scholarly journals Tariff Equivalent of Technical Barriers to Trade with Imperfect Substitution and Trade Costs

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
John Beghin ◽  
Helen H. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Trade Costs ◽  
Technical Barriers To Trade ◽  
Tariff Equivalent

MEASURING MONGOLIA’S GAINS FROM TRADE AND INCREASED INTEGRATION IN THE WORLD ECONOMY

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950021
Author(s):  
ENKHMAA BATTOGTVOR ◽  
CRAIG PARSONS
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Transitional Economies ◽  
Trade Costs ◽  
Trade Cost ◽  
Welfare Impact ◽  
Economic Association ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
Tariff Equivalent

Following the gains from variety literature ( Broda and Weinstein , 2006 ), we estimate the welfare impact of the dramatic increase in imported varieties growth in Mongolia and find it to be considerably larger than that found in previous studies of other transitional economies. Our results show that from 1988 to 2015, the gains from variety were equal to 22 percent of Mongolia’s GDP, or 0.8 percent annually. As such, this paper measures the gains of one of the most profound trade liberalizations in modern history. Also, by calculating Novy measures of trade costs, we find that the tariff-equivalent trade costs between any of its trade partners fell dramatically since the dissolution of and Mongolia’s exit from the Soviet-led CMEA (Council of Mutual Economic Association). Our calculations suggest that the costs between Mongolia and China, now its biggest trading partner, fell from 114% to 63%. For reference, this is twice the decline of the post-NAFTA US-Mexico trade costs. Other bilateral trade cost declines (e.g. with Germany) were even greater.

scholarly journals Interval Estimation of the Tariff Equivalent of Technical Barriers to Trade in the Case of Japan^|^rsquo;s Phytosanitary Measures against Fire Blight in Imported Apples

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Nakatani ◽  
Ayumi Miyata ◽  
Daisuke Sawauchi ◽  
Takahiro Sajiki ◽  
Yasutaka Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Technical Barriers To Trade ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Tariff Equivalent

scholarly journals The peripheral protectionist backlash in the First Globalization: Spain (1870-1913)

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Sabaté ◽  
Carmen Fillat ◽  
Ana Belén Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Trade Costs ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Gravity Equations ◽  
Tariff Equivalent

AbstractThis paper studies the role played by different trade barriers (transport costs, customs and currency) in the evolution of Spanish imports during the First Globalization (1870-1913). Through the estimation of several gravity equations with panel data analysis, we obtain the elasticities of imports to each barrier, which allows us to combine them into a single ad valorem measure of barriers to trade (which we call the trade costs tariff equivalent). More interestingly, the contribution of the barriers to the profile of the tariff equivalent, as well as the assignment of an active role to the peseta exchange rate as a barrier, illustrates the existence of a protectionist backlash against the sustained decline in transport costs in the period 1870-1913.

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