The G7 Summit and the Reform of Global Institutions

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Bayne
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
National Governments

IN MY GOVERNMENT AND OPPOSITION/LEONARD SCHAPIRO lecture in 1993 I attempted an incomplete analysis of international economic relations after the end of the cold war, in particular the unexpected tensions and difficulties. The end of superpower confrontation had not only removed one incentive for Western countries to settle their economic disputes. It had also lowered the priority given to security issues, where national governments were in control, and had exposed their dwindling ability to take economic decisions, because of the extent of the interdependence which was the price paid for their prosperity. I could not think of a single area of domestic policy immune from international influence. Professor Susan Strange has developed a more trenchant analysis of this trend in her Government and Opposition/Leonard Schapiro lecture this year.

From Havana to Miami: U.S. Cuba Policy as a Two-Level Game

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. LeoGrande
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Aid Programs ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Cold War

For thirty years, Cuba was a focal point of the Cold War. Before the demise of the Soviet Union, Cuba’s close ideological and military partnership with the communist superpower posed a challenge to U.S. foreign policy, especially in the Third World (see, e.g., Domínguez 1989). With the end of the Cold War, Cuba retrenched, ending its aid programs for foreign revolutionaries and regimes. Without the Soviet Union’s sponsorship, Cuba could no longer afford the luxury of a global foreign policy exporting revolution. Instead, its diplomats focused on reorienting Cuba’s international economic relations toward Latin America and Europe, building friendly relations with former adversaries.

scholarly journals Economic necessity and political reality in the GDR: Establishing an overseas port at Rostock

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Stollenwerk
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Economic Strategies ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Necessity ◽  
The Cold War

Opened in April 1960, the overseas port at Rostock resulted from a convergence of factors related to geopolitics, geography, economics and the unique needs and challenges of building a socialist port. Local, national and global pressures played on each other in establishing the port, making Rostock a singular product of the Cold War in the German Democratic Republic. The history of decision-making that went into the building of the port demonstrates the importance of politics in the Cold War, as well as its limits. Although informed by geopolitics, economic decisions in Europe’s socialist economies reflected a broad array of factors. This article argues that national and local decision-makers managed competing regional and national interests in order to develop their own economic strategies that functioned on several different levels. Rostock’s history highlights the common problematic of operating within and outside of the boundaries that the Cold War produced.

scholarly journals Afterword: The Linkage Problem—Comments on Five Texts

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World

The problem of linkage between “nontrade” subjects and the World Trade Organization is certainly one of the most pressing and challenging policy puzzles for international economic relations and institutions today. It is extensively and harshly debated by political leaders and diplomats, at both the national and the international levels of discourse, and is one of several issues that derailed the WTO Third Ministerial Conference in Seattle in late 1999. It also posed problems for the Fourth Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, in November of 2001, and it threatens to derail the successful functions of the WTO itself.

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