The concluding chapter addresses what contemporary people might learn from the early Confucians about the study’s themes. It argues that moral autonomy is the core of personal autonomy, and that both require training and support to exercise. Furthermore, we should learn to embrace many forms of our dependence on each other as not only inevitable but usually also healthy and good, if society is reasonably well ordered. This has important implications for education, welfare policy, jobs policy, and other areas of government action. A contemporary quasi-Confucian approach to these issues would likely argue for “sufficientarian” government that actively supports family life and work, rather than negative liberty alone. We should also rethink narrow conceptions of expertise, and recognize the sort of generalized human mastery or virtue (autonomy in a broad sense) that directs and makes possible specialized forms of expertise.