat die produkte geoes is. Die beheer van hierdie fungi deur chemiese fungisiede lewer komplikasies vanweë menslike en omgewingstoksisiteit. Die koste en die ontwikkeling van weerstand deur plantpatogeniese fungi teen fungisiede lewer ook probleme. Sekondêre plantmetaboliete het ‘n goeie potensiaal as antifungusverbindings. Die doel van die studie was om die aktiwiteit van Tecoma stans-ekstrakte en - fraksies te bepaal en om die aktiewe verbinding te isoleer deur die bioaktiwiteit van fraksies gedurende die fraksionering te bepaal. Die dichlorometaanfraksie het die hoogste aktiwiteit gehad en die geïsoleerde verbinding se struktuur is bepaal as oleanolsuur. Die antifungusaktiwiteit is teen tien belangrike plantfunguspatogene bepaal (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus parasiticus, Collectotrichum gloeosporoides, Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillum expansum, Penicillum janthinellum, Pythium ultimum, Phytophthora nicotiana, Trichoderma harzianum en Rhizoctonia solani). Die gemiddelde minimum inhiberende konsentrasie was 130 μg/mL. Die DCM-ekstrak en oleanolsuur was minder toksies as die positiewe kontrole berberien teen Vero-selle met LC50 waardes van 0.413 mg/mL, 0.129 mg/mL en 15.48 µg/mL onderskeidelik. Die selektiwiteitindeks van 20 met verskeie fungi dui op moontlike relatiewe veiligheid om onder gekontroleerde toestande selfs vir eetbare produkte te gebruik. Die groot massa plantmateriaal wat van hierdie indringerplant beskikbaar is, mag tot ‘n kommersieel bruikbare produk lei in die bekamping van fitopatogeniese fungi.Navorsing korrelasie: Hierdie artikel is die vertaalde weergawe en is beskikbaar gestel om ‘n breër lesersgroep te bereik. Die oorspronklike Engelse artikel is beskikbaar hier: https://doi. org/10.4102/satnt.v36i1.1489

Relationship between in vitro growth inhibition of pathogens and suppression of preemergence damping-off and postemergence root rot of white bean seedlings in the greenhouse by bacteria

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Reddy ◽  
R. K. Hynes ◽  
G. Lazarovits
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
White Bean

One hundred and twenty diverse bacterial strains were screened under greenhouse conditions for their ability to protect white bean seedlings from preemergence damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani and postemergence root rot by Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli. Preemergence mortality or root rot increased with an increase in the inoculum concentration of fungal isolates. For further testing, 200 propagules/g soil of P. ultimum, 3 propagules/g soil of R. solani, and log 3 conidia/g vermiculite of F. solani f.sp. phaseoli were used, as these rates provided an optimal level (approximately 50%) of disease severity. Bacterial strains suspended in sterile distilled water were added to pathogen-amended soil or vermiculite at log 7 colony-forming units/g soil or vermiculite prior to seeding. Final healthy stand and root rot were recorded 4 weeks after planting. Nine bacterial strains on P. ultimum, five on R. solani, and nine on F. solani f.sp. phaseoli provided significant (P = 0.05) suppression of disease severity compared with the nonbacterized control. Bacterial strains were also tested in vitro against the mycelial growth of the fungi on solid and liquid media. There was no relationship between the ability of bacterial strains to inhibit fungal vegetative growth on solid culture media and their ability to suppress pathogen activity in the greenhouse, but, for a few strains, the reduction in disease was linked to reduced growth of the pathogens in liquid media.Key words: White bean, damping-off, root rot, Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli.

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