Symptomless Resistant Response Instead of the Hypersensitive Reaction in Tobacco Leaves after Infiltration of Heterologous Pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae

1999 ◽  
Vol 147 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Klement ◽  
Z. Bozsó ◽  
P. G. Ott ◽  
M. L. Kecskés ◽  
K. Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Tobacco Leaves

scholarly journals Flagellin Glycosylation Island in Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea and Its Role in Host Specificity

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (22) ◽  
pp. 6658-6665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasumi Takeuchi ◽  
Fumiko Taguchi ◽  
Yoshishige Inagaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Toyoda ◽  
Tomonori Shiraishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Posttranslational Modification ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Flagellin Glycosylation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT The deduced amino acid sequences of the flagellins of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci and P. syringae pv. glycinea are identical; however, their abilities to induce a hypersensitive reaction are clearly different. The reason for the difference seems to depend on the posttranslational modification of the flagellins. To investigate the role of this posttranslational modification in the interactions between plants and bacterial pathogens, we isolated genes that are potentially involved in the posttranslational modification of flagellin in P. syringae pv. glycinea (glycosylation island); then defective mutants with mutations in these genes were generated. There are three open reading frames in the glycosylation island, designated orf1, orf2, and orf3. orf1 and orf2 encode putative glycosyltransferases, and mutants with defects in these open reading frames, Δorf1 and Δorf2, secreted nonglycosylated and slightly glycosylated flagellins, respectively. Inoculation tests performed with these mutants and original nonhost tobacco leaves revealed that Δorf1 and Δorf2 could grow on tobacco leaves and caused symptom-like changes. In contrast, these mutants failed to cause symptoms on original host soybean leaves. These data indicate that putative glycosyltransferases encoded in the flagellin glycosylation island are strongly involved in recognition by plants and could be the specific determinants of compatibility between phytopathogenic bacteria and plant species.

scholarly journals The hrpC and hrpN Operons of Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 Are Flanked by plcA and Homologs of Hemolysin/Adhesin Genes and Accompanying Activator/Transporter Genes

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihyun F. Kim ◽  
Jong Hyun Ham ◽  
David W. Bauer ◽  
Alan Collmer ◽  
Steven V. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Erwinia Chrysanthemi ◽  
Tobacco Leaves

The hrpC operon of Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 encodes five genes conserved in Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae. Mutagenesis indicated that hrcC is required for elicitation of the hypersensitive reaction in tobacco leaves. The unexpected presence of plcA and homologs of hemolysin/activator genes in the regions flanking the hrcC and hrpN operons is reported.

Identification of a DNA region required for growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato on tomato plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 883-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Jackson ◽  
Douglas A. Gray ◽  
Vincent L. Morris ◽  
Diane A. Cuppels
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tartaric Acids ◽  
Nonpathogenic Strain

The prototrophic Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato mutant DC3481, which is the result of a single-site Tn5 insertion, cannot grow and cause disease on tomato plants and cannot use the major organic acids of tomato, i.e., citric, malic, succinic, and tartaric acids, as sole carbon sources. Although nonpathogenic, strain DC3481 can still induce a hypersensitive reaction in nonhost plants. We have identified a 30-kb fragment of P. syringae pv. tomato wild-type DNA that can complement this mutant. EcoRI fragments from this region were subcloned and individually subjected to functional complementation analysis. The 3.8-kb fragment, which was the site of the Tn5 insertion, restored pathogenicity and the ability to use all the major organic acids of tomato as carbon sources. It shares sequence homology with several P. syringae pathovars but not other bacterial tomato pathogens. Our results indicate that sequences on the 3.8-kb EcoRI fragment are required for both the ability to grow on tomato leaves (and thus cause disease) and the utilization of carboxylic acids common to tomato. The 3.8-kb fragment may contain a sequence (or sequences) that regulates both traits. Key words: Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, phytopathogenicity, Tn5, tricarboxylic acid metabolism, bacterial speck, growth in planta.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas syringae Effector avrB Confers Soybean Cultivar-Specific Avirulence on Soybean mosaic virus Adapted for Transgene Expression but Effector avrPto Does Not

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Alan Eggenberger ◽  
John Hill ◽  
Adam J. Bogdanove
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Green Fluorescent Protein Gene ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Viral Movement

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) was adapted for transgene expression in soybean and used to examine the function of avirulence genes avrB and avrPto of Pseudomonas syringae pvs. glycinea and tomato, respectively. A cloning site was introduced between the P1 and HC-Pro genes in 35S-driven infectious cDNAs of strains SMV-N and SMV-G7. Insertion of the uidA gene or the green fluorescent protein gene into either modified cDNA and bombardment into primary leaves resulted in systemic expression that reflected the pattern of viral movement into uninoculated leaves. Insertion of avrB blocked symptom development and detectable viral movement in cv. Harosoy, which carries the Rpg1-b resistance gene corresponding to avrB, but not in cvs. Keburi or Hurrelbrink, which lack Rpg1-b. In Keburi and Hurrelbrink, symptoms caused by SMV carrying avrB appeared more quickly and were more severe than those caused by the virus without avrB. Insertion of avrPto enhanced symptoms in Harosoy, Hurrelbrink, and Keburi. This result was unexpected because avrPto was reported to confer avirulence on P. syringae pv. glycinea inoculated to Harosoy. We inoculated Harosoy with P. syringae pv. glycinea expressing avrPto, but observed no hypersensitive reaction, avrPto-dependent induction of pathogenesis-related protein 1a, or limitation of bacterial population growth. In Hurrelbrink, avrPto enhanced bacterial multiplication and exacerbated symptoms. Our results establish SMV as an expression vector for soybean. They demonstrate that resistance triggered by avrB is effective against SMV, and that avrB and avrPto have general virulence effects in soybean. The results also led to a reevaluation of the reported avirulence activity of avrPto in this plant.

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